Articles tagged with Asia
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
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Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The study reconstructs the movement of southwest Japan from the Cretaceous to the Cenozoic era using paleomagnetic analysis. The researchers found that southwest Japan experienced two clockwise rotations, indicating tectonic rotations during the Paleogene and Neogene periods.
Researchers reconstructed Mongolia's temperature history using a new tree ring analysis method, confirming record-breaking summer warmth over the past eight centuries. The study supports the delta blue intensity method and enhances climate projections, highlighting the urgent need to address Central Asia's rapid warming.
Researchers found Philippine Negrito ethnic group, Ayta Magbukon, possess the highest level of Denisovan ancestry in the world. Their Denisovan DNA is up to 46% greater than that of Australians and Papuans.
New research reveals Bronze Age farmers in China prioritized cattle for their diets, utilizing byproducts like millet stalks for feed. This approach differs from other regions, where cows were raised closer to human settlements.
Paleobotanists describe two new genera of ancient conifers based on beautifully preserved fossil seed cones from the Upper Cretaceous of Hokkaido, Japan. The discovery sheds light on the diversity and decline of cunninghamioid conifers during the Cretaceous period.
Researchers developed a 'site-specific' strategy to improve cereal yields in Nepalese smallholder farms, outperforming traditional generalized approaches. The Nutrient Expert system uses machine learning to identify crop-specific nutrient requirements, optimizing yield and resource efficiency.
A study from the University of York found pregnant women in South East Asia are more likely to use smokeless tobacco than non-pregnant women. This increased risk is associated with poor birth outcomes. The findings highlight the need for awareness-raising campaigns and preventive interventions among low socio-economic status women.
New study reveals Sulawesi Babblers have diversified rapidly over a short period of time due to their understorey lifestyle, changing genetically, physically and behaviorally. The research suggests that these birds can evolve quickly even in relatively small geographic areas.
A study estimated the amount of carbon emitted from biomass burning in Equatorial Asia during 2015, using high-precision observations from a commercial passenger aircraft and a cargo ship. The estimated emissions were around 273 Tg C, comparable to Japan's annual CO2 emissions.
Glaciers in High Mountain Asia are strong sources of carbon, with cryoconite holes emitting CH4 and CO2. Proglacial river runoff can mitigate these effects, but more research is needed to understand the impact on the carbon cycle.
Forest clearance in Southeast Asia has accelerated, with over 400 million metric tons of carbon released into the atmosphere each year. The region's mountain forests are being cleared at increasingly higher altitudes and on steeper slopes for agricultural intensification, posing a significant threat to biodiversity and climate change.
A study of LGB Vietnam-era veterans found that those who identify as LGBTQ+ experience a higher burden of traumatic events, including childhood abuse and assault, which contribute to poor mental health outcomes. The study suggests that early life traumas may interact with military service experiences in complex ways.
A global study found that abnormal hot and cold temperatures cause over 9.43% of global deaths, with most deaths caused by cold exposure. The study revealed geographic differences in temperature-related mortality, with Eastern Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa having the highest heat and cold-related excess death rates.
Researchers have discovered two ancient bat fossil teeth in Asia, dating back to the Eocene epoch and pushing the evolutionary record for bats on that continent back by 55 million years. The findings suggest that bats may have originated in Asia before spreading globally, but the exact characteristics of these early bats remain unclear.
A joint research team led by Prof. FU Qiaomei has sequenced the ancient genomes of 31 individuals from southern East Asia, unveiling a missing piece of human prehistory. The study reveals three genetically distinct ancestries in southern East Asia and Southeast Asia: Fujian ancestry, Hòabìnhian ancestry, and Guangxi ancestry.
A University of Guam study highlights the importance of traditional practices in conserving endangered species like the Marianas fruit bat and Micronesian cycad. The research found that restoring these species could also restore traditional Chamoru practices, improving food security and biodiversity in the region.
A study published in Geophysical Research Letters found that anthropogenic forcing has increased drought risk in Southeast Asia, with more frequent and widespread droughts over the past six decades. The region's biodiversity is also threatened due to water scarcity issues exacerbated by climate change.
A new species of Paraceratherium has been discovered in China, shedding light on the dispersal of giant rhinos across Asia. The study found that the giant rhino could disperse freely from the Mongolian Plateau to South Asia along the eastern coast of the Tethys Ocean and perhaps through Tibet.
Researchers have identified untapped genetic diversity in Vietnamese rice varieties that can provide a source of novel genes for improving agronomic traits. This discovery has the potential to develop 'Green Super Rice' that is more resilient to extreme weather conditions and suitable for growing on marginal lands.
