Articles tagged with Pigs
A recent study found that ancient pigs in Europe lost their Near Eastern genetic signature due to hybridization with European wild boar. This suggests that pig management in Europe was extensive and that artificial selection had a limited impact on the development of modern European commercial pigs.
Mosquitoes have evolved to specialize in humans, recognizing distinct human odors through a complex blend of compounds. Researchers study the behavior, genetics, and brain structure of disease-carrying mosquitoes to understand this specialization.
Researchers developed video games to test disease control and prevention strategies, finding that a small shift in risk attitudes can significantly impact disease incidence. The model suggests that changing farmer behavior could make dramatic impacts on avoiding devastating outbreaks.
Researchers have used a new imaging method to analyze brain activity in live pigs, discovering that pig brains are better platforms for studying human neurological conditions. The study suggests a promising approach to determining biomarkers or brain signatures that lead to CTE diagnosis while patients are still alive.
Scientists have successfully derived Expanded Potential Stem Cells (EPSCs) from both pig and human cells, offering new opportunities to study human development and regenerative medicine. These EPSCs possess developmental potency, enabling researchers to investigate pregnancy complications and develop treatments for diseases.
A recent archaeological discovery in Barbados sheds new light on the island's early European settlement, revealing a previously undetected historic peccary introduction. The findings suggest that Europeans altered New World environments by introducing non-native species, contradicting accepted colonial history.
A rapidly expanding invasive species, wild pigs are threatening Canada's environment and agriculture. The species has spread across the country, from British Columbia to Ontario and Quebec, causing significant risks to farming and livestock production.
A new vaccine has been shown to be effective in preventing African Swine Fever in wild boar, with 92% protection rate. The vaccine can also pass on immunity via contact with infected animals, offering a potential solution to the spread of this deadly disease.
Researchers have identified cranberry oligosaccharides as potential anti-adhesive compounds that could help prevent UTIs. These complex carbohydrates were detected in the urine of pigs fed dried cranberry powder and showed activity against E. coli bacteria.
The study aims to explore the differences between B cells and antibody-secreting cells in accessible and inaccessible tissues, which may impact autoimmunity, transplant rejection, and resistance to infections. The researchers will analyze tissue samples from 90-100 donors over five years.
A groundbreaking experiment has successfully restored some functions and structures in donated pig brains for up to four hours after they were butchered. The result challenges the notion that mammalian brains are fully and irreversibly damaged by a lack of oxygen, raising questions about when to save patients and organs.
Researchers found grains of barley and wheat on the Aland Islands and in Sweden, dating back 4,300-5,300 years. The discovery suggests that small-scale farming was adopted by the Pitted Ware Culture from farmers of the Funnel Beaker Culture.
A study by Cardiff University reveals that people and animals traveled extensive distances to participate in prehistoric feasting rituals near Stonehenge. The research found that pigs were sourced from locations as far away as Scotland and North East England.
A study of pig remains around Stonehenge henge complexes reveals large-scale human movement across Britain during the Late Neolithic period. The findings suggest that feasts at these sites drew people and animals from throughout the country.
Scientists have designed a pacemaker that harnesses the energy of heartbeats to regulate heart rhythm. The device was successfully tested in pigs and shows promise for creating a self-powered cardiac pacemaker.
A study published in PLoS ONE found that the type of pen a pig is shown in significantly affects how it is perceived by consumers. Straw bedding is rated as more natural and animal-friendly than concrete floors. The results suggest that even happy or sad expressions do not change perceptions of well-being.
A University of Illinois study characterizes the chemical composition of fiber in rice and rice coproducts, which could lead to diet interventions for improved digestibility. The primary carbohydrates found were arabinoxylans, with varying ratios between arabinose and xylose influencing functionality.
Listeria contamination in fattening pig feed can cause severe illness and death, researchers warn. A study found that anaerobic ensilaging conditions can suppress bacterial growth, highlighting the importance of proper feeding procedures.
Researchers from North Carolina State University have developed an algorithm that can predict porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) outbreaks with approximately 80% accuracy. The algorithm uses weekly farm-level incidence data, including animal movements and environmental factors, to identify neighborhoods at high risk of PEDV spread.
Researchers developed genetically modified pigs resistant to classical swine fever virus using CRISPR/Cas9 and RNA interference. These tansgenic pigs can effectively limit CSFV replication and reduce disease severity, with stable transmission to offspring.
