Articles tagged with Galaxies
Researchers observe complete process of dwarf galaxy evolution into ultra-compact dwarf galaxies, shedding light on their mysterious origins. About 15% of UCDs are surrounded by faint star halos, and they're highly correlated with strongly nucleated dwarf galaxies.
Researchers found almost 90% of early universe galaxies had glowing gas, triggering intense star formation. The James Webb Space Telescope provided unprecedented clarity to study these infant galaxies, revealing their role in shaping the Universe.
A new computer simulation of the early universe aligns with JWST observations, showing no discrepancy with theoretical expectations. The 'Renaissance simulations' track dark matter clumps and galaxy formation, consistent with models that dictate cosmic physics.
A new approach using deep learning speeds up supernova simulation by 99%, enabling more accurate modeling of galaxy evolution. This breakthrough could also apply to climate and earthquake simulations, providing valuable insights into complex phenomena.
Researchers from Trinity College Dublin are searching millions of star systems for technosignatures that could support intelligent alien life. The team has already scanned 1.6 million star systems but so far, no signals have been detected.
The GALAXY CRUISE project has published its first scientific paper, showing that colliding galaxies increase the rate of new star formation. Citizen astronomers helped classify over 2 million galaxies in data from the Subaru Telescope, enabling this groundbreaking research.
Scientists have observed 16 newly formed galaxies that exhibit significantly less heavy elements than expected, indicating a lack of time for element creation. The findings suggest that these galaxies are still in the process of being created, contradicting the long-held equilibrium model of galaxy formation.
Researchers confirmed that Maisie's Galaxy is at a high redshift of z ≈ 11.5 and disproved the existence of a previously thought-to-be-most-distant galaxy. The study also revealed another galaxy at a lower redshift, contradicting initial theories.
A new method using galaxy ellipticity and density has been developed to detect Baryon Acoustic Oscillations, allowing for more precise measurement of cosmological distances. This breakthrough opens new doors in astronomy, providing clues about the universe's history and composition.
Astronomers have confirmed that Maisie's galaxy is among the earliest galaxies detected by the James Webb Space Telescope. The galaxy, first spotted last summer, is estimated to be 390 million years after the Big Bang, making it one of the four earliest confirmed galaxies observed.
A new study by SISSA has identified the distribution of water vapour in galaxy J1135, which is 12 billion light years away. The researchers used gravitational lensing to observe this remote galaxy and ALMA observations to map its water distribution.
The NANOGrav team has detected a collective hum of gravitational waves from merging supermassive black holes, providing evidence for a background undulation in spacetime. The signal is thought to be generated by huge black holes at galaxy centers, producing low-frequency gravitational waves that oscillate slowly over years and decades.
Researchers using CSIRO's Parkes radio telescope have found strongest evidence yet for low-frequency gravitational waves, providing further insight into Einstein's general theory of relativity. The discovery, published in several journal papers, has also sparked collaboration among international teams searching for similar signals.
Astronomers discovered a new way to destroy stars, generating powerful gamma-ray bursts in the process. The study found that stellar collisions in dense environments surrounding supermassive black holes can create these explosive events.
A recent study suggests that supermassive black holes at the center of large galaxies grew in size over billions of years, challenging previous estimates. The research, led by astrophysicist Joseph Simon, used computer simulations to predict the masses of massive black holes, revealing a diverse range of sizes across the universe.
Astronomers have proposed a new method for measuring the distances of galaxies, utilizing double-period RR Lyrae (RR Lyr) stars. The study, published in Nature Astronomy, aims to improve the accuracy of distance measurements by leveraging the unique properties of these stars.
The latest DESI data release provides a precise 3D map of the universe with high certainty. The data also sheds new light on cosmic acceleration and the nature of gravity at large scales.
Researchers believe Earth's formation was facilitated by the accumulation of small pebbles, resulting in the presence of water as a byproduct. This new theory increases the likelihood of finding habitable planets outside our Solar System.
A team of astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope has detected complex organic molecules in a galaxy over 12 billion light-years away. The discovery suggests that the presence of these molecules does not necessarily indicate star formation, contradicting a long-held assumption.
Researchers have detected complex organic molecules in a galaxy more than 12 billion light-years away from Earth. The study used the James Webb Space Telescope and gravitational lensing to observe the galaxy's atomic and molecular composition, revealing insights into the formation of galaxies, their lifecycle, and how they evolve.
