Most US marine fish and invertebrate species are vulnerable to climate change, with some more resilient than others. The study ranks species based on their vulnerability, predicting widespread distribution shifts and potential impacts on abundance and productivity.
The report reveals that high-income western countries and regions are driving the increase in opioid use, while poorer nations face significant barriers to access including affordability, lack of awareness, and onerous regulations
Researchers found a 7-8% drop in happiness among British workers compared to leisure activities outside of work. The Mappiness app, which quizzes users on their wellbeing, debunks the myth that Brits love queuing and reveals lovemaking as the most pleasurable experience.
A new study found that flu vaccination is associated with a lower risk of developing atrial fibrillation, a heart condition linked to increased stroke risk. The study suggested that flu infection may trigger an inflammatory response that increases the risk of AF.
Researchers identified a set of proteins that play a key role in preventing errors during healthy cell formation. The study sheds light on mechanisms involved in egg cell formation and may aid understanding of infertility, stillbirths, and birth defects.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that exposure to exemplary peer work can undermine student motivation and lead to quitting. Researchers discovered that students who assessed exemplary peers' essays were substantially less likely to earn course credit than those who assessed average peers' essays.
New research suggests that ravens share human-like ability to think abstractly about other minds, attributed to mental states including vision. Ravens guarded food caches in response to auditory cues from unseen competitors, demonstrating a level of Theory of Mind previously unknown in non-human animals.
Studies of stroke victims with spelling impairments reveal distinct brain regions responsible for long-term and working memory, offering new insights into the mechanics of language and memory. Damage to these regions can lead to different symptoms, including difficulty guessing or assembling words.
A new study by University of Michigan anthropologist Andrew Marshall highlights major gaps in research effort, with a disproportionate focus on charismatic great apes. This bias leads to crucial knowledge gaps in tropical protected areas and unrealistic assessments of threatened taxa.
A new study found that New Zealand's little penguin species is a recently introduced Australian invader, replacing the native species that was hunted by early human settlers and introduced predators. The Australian penguins arrived in Otago between 1500 and 1900 AD.
Researchers analyzed over 2,200 breakfast cereals and prepared meals with front-of-pack (FOP) claims, finding no correlation between the claims and nutritional quality. The FDA defines four types of FOP claims, but none can distinguish 'healthy' foods.
Engineers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed nanoparticles of calcium carbonate that can modulate pH in solid tumors, keeping cancer from growing. The compound changes the pH of the tumor environment, making it less acidic and preventing metastasis.
Researchers identified hypervirulent strains of Listeria monocytogenes associated with human infections, which are more invasive and infect central nervous system and fetus more often than those linked to food. The study used large-scale analysis of epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological data.
Research found patients with PD were more likely to have had a hip fracture or injurious fall in the years preceding their diagnosis. Individuals who suffered injurious falls were also at higher risk of being diagnosed with PD in following years.
A powerful three-way mechanism driving childhood brain cancer growth has been discovered by scientists. The MYB-QKI gene fusion is found in rare pediatric glioma subtype angiocentric glioma and drives tumor formation through abnormal expression, disruption of tumor suppression, and activation via a positive feedback loop.
A new landmark national study by Northwestern Medicine found that allowing surgical residents to work longer hours without compromising patient safety improved patient care and resident training. The FIRST trial investigated 4,330 residents and 138,691 patients, with similar rates of complications in both groups.
Researchers used computer models and field data to accurately depict current flow conditions in Greenland's topographically complex ice sheet. The study aims to improve knowledge of subglacial topography and predict potential effects on sea levels from a melting ice sheet.
Researchers discovered that San Bushmen used beetle larvae and plant materials to create arrow poisons, showcasing their intimate knowledge of their environment. This ancient hunting practice provides valuable insights into human evolution and the importance of environmental awareness.
Researchers at University of Nottingham have developed a novel snow cleaning method for CMM styli, effective in removing tiny debris particles and organic residue, minimizing measurement errors.
Researchers from Harvard Medical School have gained new understanding of how endomucin, a key molecule with anti-adhesive properties, prevents inflammatory cells from adhering to blood vessels. By promoting the expression of endomucin, they believe it may be possible to develop treatments for inflammation.
