Articles tagged with Blood Brain Barrier
Research at Karolinska Institutet reveals the glymphatic system malfunctions during bacterial meningitis, causing a buildup of toxic garbage that damages brain cells. The study found increased signs of neuroinflammation and neuronal damage in rats infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae.
A study reveals that four nonexcitatory amino acids can cause irreversible brain destruction after a stroke or traumatic brain injury. The amino acids flood the brain cells, leading to swelling and cell death.
Researchers at Buck Institute discover that blood-brain barrier cells influence neuron function and can cause problems rather than just being protective. This finding opens up new avenues for therapies targeting neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
A new study demonstrates that glyphosate successfully crosses the blood-brain barrier and enhances TNF-α levels in mice. The herbicide is linked to increased production of soluble beta amyloid and reduced neuron viability, suggesting potential hazards to neurological health.
A third of COVID-19 patients experience neurological symptoms due to SARS-CoV-2's effect on the central nervous system. Researchers now investigate mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 signaling in the CNS microvasculature with a new NIDA grant.
A new study from UTHealth Houston found that whole blood exchange treatments decreased amyloid plaque formation in mice with Alzheimer's disease-causing amyloid precursor proteins. This approach has the advantage of treating the disease in the circulation instead of the brain, potentially bypassing the blood-brain barrier.
Researchers have developed a molecule that uses nanotechnology, chemotherapy and a monoclonal antibody to target glioblastoma multiforme, the most aggressive type of brain cancer. The treatment showed promise in isolated cells and animal models, with significant reductions in tumor volume and no increased toxicity.
A novel BRAF inhibitor, C1a, has been developed to cross the blood-brain barrier and treat melanoma brain metastasis. The study found that C1a triggered robust responses in patient-derived models and outperformed approved BRAF inhibitors, achieving significant increases in survival rates.
A new study published in Nature reveals that a small population of neurons near the base of the brain can induce symptoms of sickness, including fever, appetite loss, and warm seeking behavior. The researchers found these neurons have receptors capable of directly detecting molecular signals from the immune system.
Researchers will track changes in the blood-brain barrier, neurovascular function, and cognition in over 850 participants with genetic variants at risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. The study aims to improve understanding of the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease and identify effective interventions.
A team of MIT researchers has developed drug-carrying nanoparticles that can efficiently penetrate the brain and kill glioblastoma cells. Using a human tissue model, they showed that the particles could get into tumors and deliver chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, which effectively killed tumor cells.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine developed a nanoparticle-based inhibitor that successfully triggers the immune system to eliminate brain tumors in mouse models. The approach breaks the shield built by glioma cells around the immune system, allowing the immune cells to attack and delay tumor progression.
Researchers at Keck School of Medicine of USC are testing the efficacy of 3K3A-APC as a cerebroprotectant to reduce brain bleeds in acute ischemic stroke patients. The experimental drug has shown promising results in Phase 2 clinical trials, reducing incidence of brain hemorrhage by nearly 20%.
A novel preclinical drug has been developed to inhibit the kinase enzyme Cdk5, which is implicated in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions. The drug, 25-106, is brain-permeable and shows promise in altering neurobehavior in mice with anxiety-like behavior.
Researchers at Universitat Politècnica de València have developed 3D-printed acoustic holograms that can open the blood-brain barrier, allowing for precise administration of therapeutic drugs to treat Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The technology enables controlled focusing of ultrasonic beams on specific brain structures.
Researchers have identified a potential method of preventing damaging seizure activity by restoring the integrity of blood vessels in the brain. This breakthrough could hold promise for treating patients who are currently non-responsive to anti-seizure medications.
A study published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports suggests that damage to the blood-brain barrier is the determining cause of Alzheimer's disease. The Lipid Invasion Model proposes that lipids entering the brain due to barrier damage lead to brain shrinkage, amyloid plaques, and tau tangles, characteristic of the disease.
Researchers at Institut Pasteur discovered a mechanism that enables infected cells to evade immune responses and infect the brain, leading to life-long persistence of bacteria. This finding has implications for understanding other intracellular pathogens and developing new therapeutic strategies.
Yale researchers have developed an antibody that can temporarily open the blood-brain barrier, allowing therapeutic drugs to reach diseased brains. This breakthrough has significant implications for treating neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's and multiple sclerosis.
The blood-brain barrier is regulated by a signaling pathway involving vitronectin and integrin α5, which inhibits transcytosis and maintains barrier integrity. The findings offer insights into the microenvironment's role in maintaining the barrier's permeability.