Researchers at IAC propose that a mysterious trail of stars may be a galaxy without a bulge seen edge-on. The study finds surprising agreement with a local galaxy, IC5249, and suggests that the object behaves like a typical galaxy. This new theory simplifies the explanation for the phenomenon.
An international research team explores ultra-fast gas emissions from active galactic nuclei, which significantly change galaxy ecosystems. The study confirms the existence of these powerful emissions and their role in regulating star formation.
A team of scientists at MIT and elsewhere have observed a star engulfing a nearby planet, a phenomenon that will also befall Earth in 5 billion years. The star's outburst was followed by a colder, longer-lasting signal, indicating the presence of gas from the star condensing into dust.
Scientists identify tidal disruption event at infrared wavelengths, revealing the closest example of a black hole devouring a star. The discovery suggests that conventional X-ray and optical surveys may have missed similar events in young, star-forming galaxies.
A mobile application utilizing Python and a single-element ultrasound transducer has been developed for photoacoustic tomography (PAT) image reconstruction. The application successfully reconstructs high-quality images with signal-to-noise ratio values above 30 decibels, making it suitable for point-of-care diagnosis in low-resource se...
Astronomers have observed for the first time the shadow of a black hole and the powerful jet expelled from it in the same image. The new image shows how the base of the jet connects with the matter swirling around a supermassive black hole, allowing scientists to better understand how black holes create energetic jets.
Astronomers have captured new images of M87*, revealing a thicker, fluffier ring that is 50% larger than the initial image. The team detected plasma from an accretion disk and observed a relativistic jet blasting out from the black hole.
Astronomers have developed a more accurate method to measure the composition of galaxies using data from telescopes on Earth and in space. By correcting for temperature fluctuations, researchers found that the result from collisionally excited infrared lines is still 50% less than that from recombination line method.
A team of scientists from Kyoto University has confirmed that galaxy alignments can be a powerful probe for dark matter and dark energy. The analysis of 1.2 million galaxy observations verified general theory of relativity at vast spatial scales, providing strong evidence for gravity's role in shaping the universe.
Astronomers have mapped the M87 galaxy's 3D structure and determined its supermassive black hole has a mass of 5.37 billion times that of the sun. The galaxy's asymmetrical shape allows for more precise measurements, including the rotation rate of 25 kilometers per second around an axis 40 degrees from the long axis.
The HERA team has improved the sensitivity of a radio telescope, allowing them to detect radio waves from the cosmic dawn era. The data suggests that early galaxies contained few elements besides hydrogen and helium, unlike modern galaxies.
Scientists have created the first 2D map of wind patterns around a neutron star, revealing clues to galaxy formation. The map shows the wind's vertical structure and velocity, which is about 1 million miles per hour, and offers new insights into the influence of disk winds on galaxy evolution.
Astronomers have observed an extremely rare and aspherical Fast Blue Optical Transient (FBOT) explosion 180 million light years away. The explosion, similar to a flat disc shape, challenges scientists' current understanding of stellar explosions.
The Energy Circulation Theory (ECT) simulates the formation of galaxies with different shapes, such as disc, spiral, and elliptical ones. The study demonstrates that various galactic distributions result from stellar seed releases and galactic seed interactions.
Astronomers using JWST discovered that the atmosphere of exoplanet HD149026b, a 'hot Jupiter,' is super-abundant in carbon and oxygen, far above expectations. This finding provides insight into planet formation and suggests that giant planets may have varied atmospheric compositions.
Astrophysicists used AI to improve mass estimates of galaxy clusters by adding a simple term to an existing equation. The new equation downplays the importance of complex cores in calculations, providing more reliable mass inferences.
A team of researchers found the earliest evidence of heated gas in a galaxy protocluster, indicating temperatures characteristic of the present-day 'Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium'. This discovery provides insight into the mechanisms that caused the intergalactic gas to boil up and offers a unique window into the early universe.
A new study reveals that intergalactic gas can activate and feed supermassive black holes at the heart of galaxies. The researchers found a direct connection between gas outside galaxies and active supermassive black holes, with misaligned gas playing a significant role in their growth.
An international team of astrophysicists has discovered six potential galaxies emerging in the universe's earliest moments, containing as many stars as the Milky Way. These ancient structures are gigantic and massive, contradicting current cosmological theory, with calculations suggesting they formed hundreds of new stars a year.
UC San Diego researchers study smallest dust particles in interstellar medium using JWST, gaining insights into star formation and ISM physics. High-resolution images reveal details of gas filaments and 'bubbles' blown by newly formed stars.
