Articles tagged with Neurology
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A recent study co-authored by health care and law expert David Orentlicher examines the evolution of concussion understanding over several decades. The study finds that both the NFL and neurologists were slow to respond to concussions, with many viewing them as a 'benign phenomenon.'
The JAMA Network has announced new titles for its specialty journals, including JAMA Pediatrics, JAMA Neurology, and JAMA Internal Medicine. Starting January 1, 2013, these journals will have a new embargo schedule, with content available on the For the Media site at specific times.
A study suggests that linagliptin, a commercialized diabetes drug, can stimulate neuroprotection and largely reduce brain damage following stroke. This could lead to better prognosis for type 2 diabetic patients after a stroke.
A systematic review of 14 studies and 1,600 participants found lasting decrements in neurological and cognitive function, particularly in memory and information processing speed. The study's findings suggest that low-level exposure to organophosphate pesticides may be associated with impaired cognitive function.
A Mayo Clinic case study validates teleconcussion as a useful means to assess concussed patients in rural Arizona. The program uses telemedicine technology to bring concussion expertise to underserved areas, addressing the lack of access to neurological expertise in metropolitan areas.
UT Southwestern Medical Center is one of only two academic medical centers in the US to receive a Patient Voice Award and a Summit Award for outstanding patient satisfaction scores. The hospital achieved high levels of excellence in patient care, with recognition for its communication, responsiveness, and pain management.
A new systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that intermediate glucose control is associated with better outcomes in neurocritical care patients, including reduced mortality and improved recovery. This challenges the conventional approach of tight glycemic control, which may lead to more neurological damage.
The study uses functional MRI to measure brain activity and identifies a precise statistical relationship between brain structure and visual representation. This breakthrough can guide efforts to restore vision using neural prosthetics.
Widespread telestroke adoption could provide optimal care to more Canadians, but current usage is limited. Research shows improved outcomes and cost savings in provinces like Alberta, where telestroke ensured rural patients received tPA at the same rate as those treated in larger centres.
Two outstanding studies won top honors at the Canadian Stroke Congress, one discovering brain recovery abilities after stroke and another developing a diagnostic tool predicting clinical outcomes. The studies aim to improve treatment decisions and patient care.
A Mayo Clinic study confirms the effectiveness of smartphone teleradiology applications in evaluating stroke patients in remote settings. The study shows high agreement (92-100%) among reviewers on critical radiological features, paving the way for telemedicine expansion.
Emergency medicine residency programs in Canada are underprepared to handle stroke cases, with limited lecture time and on-the-job training devoted to the topic. Researchers found that only two programs required on-the-job training in stroke neurology.
Researchers found dramatic imbalances in bone apposition and reabsorption, reduced marrow fat, and increased platelet counts in sleep-deprived rats. These findings suggest potential medical implications for humans, including poor bone repair and increased risk of osteoporosis.
Dr. Lorne Parnes, a renowned Canadian otolaryngologist, has won the American Academy of Otolaryngology's Distinguished Service Award. He is recognized for his extensive contributions to the field, including pioneering treatments for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and direct drug delivery implementation.
A new study in Neurology questions the validity of a quality measure for stroke care, suggesting that patient decisions may account for up to 40% of hospital deaths within 30 days. The study found that 41% of patients could have been kept alive with continuous medical interventions, effectively reducing mortality rates by 3.2%.
Two multicenter studies show that next-generation clot-removal devices are superior to traditional technology in achieving blood flow restoration and neurological outcomes. The Trevo Retriever outperformed the FDA-approved Merci Retriever, while the Solitaire flow restoration device was more effective than MERCI in removing blood clots.
A study published in Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience found that a therapy combining exercise with the neurovascular protective agent GSNO improved recovery from stroke in a rat model. Exercise alone did not significantly reduce infarct volume, but combined with GSNO, it provided greater functional improvement.
A study published in Archives of Neurology found that patients with stroke admitted on weekends received fewer urgent treatments and had higher mortality rates compared to weekday admissions. The study suggests that hospitals could potentially save hundreds of lives by improving care on weekends.
A new study by Stanford and USC researchers found no significant difference in overall mental abilities between postmenopausal women who took soy supplements and those who didn't. The 2.5-year study also showed a potential gain in visual memory for women taking the supplements, but emphasized the need for further research.
