The Autophagy Regulatory Network database provides integrated and systems-level source for autophagy research, containing data on over 14,000 proteins. The new edition of the guidelines offers recommendations for best practices in autophagy monitoring, measurement, and diagnosis.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a cost-effective and environmentally friendly way to extract rare-earth elements from coal byproducts. This breakthrough could provide an economic boon for companies and reduce the US's dependence on importing these metals, which are essential for producing high-tech equipment.
The study found that glyphosate use has increased dramatically, with over 18.9 billion pounds applied globally between 1974 and 2014. This represents a significant increase of nearly 15-fold since genetically engineered Roundup Ready crops were introduced in 1996.
A new book by UC Santa Barbara geologist Arthur Sylvester explores the region's complex geology and notable features like the San Andreas Fault and Joshua Tree National Park. The guide includes 196 geo-referenced photographs, maps, and diagrams to help drivers appreciate the region's geological treasures.
Researchers have discovered a behavioral trait that can be used against Mexican bean beetles, offering new control strategies without insecticides. Reflective mulch has been shown to significantly reduce beetle numbers and plant damage in outdoor plots.
Researchers at Cornell University found a significant spike in flu-related deaths among people above 65 in areas with NFL teams that reached the Super Bowl. The study suggests disease transmission is driven by increased socialization and cramped spaces.
A professor of psychiatry argues that schizophrenia should be replaced with 'psychosis spectrum syndrome' due to the complexity and heterogeneity of psychotic illness. The current classification system uses outdated language and may lead to misdiagnosis or overemphasis on this condition.
Researchers used mathematical calculations to create a complete picture of protein nanoparticle surface morphology, identifying structures most advantageous for vaccine design. This approach may lead to the development of cost-effective vaccines, including a malaria vaccine set to start clinical testing soon.
A study published in The BMJ found that internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can effectively treat body dysmorphic disorder, reducing symptom severity and depression. Participants who received BDD-NET showed significant improvements compared to those receiving online supportive therapy.
Researchers propose broadening drought definition to include human activities that contribute to extreme water shortages. This shift acknowledges the complex interactions between nature and society, highlighting the need for innovative methodology to analyze causes of drought.
A study published by The BMJ found no direct association between benzodiazepine use and dementia, but suggests a possible link in those with low or moderate use. Healthcare providers are still advised to avoid benzodiazepines in older adults due to potential adverse health outcomes.
A national multicenter randomized trial found that extending surgical trainees' shifts does not compromise patient safety. The study showed flexible duty hour policies reduced handoffs and increased residents' satisfaction with their training. The findings provide high-level evidence to inform resident duty hour policies.
The bed bug's genome has been sequenced, offering insights into its unique biology and potential targets for controlling its resurgence. The study found that bed bugs have evolved multiple ways to resist insecticides, including barriers and detoxification genes.
A recent survey found that almost 20% of respondents reported some form of non-prescription medicine misuse or abuse over their lifetime. The study also highlights the risk factors associated with such behavior, including younger age and long-standing illnesses.
The researchers' findings could lead to more effective bedbug control and development of new insecticides. The study's data also provide insights into the genetic basis of bedbug adaptation to human environments.
Researchers have discovered a natural clay deposit that exhibits strong antibacterial activity against the ESKAPE group of bacterial pathogens, including MRSA and other antibiotic-resistant strains. The clay, named Kisameet clay, has been used for centuries by indigenous communities to treat various ailments.
A study of 382 COPD patients found that acetazolamide did not significantly reduce the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation. The drug was administered to patients with metabolic alkalosis, but its effectiveness in reducing ventilation time was uncertain.
A combined carbon and sugar tax in the UK could lead to significant environmental and health benefits, including a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and an increase in fiber intake. The tax scenarios predicted a decrease in purchases of beef, lamb, and other meats, as well as an increase in consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables.
New research reveals Greenland's ice sheet is releasing 400,000 metric tons of phosphorus annually, enriching Arctic Ocean waters and potentially stimulating growth of marine food chain. The nutrient could impact birds, fish, and marine mammals higher up the food chain.
Researchers from Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have developed the world's smallest lattice structure made of glassy carbon, with struts and braces less than 200 nm in diameter. The structure boasts higher specific strength than most solids and has potential applications as electrodes, filters, or optical components.