Researchers analyzed ancient DNA from 25 humans, revealing that the population dynamics between 40,000-9.5 ka were influenced by Ice Age climatic fluctuations. The study provides evidence for an Asian-specific variant associated with anthropogenic traits.
Urban megaprojects have severe implications for environmental processes, disrupting urban water flows, biodiversity, and flood regimes. The study's findings emphasize the need for community involvement and funders' accountability to ensure sustainable development.
UNIST has partnered with Aramco Asia Korea and MIDAM Scholarship Foundation to provide coding programs to underprivileged students in Ulsan. The program aims to bridge the educational gap in computer science among elementary and middle school students.
Researchers propose 'stepping stone' migration theory, where migrants used islands in the Bering Transitory Archipelago as a route to cross the Bering Sea. The study suggests that these islands provided a suitable refugium with internal connectivity and outward isolation, allowing for the genetic drift seen in Native American DNA.
Geographers at Heidelberg University created a full inventory of seasonal aufeis fields in the Upper Indus Basin, discovering over 3,700 fields across 300 square kilometers. These natural reservoirs play an essential role in hydrology and climatology, particularly in irrigation and hydropower generation.
A new genus and species of hadrosaur, Yamatosaurus izanagii, has been identified in Japan, revealing insights into the herbivores' migration from Asia to North America. The discovery also highlights an evolutionary step as dinosaurs transitioned from bipedalism to quadrupedalism.
Researchers use genetic analysis to determine tarantulas' ancient ancestry, tracing them to the Americas around 120 million years ago during the Cretaceous period. They found that these spiders were not limited to sedentary burrows, but also exploited ecological niches and displayed surprising dispersal capabilities.
Research highlights human-induced drying trend in Central Asia since 1950s, linked to climate change and air pollution. Enhanced greenhouse gas emissions shift subtropical westerly jet, leading to descending motion and drought.
A new study reveals that domesticated sheep first reached Central Asia around 6000 BCE, challenging the long-held notion of their late arrival to the region. The discovery was made through interdisciplinary analysis of fossil remains and ancient DNA.
Researchers compared four main bird species lists worldwide, finding that they agree on most birds but disagree in some regions. The lists differ by application, and some regions are understudied, leading to missed species. This highlights the need for true diversity recognition to conserve biodiversity.
Researchers found that atmospheric dust particles from the Middle East supercharge the Indian summer monsoon by absorbing solar radiation, heating the atmosphere, and altering wind patterns. This 'elevated heat pump' drives moisture onto the Indian subcontinent, leading to increased precipitation.
A new map of oil palm extent in Southeast Asia provides critical information for policymakers and stakeholders, allowing for sustainable production and forest conservation. The map's high accuracy enables calculations of greenhouse gas emissions and removals, as well as verification of official statistics.
Research estimates that physical inactivity is responsible for up to 8% of non-communicable diseases and deaths globally. The impact per person is greatest in high-income countries, while middle-income countries have the largest population affected by physical inactivity.
Even with limited warming, South Asia will experience deadly heat stress due to population growth and already hot climate conditions. A new study projects nearly tripled heat stress exposure by 2 degrees Celsius of warming.
Researchers found no evidence of interbreeding between modern humans and Denisovans in Island Southeast Asia, but confirmed high levels of Denisovan ancestry in the region. The study suggests that significant genetic exchange occurred between Denisovans and modern humans who arrived in Asia 50,000-60,000 years ago.
Researchers found evidence of malaria in ancient hunter-gatherer skeletons in Vietnam dated to approximately 7000 years ago. This discovery changes the entire understanding of the relationship between humans and malaria, suggesting that the disease was a threat to human groups long before farming.
A new study reveals a significant increase in global twin births, with about 1.6 million twins born each year worldwide. The rate has risen by a third since the 1980s, mainly due to growth in medically assisted reproduction and delayed childbearing.
The study found enormous differences in the availability and use of antibiotics between African and Asian countries, with Asia having more readily available antibiotics. Self-medication is a significant problem, with high rates in some countries, and context plays a crucial role in combating antibiotic resistance.
New research at the UNESCO-listed 'Plain of Jars' in Laos establishes that stone jars were placed in their final position from 1240 to 660 BCE. The study used Optically Stimulated Luminescence and radiocarbon dating to analyze sediment samples, revealing enduring ritual significance across historical times.
Researchers have confirmed that parasites can parasitize newly-recorded snail species in Thailand, posing a risk of food-borne zoonotic diseases. The study highlights the need for further research on the biodiversity and biology of these snails to improve public health understanding.