A recent study found that 22% of student athletes who participated in contact sports scored significantly lower in memory and learning skills compared to non-contact sport athletes. The study suggests that repeated head impacts may have a negative impact on cognitive function, but the effects may not be permanent.
Researchers found that brain networks operate at distinct frequencies, similar to clocks ticking at different speeds. This 'temporal structure' may offer new insights into psychiatric conditions like depression and schizophrenia.
Aesthetic experience activates brain regions associated with inward contemplation and self-assessment, according to NYU researchers. The study's findings suggest that artistic appeal may be universally experienced, despite individual differences.
Researchers uncover two distinct cell types in the inferior temporal cortex that respond differently to familiar and novel objects. Excitatory neurons fire rapidly at initial encounters, while inhibitory neurons maintain activity over a wider timeframe, driving learning and reorganization.
Researchers found that the insular cortex, linked to social preferences and altruism, plays a key role in egalitarian behavior. The study provides neural support for Adam Smith's 'theory of moral sentiments' and suggests a broader view of morality as connected to environmental relationships.
A recent study found that depression is common among stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients, with nearly two-thirds of them not receiving treatment. The study suggests that brain injury and vascular risk factors may contribute to the development of depression in these patients.
Researchers from Tuebingen identified two brain areas, V3A and V6, that compare eye movements with visual signals on the retina to correctly perceive objects in motion. These areas enable us to distinguish between self-induced and external movements, allowing us to navigate our environment effectively.
Researchers found that listening to sentences with textural metaphors activates the parietal operculum, a region associated with sensing texture through touch. This suggests that our brains use sensory experiences to understand metaphorical language.
Researchers recommend a stop-and-go approach to balance oxaliplatin dose with neurological side effects, maximizing effectiveness while minimizing harm. Supplements such as calcium and magnesium may mitigate drug damage, improving patient outcomes.
Cedars-Sinai neurology researchers present research updates at the International Stroke Conference, including the use of therapeutic cooling to reduce neurological damage after stroke. Thrombin leaks into healthy brain cells after ischemic stroke, but injecting a drug to counter its effects can improve symptoms.
A study found that the human brain's ability to process information is the dominant limiting factor for exponentially growing internet data. The distribution of internet files shows a Weber-Fechner law, where the total amount of information grows slower than our ability to handle it.
A study analyzing hospitalization data in the United States found that children with neurological impairment (NI) account for a significant proportion of inpatient resources. The impact of these children is growing within children's hospitals, necessitating a coordinated approach to ensure their needs are met.
The 2011 revision of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) was published to guide consistent classification of spinal cord injuries. The new guidelines improve data reliability for clinical care and research studies.
A Cedars-Sinai study reveals that a normal protein involved in blood clotting can harm healthy brain cells after an ischemic stroke. The researchers will investigate the source of this protein and its interactions with other molecules to develop new treatments for stroke patients.
A study published in Human Brain Mapping found that damaged corpus callosum and impaired interhemispheric communication hinder motor skill recovery in stroke patients. The researchers used imaging methods to show increased activity on both sides of the brain and lower tapping speed in stroke patients compared to healthy controls.
A study published in Archives of Neurology found that breast cancer survivors who received chemotherapy demonstrated reduced activation in key brain areas and poorer executive function. The researchers also discovered that negative effects of chemotherapy may be exacerbated by factors such as age and educational level.
A study published at the American Heart Association scientific sessions found that delays in therapeutic hypothermia and return of spontaneous circulation significantly worsen neurologic outcomes. Caregivers with a thorough understanding of post-cardiac arrest neurologic states can better manage patients at discharge.
Researchers used lucid dreamers to analyze brain activity during dreaming and found activation in regions relevant to movement planning. The study confirms that dreams are not passive observations but involve brain activity associated with the dream content.
A new study found that Telestroke technology provides high-quality care for rural patients, administering stroke drug tPA at the same rate as urban centers. Effective use of Telestroke resulted in a 50% decrease in emergency room transfers and $1 million in health-care savings over four years.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that oxaliplatin, a widely used chemotherapy drug for colorectal cancer, causes permanent nerve damage in some patients. A new study suggests using simple skin biopsies to track nerve cell degeneration and develop new treatments to prevent or slow the damage.
A literature review suggests that some stroke patients can receive treatment beyond the standard 3-hour window, with brain cells remaining structurally intact and potentially revivable if normal blood flow is restored. This finding could enable doctors to provide better patient care by considering the 'tissue window' rather than just time
Scientists have found that nanoparticles can cause brain injury in fish, leading to the formation of vacuoles and nerve cell death. The results may influence policy regulations on environmental protection and human safety.