Researchers created a combined MRI and ultramicroscopy toolkit to study vessel growth in glioma models, providing better understanding of underlying mechanisms and potential novel targets for future drug development. The technique helped assess the effects of existing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatments on tumour growth.
A study by Sam Houston State University's Crime Victims' Institute found that only 88% of Title IX Coordinators received training on investigating sexual assault cases, while less than half were trained for stalking, intimate partner violence, or LGBTQ+ cases.
Scientists discovered that adenosine deaminase enhances anti-HIV-1 specific immune responses by reducing regulatory T-cell mediated suppression. The enzyme activation increases CD4+ responder T cells, CD8+ T cell proliferation, and T cell memory generation.
A massive research project has sequenced the bedbug genome, providing insight into its ability to resist insecticides. The study found that bedbug skin genetics play a crucial role in this resistance, and may also shed light on whether bedbugs originated from one or multiple sources.
A two-year project integrates computing with elementary school mathematics, developing research-based learning trajectories for each grade level. The Track 1 Exploratory Integration Project aims to democratize access to computer science education and promote diversity in the U.S. technology workforce.
The Southwest Research Institute\u2019s CuSP microsatellite will observe interplanetary magnetic fields and energetic particles in the solar wind. The mission aims to improve simulations of space weather, helping scientists understand its impact on power grids and space technology.
Researchers developed a new biosensor test system based on magnetic nanoparticles to measure protein concentrations in various samples. The system provides high sensitivity and accuracy, exceeding laboratory methods, and can detect proteins even in opaque liquids.
A University of Illinois researcher found that a country's governance quality affects the livelihoods of families who rely on resources from national parks. In Benin, better governance led to better social and ecological outcomes, while Niger's poor governance resulted in negative consequences for poorer communities.
A small minority of cancer cells in neuroendocrine tumors contribute to the overall growth and metastasis of the tumor. The discovery sheds light on the different functions of cancer cells, with implications for understanding tumor aggression.
Research published in Diabetologia reveals that each extra hour of daily sedentary time is associated with a 22% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Participants with type 2 diabetes spent more time sedentary, highlighting the importance of reducing sedentary behavior in diabetes prevention.
Researchers found that antiperspirant and deodorant significantly influence the type and quantity of bacteria on human skin. The study revealed a drastic shift in microbial ecosystems when participants used these products.
A study found a significant increase in mental health-related emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and office-based services among children and youth in Ontario, Canada. Anxiety disorders were the most common reason for these visits, accounting for 47% of the total increase.
A team of entomologists, including Dr. Ed Vargo and Dr. Spencer Johnston from Texas A&M AgriLife Research, has mapped the bedbug genome, revealing its unique features and ecological niche. The study identifies critical genes for survival, providing a valuable resource for developing new control targets.
A University of Washington-led study finds that the benefits of locally produced vegetables in cities outweigh any risks from gardening in contaminated soils. Compost can dilute lead levels and make it less hazardous to eat, especially for root vegetables like carrots.
A consultant cardiologist calls for a culture shift in British medicine to prioritize integrity and transparency, highlighting the case of Anjan Kumar Banerjee, who was awarded an MBE despite research fraud and financial misconduct. The doctor argues that the system is opaque and prone to manipulation.
A study reveals Sharpin's role in regulating survival of immunosuppressive T cells, essential for preventing autoimmune disease and cancer. Sharpin-deficient mice develop severe skin lesions and inflammation due to reduced Treg counts.
A University of Miami-led study shows that the North Atlantic absorbed 100% more man-made carbon dioxide over the last decade, impacting ocean life and marine organisms. The findings highlight the importance of reducing fossil fuel emissions to mitigate the effects on the oceans.
A study of deceased individuals found that moderate seafood consumption was correlated with lesser Alzheimer disease neuropathology, despite higher brain levels of mercury. The study suggests that selenium, an essential nutrient in seafood, may reduce mercury toxicity and its negative effects on the brain.
A team of researchers from UCLA has developed biomaterial coatings that alter cell proliferation and attachment. The coatings, which include collagen and heparan sulfate, were found to improve cell survival after implantation by promoting blood vessel development. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of functional tissues for t...
A study measuring underwater noise from ships found that low-frequency noise affects killer whales, while medium-high frequencies also interfere with their communication and echolocation. Reducing ship speed can help mitigate this noise pollution.