A University of Oklahoma-led team identified limits in the major greenhouse emission database EDGAR, which underestimates paddy rice methane emissions. The researchers developed annual paddy rice maps to quantify spatial-temporal changes and improve simulations of models estimating methane emission.
Dzharatitanis kingi is a newly discovered sauropod dinosaur from Uzbekistan, the first rebbachisaurid species found in Asia. The fossil discovery sheds light on the diversity of sauropod dinosaurs in Asian continents.
Research integrating genetics and archaeology reveals that diverse East Asians derive ancestry from a shared lineage that split over 40,000 years ago. This ancient lineage contributed to the development of modern languages, including Sino-Tibetan and Japonic families.
Researchers observed two new species of kukri snakes exhibiting the unique behavior of gutting frogs and toads. The snakes tear off organs and swallow them alive for up to a few hours, suggesting an alternative feeding strategy has evolved in their species group.
A team of paleoclimatologists found that a prolonged megadrought in Arid Central Asia hindered human movement and reduced overland travel between eastern and western Central Asia. This climate shift, lasting 640 years from 5820-5180 BP, isolated agricultural regions and delayed cultural exchange along the proto-Silk Road.
A new study analyzes the relationship between the Mongolian cyclone and the South Asian high, finding that their coupling accounts for 66% of seasonal rainfall anomalies in China. The research suggests that enhancing summer rainfall forecast skill in China can be achieved by analyzing these phenomena in the upper-level atmosphere.
A study analyzing primary schools in Hanoi city found that parents often park their motorcycles on streets outside school gates, causing congestion and accidents. The researchers proposed several traffic management measures to improve safety and reduce congestion.
A joint research team revealed that the growth of northern Tibet drastically altered climate and vegetation patterns in East Asia. The study found that increased rainfall allowed unique plants and animal species to evolve in vast numbers, creating a biodiversity hotspot.
New findings published in Science Advances show that northern Tibetan mountain growth increased rainfall, leading to a stable, wet climate conducive to vast plant and animal diversity. The region's biodiversity hotspot, home to rare species like monkeys, tigers, and seals, relies on this unique climate.
The Asia Pacific Consortium on Osteoporosis has launched the first pan-Asia Pacific clinical practice standards for screening, diagnosis, and management of osteoporosis. The standards aim to provide optimal care for high-risk groups and reduce the burden of osteoporosis worldwide.
A recent study published in Science Advances analyzed genomic data from archaeological remains in northeastern Asia, revealing complex migration patterns and disease-related bacteria. The research provides new insights into the demographic history of the region and its connection to the Paleo-Inuit groups.
A modelling study suggests that pregnant women in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, exposed to poor air quality, are at higher risk of stillbirths and miscarriages. The study estimated 349,681 pregnancy losses per year associated with exposure to PM2.5 concentrations exceeding India's air quality standard.
Researchers used tree rings to reconstruct river discharge histories, finding that Asian rivers behave in a coherent pattern with large droughts and pluvial periods often occurring simultaneously. The study's findings have important implications for water management, particularly in countries with multiple river basins.
Researchers are using Cold War spy satellite images to detect environmental changes, including deforestation in Romania and ecological damage from bombs in Vietnam. The study reveals previously unseen changes in the environment and provides new findings on the extent of large-scale deforestation in Romania.
A study found that days with high-profile European football matches are associated with more traffic accidents in Asia. Drivers stay awake late to watch the game, leading to poor attention management and impaired decision-making.
A new study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that climate change, not Genghis Khan, led to the decline of Central Asia's medieval river civilizations. The research found that decreasing river flow due to drought was equally important for the abandonment of these city-states as the Mongol invasion.
A study challenges the notion that Mongol invasions led to the demise of medieval riverine civilizations in Central Asia. Decreasing river flow was equally important for their decline as climate change and abandonment of irrigation systems were.
A new species, Tegula kusairo, has been identified from the edible marine snail genus Tegula, distinct from the common T. xanthostigma. The two species differ in shell color, habitat usage patterns, and geographical distribution.
Researchers found that honeybees in Vietnam collect and apply spots of animal dung around hive entrances to deter deadly nest raids by Asian hornets. This finding is also the first to document the use of tools by honeybees.
Researchers analyzed published research to find 565 mammalian species used in traditional medicine globally, highlighting the threat of overexploitation. Closely related species are often used to treat similar diseases.
Research from Wellesley College professor Heather Mattila shows that honey bees use animal dung to prevent giant hornet attacks on colonies. The bees apply spots of dung around nest entrances, repelling the hornets and limiting their ability to mount deadly group attacks.