Researchers found that brains from patients with Alzheimer's disease had higher levels of the protein Fli-1 and fewer pericytes lining their smallest blood vessels, leading to leakage. Blocking Fli-1 improved memory in mice, suggesting a promising new approach to treating the disease.
A team of researchers from MIT created a comprehensive atlas of cerebrovascular cells in human brain tissue, identifying 11 subtypes and their functions. The study reveals differences between healthy and diseased cells, potentially leading to new targets for treating Huntington's disease.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital developed a safe and effective strategy to treat glioblastoma using short bursts of radiation therapy and nanoparticle-based immunotherapy. The combined approach suppresses tumor growth, induces anti-tumor immunity, and prolongs survival in animal models.
A new study by WVU researcher William Walker found that the blood-brain barrier is dynamic and more receptive to chemotherapy at night. This could lead to better treatment outcomes for patients with brain metastasis.
A UC researcher is leading three projects to study the genetic workings of deadly pediatric brain tumors, including DIPG. The goal is to understand how genes regulate blood vessels and develop more effective treatments. Researchers are also exploring a new drug that targets a specific genetic mutation.
A green Mediterranean diet rich in polyphenols and low in red and processed meat may slow age-related brain atrophy. The DIRECT PLUS 18-month trial found significant attenuation of brain atrophy among participants who adhered to both diets.
Researchers found gender-specific brain alterations in people with depression, including altered blood-brain barriers in women. They also identified a potential depression biomarker in women's blood samples.
A noninvasive diagnostic method, sonobiopsy, has been developed to detect brain tumors with improved sensitivity. The method uses focused ultrasound to target tumors and injects microbubbles that release biomarkers into the bloodstream.
A gene-silencing therapy harnessing nanoparticles called small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) for drug delivery has protected against Zika virus transmission in pregnant mice to the mouse fetuses. The treatment reduced fetal neurological damage, including virus-induced brain shrinkage.
Researchers have demonstrated the effectiveness of polymer-coated nanoparticles in delivering drugs to the brain, overcoming the blood-brain barrier challenge. The study showed that zwitterionic polymers improve accessibility but are rapidly absorbed by blood vessel walls.
Researchers at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre have successfully delivered antibody therapy to breast cancer metastases in the brain using focused ultrasound. The treatment, which temporarily opens the blood-brain barrier, has shown promising results with tumor size reductions of up to 21% in patients.
Researchers at TTUHSC have identified novel targets for treating stroke, focusing on enhancing neurolysin activity. The study discovered small molecules that can selectively enhance the activity of neurolysin, which showed promise in reducing damage to the brain after a stroke.
Researchers at WVU will explore how a specific enzyme protects the brain from stroke effects and aging. Their findings may indicate a potential target for medications improving brain blood vessel function after a stroke.
Scientists at City of Hope and Griffith University developed a novel anti-HIV protein called ZPAMt that can suppress HIV levels in the bone marrow, spleen, and brain of mice. The protein is delivered using exosomes, nanosized parts of cells that can reach difficult-to-access areas of the body.
Researchers at UC Berkeley found that tumors release chemicals compromising the blood-brain barrier, leading to inflammation and tissue wasting. Blocking these chemicals could extend life span and improve health for cancer patients, reducing the need for toxic drugs.
A study by University of Copenhagen researchers reveals that nanoparticles can target venules, not capillaries, to deliver drugs to the brain. The breakthrough allows for more efficient and safer therapeutic approaches to treat neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Researchers found that metal-based nanomaterials like silver and zinc oxide can cross an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier, affecting astrocyte cells and potentially leading to neurotoxicity. The study's discovery could help design safer nanomaterials and target brain diseases.
A meta-analysis of 14 studies found that ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers may confer the greatest benefit to long-term cognition. These medications, which cross the blood-brain barrier, were associated with improved memory recall in older adults with hypertension.
Researchers at Keck School of Medicine of USC identified APOE4 as associated with the activation of an inflammatory protein that causes a breakdown in the blood-brain barrier, leading to cognitive decline and memory problems. The study suggests a potential treatment targeting this pathway could slow down or prevent cognitive decline in...
A study by Penn researchers found that people with schizophrenia have a compromised blood-brain barrier, allowing the immune system to improperly influence the central nervous system. This inflammation contributes to the condition's symptoms. The findings may also apply to other mental disorders.
A new study has found that people with cerebral small vessel disease who have blood-brain barrier leakage have more brain tissue damage over two years than those with less leakage. The study also found a higher leakage rate at the start of the study resulted in more loss of tissue microstructure around brain lesions.