The 2016 AAAS/Subaru SB&F prizes recognize outstanding science writing and illustration for children and young adults. The winners include Sy Montgomery's 'The Octopus Scientists' and Beth Shapiro's 'How to Clone a Mammoth: The Science of De-Extinction.'
A pilot training program implemented in an urban clinic significantly improved attitudes and clinical skills towards transgender individuals. The evaluation showed a notable change in awareness of transphobic practices and readiness to serve transgender patients, indicating potential for broader healthcare equity.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center found that moderate seafood consumption was associated with less Alzheimer's disease pathology, including lower amyloid plaques and tangles. Seafood intake was only linked to reduced harm when individuals had a specific genetic profile, highlighting the need for personalized nutrition advice.
For the first time, researchers have directly converted carbon dioxide from the air into methanol at relatively low temperatures. This process uses renewable energy to transform the greenhouse gas into a clean-burning fuel for internal combustion engines and fuel cells.
Researchers suggest significant improvements in mesothelioma staging by incorporating tumor weight and volume into the current TNM system. This could lead to more accurate prognoses and personalized treatment plans for patients.
Researchers at Saarland University have developed a new cooling method using shape memory materials, which can reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The system exploits the ability of nickel-titanium alloys to absorb and release heat when deformed or stretched.
The 2015 Carnegie Classification provides an update on institutional diversity at over 4,660 colleges and universities in the United States. The classification reveals key changes, including shifts in doctoral granting categories and the introduction of new associate's college categories based on program mix and student mix.
Dan R. Littman receives the $100,000 Vilcek Prize in Biomedical Science for his fundamental insights into the immune system and its role in HIV pathogenesis. Young researchers Fernando Camargo, Roberta Capp, and Houra Merrikh win $50,000 Vilcek Prizes for Creative Promise for their innovative work on blood cell development.
A study found that Vietnamese fish sauce can reduce sodium chloride by 10-25% without compromising taste. Researchers suggest using fish sauce as a partial substitute for salt to create lower-sodium foods.
A team of researchers monitored the folding of an RNA hairpin in a living cell and compared the results with those of test tube analyses. They found that the RNA molecule in the living cell exhibited strong fluctuations in stability, similar to the dynamic changes in the cellular environment.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry suggests that inflammation can directly affect the brain's reward center, leading to changes in behavior similar to depression. The study found that patients with hepatitis C who received interferon-alpha treatment showed microstructural changes in their striatum, which was associated with...
A study published in the Journal of Medical Entomology found that the OFF! Clip-On repellent device is highly effective against hungry Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The device causes high mosquito mortality and knockdown rates, making it a promising tool for preventing Zika bites.
Researchers discovered a link between prenatal stress and lower birth weight in children born to mothers experiencing trauma in war-torn regions. The study also found that stressful life experiences can affect genes involved in the body's response to stress, with long-term consequences for child development.
Physicists have made a groundbreaking discovery in the field of dark matter research. The CRESST-II detector has achieved unprecedented sensitivity levels, allowing scientists to detect even the lightest dark matter particles for the first time.
A team of researchers has developed a new way to prevent preterm birth using nanoparticles, which deliver medication directly to the uterus without crossing the placenta. The treatment, called LIPINDORA, shows promise in reducing preterm labor and avoiding fetal risks.
A study found that lower respiratory tract infections, such as pneumonia, account for 26 percent of all ER visits for infectious diseases and 15 percent of deaths during hospitalizations. Influenza vaccination is underutilized among older adults, with about one-third not receiving the vaccine.
MIT researchers have developed a way to deliver CRISPR genome repair components more efficiently and safely, correcting mutated genes in 6 percent of liver cells in mice. The new approach has the potential to treat a range of diseases, including metabolic disorders and liver conditions.
A new study in PNAS suggests that environmental scholars can increase their policy impact by consulting widely with stakeholders during research. Stakeholder engagement is found to be a better predictor of future policy impacts than perceived scientific credibility.
Researchers at University of Nottingham have developed a new MRI technique to distinguish between multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions and other brain white spots. The study shows that this clinical MRI scan can accurately diagnose MS in a significant minority of cases, potentially leading to quicker and more reliable diagnosis.
Researchers challenge Health Canada's black-box warnings on ADHD medications, citing epidemiological studies showing reduced youth suicide rates with increased medication use. The study suggests that ADHD medications may actually reduce the risk of suicide in adolescents, contradicting previous warnings.