A Spanish study analyzed 2,000 volunteers and found that men sharing rare surnames have similar Y chromosomes, indicating they descended from the same original bearers. The correlation between surname frequency and Y chromosome variation only depends on surname frequency.
A recent study by Michigan State University suggests women are more likely to get irked at irritating behavior exhibited by acquaintances and partners. Women's heightened social awareness may contribute to their increased sensitivity to annoyance.
A recent paper published in Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids identifies experimental design issues in neutral studies questioning the benefits of omega-3s for heart health. The study suggests that these issues may be responsible for the lack of significant effects on cardiovascular disease outcomes.
A recent study found that a mother's diet during pregnancy and lactation significantly affects the composition of her breast milk microbiome. The researchers speculate that this may contribute to the establishment of the infant's gut microbiome, potentially influencing their disease susceptibility. The study provides new insights into ...
Scientists have discovered four new species of deep-water algae from Hawaii, which are similar in appearance to limu palahalaha and hold great cultural significance for Native Hawaiians. The newly discovered species were collected between 200-400 feet deep and are believed to redefine our understanding of algal distributions in Hawaii.
Research suggests that adding a simple endorsement from a patient's GP practice to the invitation letter could increase the number of people taking the bowel cancer screening test by up to 40,000 annually. This would lead to an additional 61 cases of bowel cancer and 165 high or medium-risk polyps being detected each year.
A recent study published in Nature Communications has identified genetic variants linked to a preference for mornings or nights, revealing the biological basis of morningness. The research found that individuals with a 'morning' genotype tend to have lower BMI and are less likely to suffer from depression.
Researchers will compare surgery and active surveillance in women with low-grade DCIS, evaluating quality of life and psychosocial outcomes. The four-year study aims to answer whether invasive surgery is necessary for non-fatal disease.
Harvard researchers have identified a disrupted signaling pathway that, when corrected, can ameliorate symptoms of Rett syndrome in mice. The findings may lead to the discovery of compounds or drugs that can benefit children affected by the disease.
A study published by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America found that long-term use of antiseptic soap in bathing critically ill patients did not cause high levels of resistance in bacteria on their skin. The prevalence of MRSA-resistant strains decreased after starting chlorhexidine (CHG) bathing.
Researchers discovered a critical period during embryonic brain development that establishes normal social behavior and linked it with abnormalities in specific adult brain structures. Treating mice during fetal development reversed the deficits that lead to social and repetitive behavior disorders.
A study published in JAMA found that dupilumab improves nasal polyp symptoms and quality of life in patients with chronic sinusitis not responsive to corticosteroids. The medication was generally well-tolerated and showed significant improvements in endoscopic, clinical, and radiographic outcomes after 16 weeks.
A portable method to detect tainted medicines and supplements has been developed by a CWRU researcher, potentially improving public health globally. The device uses Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance spectroscopy to authenticate good medicines and supplements, while also addressing the issue of counterfeit products.
A study found that excessive airway collapse in smokers is linked to poorer respiratory health and increased exacerbations. Smokers with this condition experienced worsened scores on measures of shortness of breath and quality of life, highlighting the importance of further research into long-term effects.
Big data analytics is revolutionizing healthcare by developing predictive models for disease onset, such as type 2 diabetes, and providing personalized insights through wearable devices. The new approaches aim to improve diagnosis accuracy and patient outcomes.
A new study published in the Journal of Marketing Research found that simplified nutritional labeling spurs healthier food choices in grocery stores. The study used the NuVal scoring system and found a 20% increase in healthy choices, while price sensitivity dropped by 19%.
A new study shows that logging in tropical rainforests creates micro-environments that black rats love, facilitating their invasion into the habitat. This can lead to displacement of native small mammals and have negative impacts on the forest ecosystem.
A study published in Journal of Food Science found that seed germination can degrade allergenic proteins in peanuts, reducing their allergenicity. By altering environmental factors, researchers may have discovered a simple method to produce hypoallergenic peanut food.
A global research collaboration sequenced the bed bug genome, identifying genes linked to pesticide resistance, mating traits, and blood digestion. The study provides a comprehensive understanding of the biology of human ectoparasites and offers new avenues for controlling bed bug populations.
Scientists at Helmholtz Zentrum München discover that Cistus incanus extracts prevent human immunodeficiency viruses from infecting cells and block Ebola- and Marburg viral envelope proteins. The study demonstrates broad antiviral activity of Ci extracts against various major human viral pathogens.