The James Webb Space Telescope has enabled the detection of compact structures of star clusters inside galaxies, known as clumps. Researchers have studied the link between clump formation and galaxy growth in distant galaxies, providing new insights into the early stages of galaxy formation.
Researchers from Waseda University measured the energy spectrum of boron and the B/C flux ratio in high-energy cosmic rays using the CALorimetric Electron Telescope. The results indicate a different spectral index for boron compared to carbon, with implications for our understanding of cosmic ray propagation mechanisms.
Researchers detect radio signal from record-breaking distance galaxy, measuring gas composition and gaining insights into the early universe. The signal was amplified by a factor of 30 using gravitational lensing, allowing scientists to study a previously inaccessible region.
Researchers have measured the size-luminosity relation of galaxies less than a billion years after the Big Bang for the first time. The team used multiband imaging data from the GLASS-JWST program to study galaxy properties in rest-frame optical and UV bands.
A new analysis of distant galaxies imaged by the James Webb Space Telescope shows they are extremely young and share similarities with 'green peas,' a rare class of small galaxies. The galaxies include what might be the most primitive galaxy identified so far, with some containing only 2% the oxygen of our own galaxy.
Researchers used the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury Triangulum Extended Region — or PHATTER — survey to study the Triangulum galaxy. The team discovered two drastically different structures depending on the age of the stars, with younger and older stars having distinct distributions.
A team of astronomers discovered 87 galaxies that could be the earliest known galaxies in the universe using data from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope. This finding suggests a revision to our understanding of galaxy formation, indicating that more galaxies may have formed earlier than previously thought.
Astronomers have discovered two ghostly Goliath black holes just 750 light-years apart, closing in on a cataclysmic meeting. The estimated population of merging supermassive black holes may be surprisingly high, generating strong gravitational waves detectable by future telescopes.
Researchers used variable stars as standard candles to measure galactic distances, tracing the outer limits of the Milky Way's halo. The study confirms theoretical estimates and provides a powerful tool for studying the galaxy's size and mass.
The James Webb Space Telescope has detected galaxies with stellar bars, similar to the Milky Way, at a time when the universe was just 25% of its present age. This discovery shakes up galaxy evolution scenarios and challenges theoretical models.
Large gamma-ray emitting bubbles are produced by fast blowing outward winds and the associated reverse shock. Numerical simulations successfully reproduced the temperature profile observed by an X-ray telescope, supporting this scenario.
The James Webb Space Telescope has captured infrared images of a population of red spiral galaxies at unprecedented resolution, revealing their morphology in detail. These galaxies are among the farthest known spiral galaxies and suggest that such spiral galaxies existed in large numbers in the early universe.
Four early galaxies have been confirmed by spectroscopic observations from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), with two of them being the most distant galaxies to date. The galaxies are estimated to be around 13.4 billion years old, dating back to less than 400 million years after the Big Bang.
A recent gamma-ray burst has been identified as a kilonova, shedding light on the merging of neutron stars and black holes. The event produced an excess of infrared light and lasted about a minute, contradicting the typical short duration of such explosions.
Astronomers have discovered a mysterious bright flash emanating from a relativistic jet of matter streaking out from a supermassive black hole. The signal, AT 2022cmc, is the brightest TDE ever detected and originates from a black hole that suddenly began devouring a nearby star, releasing an enormous amount of energy.
Researchers studied the strong nuclear force using nickel-64 nuclei, discovering that they change shapes under high-energy conditions. The team used advanced detectors to analyze gamma rays and particle direction, revealing two possible shapes for the nucleus: oblate and prolate.
A team led by University of Maryland astronomer Igor Andreoni discovered a bright optical flare caused by a dying star's encounter with a supermassive black hole. The event, AT2022cmc, is extremely rare and was found using a novel data pipeline that analyzed the Zwicky Transient Facility survey.
Researchers believe a black hole suddenly began devouring a nearby star, releasing energy and creating the brightest ever recorded TDE. The jet's direction may be pointing towards Earth, causing Doppler boosting, and could reveal insights into how supermassive black holes grow.
Researchers used India's SARAS3 radio telescope data to place limits on the mass and energy output of the first stars and galaxies, determining what they were like and weren't. The study enabled them to rule out scenarios of inefficient heaters and efficient producers of radio emissions.
Researchers discovered two exceptionally bright galaxies in the early universe using NASA's James Webb Space Telescope. These galaxies existed approximately 450 and 350 million years after the big bang and were found to be unusual in many ways, with some featuring compact disks that challenge our understanding of galaxy formation.