A study found that face mask use significantly reduces the likelihood of finding drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in hog farm workers' nasal swabs. Household members of consistent face mask users also showed a significant reduction in bacterial colonization.
The UFZ model suggests that managing isolated outbreaks of African swine fever requires swift action, including the removal of 20% of dead wild boars to control virus spread. The model also recommends establishing a central core zone and buffer zone to prevent further spread, highlighting the importance of fast response times.
Researchers at the University of Illinois successfully converted wet biowaste into a diesel-compatible fuel using hydrothermal liquification. The new process meets current standards for diesel fuel and produces similar pollutant emissions to regular diesel.
A new study conducted by researchers at the University of Copenhagen has shown that faeces transplantation can significantly reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in pigs born prematurely. The treatment involves transferring faeces from healthy donor pigs to the rectal opening, resulting in a 75% decrease in NEC cases...
Researchers analyzed over 57,000 publications on swine pathogens from 1966 to 2016, revealing emerging infectious diseases with increased research funding priority. Global networks of swine pathogen research were also mapped, showing regional collaboration patterns and colonial relationships.
Researchers at MU have successfully produced a litter of pigs genetically resistant to a deadly porcine virus by means of gene editing. The pigs lack the enzyme ANPEP, which is necessary for an infection, and were not infected when exposed to the TGEV virus.
A new report in the American Journal of Pathology demonstrates a link between prenatal inflammation and postnatal immune status and organ function in preterm pigs. Prenatal exposure to bacterial endotoxin induced acute fetal lung and gut immune responses, followed by systemic inflammation after birth.
Researchers at Kansas State University's Biosecurity Research Institute are studying African swine fever to prevent a potential US outbreak. The virus has already spread throughout Asia and Eastern Europe, threatening the global swine industry.
Researchers developed new electrophysiology techniques to study the pig hippocampus, confirming features comparable to rodents and non-human primates. This breakthrough establishes pigs as a promising preclinical research model for traumatic brain injury and epilepsy.
A new study has developed highly sensitive and specific assays to detect infectious agents in pigs, a crucial step towards ensuring the safety of xenotransplantation. The assays were validated on over 300 pig specimens and showed promising results, suggesting they can identify potential pathogens in donor pigs.
A study by CIRAD researchers found that Japanese encephalitis circulates as intensely in Phnom Penh, Cambodia's capital, as it does in rural areas. Vaccinating children remains the best way to protect humans, while vaccinating sows and controlling mosquitoes can reduce virus circulation.
Researchers found that juvenile pigs' mucosal environment can stimulate repair of intestinal injuries in newborn piglets. The study aims to understand why humans and other young animals have trouble repairing these injuries, with potential implications for treatments.
Researchers found JE virus infection rates similar in rural and peri-urban pigs in Cambodia, with potential implications for vaccination strategies. The study's findings suggest that JE virus circulation is intense in both settings, highlighting the need for updated recommendations.
Researchers developed a wearable and implantable device that measures electrophysiological signals and applies electrical and thermal stimulations. It was successfully used on a human wrist to monitor the electrical activity of heart and muscles.
Researchers at UTMB have developed a method to bioengineer human lungs in a lab, without any medical complications. The study used a support scaffold made from lung proteins and successfully transplanted them into adult pigs, with the animals surviving for several months post-transplant.
Researchers found that liquid hog manure increases water infiltration depth into cracking clay soils, but not beyond 39 inches. This discovery suggests not all clay-rich soils behave the same, and knowledge gaps remain about soil water flow in vertisols, especially with organic additions.
Mangabey monkeys scavenge on nuts cracked by chimpanzees and hogs, accessing food sources not available otherwise. This behavior suggests elevated vigilance among mangabeys at these sites, potentially due to perceived predation risk.
Engineers at the University of Houston are developing nanoparticles loaded with antibiotics to reduce dosages and prevent microbiome damage. The study, supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, aims to find alternative methods to combat antibiotic resistance.
A new study from the University of Illinois provides information on the effects of rice bran on growth performance and carcass quality of growing-finishing pigs. The results show that including 30% full-fat rice bran in diets improves gain-to-feed ratio without affecting carcass characteristics or meat quality.