Research suggests that eating at least one seafood serving per week may lower the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease in older adults with the APOE-4 gene. The study found no association between seafood consumption and increased brain mercury levels or beta amyloid protein plaques, key markers of the disease.
Researchers have created detailed maps of the world's natural landscapes to better predict climate change impacts. The maps show how carbon is stored in plants, trees, and soils, revealing differences in biological properties between habitats.
A team of researchers from University of Idaho calls for a national priority on preparing for and adapting to wildfires, which burned over 10.1 million acres in 2015. They propose five Wildfire Grand Challenges to help communities become more resilient to wildfire effects.
ICESat-2 will employ a novel technique to determine ice sheet topography and sea ice thickness, leveraging a 3D-printed PEKK bracket that offers electrostatic dissipation and minimal outgassing. The satellite's Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) will utilize photon counting for precise surface elevation measurements.
Researchers tested ravens' understanding of 'seeing' as mental state, using their predisposition to compete for hidden food. The birds showed cache protection behaviors when dominants were visible or audible, indicating they mentally integrate information about others' presence and their own visual experience.
Embedded projectiles can pose significant risks to surgical teams, and identifying them requires careful consideration of clinical and radiological factors. Radiological studies, including CT scans, are crucial for determining the presence and potential explosive nature of embedded ordnance.
The completed genetic blueprint of the bedbug reveals key findings on mechanisms for resisting pesticides and mitigating the effects of rough sexual insemination practices. The genome sequence shows genes that encode enzymes and proteins to fight insecticides and reduce traumatic effects of copulation.
The Heliophysics CubeSat will measure incoming radiation that can affect Earth's radio communications, satellite electronics, and power grids. The satellite will provide unprecedented insight into the sun's impact on our planet.
A study by Lisa Wallis and Friederike Range found that older Border Collies perform slower in tasks requiring learning, logical reasoning, and cognitive flexibility. However, the dogs' long-term memory for touchscreen stimuli remained unaffected by age.
A recent study by DZD researchers found that height has a significant impact on the mortality from certain common diseases. Tall people have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, but a higher cancer risk. The study suggests that increased height may be related to overnutrition during growth stages.
A study published in Eating Behaviors found that a breakfast high in protein, such as eggs, can keep children fuller for longer and reduce their energy intake at lunch by approximately 70 calories. However, the effects of this protein-rich meal do not last throughout the day.
Researchers found similar patterns in engraved ostrich eggshells across different sites, indicating the sharing of symbolic material culture. This exchange enabled groups to adopt and adapt new technologies and cultures, contributing to the survival and development of Homo sapiens.
Researchers have successfully mapped the genome of the common bed bug, identifying 805 possible instances of genes transferred from bacteria. The findings suggest that these genes, such as a patatin-like gene, could become effective targets for pest control.
A recent study has found that the majority of species are poorly known, making it difficult to determine their conservation status. Newly discovered species are often found to have smaller ranges and occupancies, as well as greater perceived extinction risk.
Equity-based incentives improve cooperation among managers in different business units, researchers find. Companies like Amazon benefit from this practice.
A study by University of Minnesota researchers identified the mechanism of 5-azacytidine, a DNA-based drug that blocks HIV's ability to spread. The drug converts to a DNA form and infiltrates HIV when it turns RNA into DNA, stopping replication.
A study analyzing billing data found that nearly 29% of patients undergoing colonoscopy had a pre-procedure office visit, resulting in increased healthcare costs. Office visits were more common among patients with higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores and were associated with a diagnosis of screening or preoperative evaluation.
The American Diabetes Association has issued a statement offering practical guidelines for managing type 2 diabetes in older adults in long-term care facilities. The recommendations focus on individualized goals, liberal diet plans, and avoiding sliding scale insulin to balance glycemic control while minimizing hypoglycemia risk.
Scientists have identified a piece of non-coding RNA that stops cells from turning cancerous, regulating cell growth and metastasis. The discovery could lead to new treatments for cancer.
A new study has found that children from different ethnic backgrounds in the UK are at varying risk of breaking a bone. The research, published in the journal Bone, analyzed data from 1988 to 2012 and discovered that white children were more likely to fracture than South Asian or black children.