A recent review of 150 articles suggests that a small leak in the blood-brain barrier is associated with benign forgetfulness of aging, which could be an early stage of Alzheimer's disease. Researchers also found that preserving pericyte function may lead to a healthier blood-brain barrier and potentially treat Alzheimer's.
A Northwestern University team developed an experimental drug that crosses the blood-brain barrier and triggers death of tumor cells. The spherical nucleic acid (SNA) drug has shown promise for treating other neurological diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
A new radiology research study suggests that focused ultrasound treatment may induce an immunological healing response in Alzheimer's patients, and open the blood-brain barrier. The treatment targets the hippocampus, which plays a large role in learning and memory.
Researchers found that a blood-clotting protein called fibrinogen promotes the clustering of cancerous B cells at sites where there is a leak in the blood-brain barrier, leading to tumor growth in the brain. Fibrinogen may be targeted as a potential treatment for central nervous system B-cell lymphoma.
A study from Columbia University suggests that cells used to study the human blood-brain barrier in labs aren't what they seem. The researchers discovered a possible way to correct the error, raising hopes for creating a more accurate model for studying certain neurological diseases and developing drugs.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have made a groundbreaking discovery about malaria, showing that the parasite can cross the blood-brain barrier using a mechanism employed by immune cells. This breakthrough provides new insights into the disease process behind cerebral malaria and its severe neurological consequences.
A study published in Nature Neuroscience found that SARS-CoV-2's spike protein can cross the blood-brain barrier, suggesting the virus can enter the brain. This could explain many COVID-19 complications, including cognitive effects like brain fog and fatigue.
Researchers from Cleveland Clinic note that COVID-19 can affect the central nervous system, causing disorders such as ischemic stroke, encephalitis, and epileptic seizures. The virus enters the brain through the blood-brain barrier or nasal cavity, triggering a cytokine storm that leads to inflammation and damage.
A synthetic protein nanoparticle has been developed that can deliver cancer-killing drugs directly to malignant brain tumors. In a study, the treatment led to long-term survival in seven out of eight mice with glioblastoma, with no signs of regrowing tumor cells.
A study by Virginia Tech researchers reveals that astrocytes are crucial for maintaining the blood-brain barrier's health. The finding has significant implications for understanding and treating neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and traumatic brain injury.
A new study details the damaging role of the immune system in a severe brain condition caused by herpes simplex virus. Researchers have identified specific immune cells and a signalling protein that induce brain inflammation, paving the way for targeted treatments.
Researchers used 3D brain organoids to model inflammation's effect on the blood-brain barrier, finding significant changes that contribute to its dysfunction. The study suggests these organoids can help understand disease mechanisms and optimize treatment strategies.
Biomedical engineers at Tufts University created nanoparticles that incorporate neurotransmitters to deliver therapeutic drugs and gene editing proteins across the blood-brain barrier. The innovation could overcome current limitations in delivering therapeutics into the central nervous system.
Researchers propose that elevated pulse pressure in blood traveling to the brain can cause inflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular dysfunction, leading to brain damage and cognitive decline. The study suggests reducing elevated pulse pressure could prove synergistic with other therapeutic approaches to treat dementia.
A new study reveals how APOE4 triggers leaks in the brain's plumbing system, allowing toxic substances to seep into areas responsible for memory encoding and cognitive functions. The damage is linked to future problems in learning and memory, even when Alzheimer's signature sticky plaques have not appeared.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that microglia can both protect and damage the blood-brain barrier, depending on the level of systemic inflammation. The researchers used fluorescent labeling and two-photon imaging to study the interactions between microglia and the blood-brain barrier.
Researchers discovered EphA2 protein plays a crucial role in cerebral malaria by disrupting blood-brain barrier, leading to leaky brain and deadly symptoms. Blocking EphA2 with drugs may prevent disease in humans, offering hope for alleviating this condition.
Scientists successfully deliver powerful glioblastoma drug paclitaxel into brain tumors in mice using an implantable ultrasound. The new formulation uses albumin instead of toxic cremophor, reducing brain toxicity. This technology has shown to increase drug concentrations by five-fold and prolong survival of brain tumor-bearing mice.
Researchers have discovered that drugs targeting brain inflammation can reverse cognitive decline in aged mice by reducing the 'fog' of inflammatory load. This breakthrough offers a potential new treatment for dementia and age-related diseases, with two biomarkers identified to flag people with blood-brain barrier problems.