Scientists have created gene-edited pigs that resist Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) by removing a section of the CD163 receptor. The research shows that these pigs do not become infected with the virus, which causes significant economic losses in the pig industry.
Researchers found that pigs can ferment fiber in their hindgut without a decrease in efficiency up to 30% inclusion rate. The energy utilization from high-fiber diets is mainly affected by faster passage through the digestive tract, rather than fermentation capacity.
Genetically modified pigs have been shown to digest key nutrients in their feed, reducing environmental impact. The study found that these pigs can absorb more nitrogen and phosphorus from their grains, lowering emissions and improving feed efficiency.
Researchers have generated tools to understand the pig immune system's killer T cell responses to influenza, allowing for the design of more effective vaccines. The breakthrough research uses a unique line of pigs and can be applied to other important pig diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease and African swine fever.
A new pig virus, porcine deltacoronavirus, has been found to be transmitted to humans and other species through cellular receptors. Researchers have confirmed the virus's ability to bind to cells in pigs and other animals, raising concerns about its potential to cause disease.
A Stanford-led study reveals high levels of tapeworm infection among school-age children in China, which can cause cognitive deficits and epilepsy. The researchers propose solutions to reduce infections and improve education outcomes, including community education and medication distribution.
Researchers successfully grafted induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural precursor cells into the spinal cords of genetically identical adult pigs, eliminating the need for immunosuppression measures. The grafted cells survived long-term and displayed differentiated functionality without causing tumors.
A genetic 'dial' controlling body size has been discovered in pigs, with decreased size observed at varying levels of gene expression. The study found that pigs with normal gene expression were average-sized, while those with one copy expressed had a 25% reduction and those without any expressed had a 75% reduction.
Research published in Occupational & Environmental Medicine found that adults living closer to farms had lower rates of allergic sensitization, with proximity to pigs and cattle being particularly significant. Long-term exposure to farm environments was also associated with reduced allergy risk.
A recent study by University of Guam researcher Ann Marie Gawel suggests that feral pigs might be an unlikely forest ally in regenerating native plant species on the island. Pigs were found to have a positive impact on seed dispersal in limestone karst forests, whereas deer had negative effects.
The study published in Stroke demonstrates that neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (NSC EVs) improved tissue and functional recovery in pigs following ischemic stroke. The results also showed NSC EV treatment was neuroprotective, eliminated intracranial hemorrhage, and improved behavior and mobility.
A new coronavirus identified in bats is linked to the devastating death of nearly 25,000 piglets in China. The virus, named SADS-CoV, does not infect humans and was contained through swift action by farmers.
A team of scientists has established a pig model of Huntington's disease using genetic engineering technology, offering a practical way to test treatments. The pig model closely matches human symptoms and provides advantages over existing mouse models in terms of size and delivery of treatments.
Researchers found that soy-derived isoflavones and saponins have anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant effects on pigs. These compounds promote growth and help pigs recover faster from PRRSV infection.
African swine fever virus may survive in feed ingredients, posing a significant risk to the U.S. swine industry. Researchers are working to understand this risk and develop mitigation tools to prevent the virus from being introduced through feed.
A study found that prenatal choline intake increases grey and white matter in piglets' brains. Piglets from mothers with sufficient choline had higher concentrations of grey and white matter, while those from deficient mothers had smaller brain regions.
A study found that iron-deficient piglets exhibit reduced iron content and structural deficiencies in key brain regions, including the hippocampus. After iron supplementation, these deficits persisted, highlighting the long-lasting impact of early-life iron deficiency on brain development.
Researchers have developed tiny capsules that can sustain transplanted insulin-producing cells, increasing their viability and function. The capsules contain a drug that improves cell survival in low-oxygen conditions.
A new study found that farmed fish and shrimp convert protein and calories in feed to edible products at rates similar to livestock. Researchers assessed feed composition, feed conversion ratios, and nutritional content to provide a more complete understanding of feed efficiency across species.
Research at the University of Illinois found that copper hydroxychloride improves growth performance and reduces diarrhea in weanling pigs. The supplement also shows less frequent and severe diarrhea, with improved final body weight and daily feed intake.
A study found that prebiotics in infant formula can enhance memory and exploratory behavior in piglets, suggesting a potential link between gut health and brain development. The researchers also discovered changes in volatile fatty acid concentrations and serotonin levels in the brains of pigs fed with prebiotic supplements.