Researchers found that babies' brain activity changes from non-specific 'neuronal bursts' to localized activity in specific areas of the brain, indicating they can perceive painful stimulation as separate from touch. This shift may occur around 35-37 weeks gestation.
Researchers found that visual processing also activates the same parts of the brain involved in touch sensations, allowing computers to accurately predict which object is being viewed. This connection enables a 'mind's touch,' where memories of tactile experiences are replayed when viewing corresponding visual images.
Flushing out antibodies in people with E. coli infection improves symptoms significantly, according to The Lancet article. Immunoadsorption technique removes circulating immunoglobulins, improving neurological and renal function recovery in patients with severe complications.
A new visual test effectively diagnosed concussions in collegiate athletes, detecting impaired eye movements and rapid eye movements. The King-Devick test, a previously used dyslexia test, was validated as a reliable tool to aid medical professionals and trainers in determining which athletes need to come out of games.
Research suggests that statin cholesterol-lowering medications can lower stroke risk in patients with ischemic strokes. However, patients with hemorrhagic strokes or certain high-risk profiles may not benefit from statins. Further research is needed to understand the optimal use of statins in these cases.
Researchers developed an effective way to pinpoint high-risk patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis using 3-D ultrasound to identify ulcers in the carotid arteries. The study found that three or more ulcers indicated a high risk of stroke and benefited from intervention.
A new study found that people associate small numbers with short time intervals and large numbers with longer intervals, indicating a brain-wide connection. This association affects how individuals perceive time, with larger numbers leading to slower time perception.
Researchers create a chip that connects neurons with electronics, enabling them to study complex neural networks and their behavior. The device reveals patterns in bigger networks of neurons, showing hierarchical structures and suggesting new approaches for artificial intelligence and neurology.
Researchers propose a new field of microbial endocrinology linking probiotics to neurological function. Studies show that neurochemicals produced by gut microbes can influence behavior and immune response. Probiotic intestinal microbiota may deliver beneficial effects through direct uptake from the gut.
Researchers found that humans experience the Motion Aftereffect, even with brief background motion, due to neural processes in the brain. The study reveals a rapid motion adaptation that occurs every time we see moving objects, but its purpose remains unknown.
Thurston worked with Dr. Nader Sanai to create a detailed Gantt chart, compressing the project timeline from five to three years and reducing expenses. The gift agreement includes financial incentives, motivating Dr. Sanai to achieve specific goals on a quarterly basis.
Researchers developed an iPhone application that can diagnose stroke with high accuracy, using noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) and CT angiogram head scans. The technology allows doctors to analyze images in real-time from anywhere, providing critical access to specialists.
A new study uses creative engineering to unravel brain mechanisms associated with self-consciousness, identifying the TPJ as critical for self-location and first-person perspective. The research found that brain damage interfering with multisensory body information may lead to pathological changes in these subjective states.
A Mayo Clinic case study finds Botox effective in treating disabling low cerebrospinal fluid headaches. The patient's headaches improved significantly after receiving Botox treatments, allowing her to live a more normal life.
A new approach to studying the brain uses a mathematical sequence to strengthen fMRI data, revealing how nerve cells represent information. This method measures changes in brain responses and corrects an important limitation of fMRI, making it more powerful than before.
A study by researchers at New York University found overlapping neurological mechanisms between goal-directed actions and habitual behaviors. The findings suggest that the brain's systems for different behaviors are more intertwined than previously thought, paving the way for addressing addiction and similar maladies.
A new clinical prediction rule has been developed to predict a patient's chances of walking independently after a spinal cord injury, with accuracy exceeding 95%. The model uses a combination of age and four neurological test results, providing a simple yet effective tool for physicians to counsel patients and their families.
Mayo Clinic researchers confirmed that patients who receive therapeutic hypothermia after resuscitation from cardiac arrest have favorable chances of surviving the event. High NSE levels in the blood were shown to predict poor outcomes in non-hypothermia cases, but elevated levels also occurred in some patients who recovered well.
Researchers found a significant increase in street drug use among stroke patients, from 0.5% to 4.6% between 1993 and 2005. The study, funded by the National Institutes of Health, suggests that street drug use may be contributing to rising stroke incidence among younger age groups.