A systematic review and meta-analysis found that refugees may be at higher risk of developing nonaffective psychosis, including several types of schizophrenia, compared to natives or nonrefugee migrants in host countries. The study analyzed data from over 540,000 refugees in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Canada.
Researchers have developed a soft and stretchable pump, eliminating tethers in soft robots. The pump uses an electrical field to circulate liquids, promising applications in exoskeletons, robotic clothing, and smart clothing.
Researchers found a link between microRNA regulation and the rapid evolution of new species in Nicaraguan crater lakes. They analyzed five species of Midas cichlids and identified specific pairs of microRNAs and genes that interact with each other.
Researchers have found that abnormal blood pressure in middle and late life significantly increases the likelihood of developing dementia. Maintaining a healthy blood pressure throughout life may be a key factor in reducing this risk.
A Carnegie Mellon University analysis of #MeToo media coverage finds that accusers are frequently depicted sympathetically yet lack agency, threatening the movement's empowerment objectives. The study reveals a consistent trend in which women are portrayed less powerfully than men.
A CSU team is designing a self-reliant, local, resilient electric system to withstand Category 5 hurricanes. The research combines sustainable grids, systems engineering and behavioral psychology to minimize power losses.
Sunscreens release aluminum, silica, and phosphorous into seawater after UV treatment, potentially harming marine ecosystems. On a typical summer day at the beach, beachgoers could increase coastal waters' aluminum levels by 4% and titanium by almost 20%
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have discovered a mechanism by which plants regulate the hormone auxin, affecting growth and development. The sticky properties of Aux/IAA repressor proteins allow them to bind to DNA-binding domains, controlling transcription.
A new Cornell University study suggests that shale oil and gas production, particularly fracking, is contributing to the increase in atmospheric methane levels. The research found that methane from fracking has a distinct carbon-13 signature, indicating its origin, which was previously misattributed to biological sources.
Researchers found that testosterone supplements made people more sensitive to moral norms, contradicting earlier studies that linked high levels of testosterone to immoral behavior. The study suggests that testosterone's influence on behavior is more complex than thought.
A clinical trial found that an oral activator, veledimex, controlled the transcription of human interleukin-12, reducing toxicity while preserving anti-tumor effects. Patients with recurrent glioblastoma had improved overall survival rates, with some experiencing up to 17.8 months of survival.
Researchers analyzed snow samples from remote areas and European cities, finding high concentrations of microplastics in Arctic snow. These tiny particles, often used in synthetic fabrics and other materials, contribute significantly to air pollution and may pose health risks, including lung cancer.
A recent study found that more than half of the 504 primate species were left out of the research literature, with only 13% focused on chimpanzees. The study highlights the need for conservation efforts to protect endangered primate species and their habitats.
Researchers created stretchable metal composites with high electric conductivity that can be 3D printed on soft substrates at room temperature. This breakthrough technology enables the production of compact and slim wearable devices with improved data recording capabilities.
Researchers led by Abhijit Ghosh are studying the unknown fault that caused a 7.1 magnitude earthquake in Ridgecrest, California. The team aims to understand the physics behind earthquakes and develop more effective warning systems.
Researchers from the University of Würzburg captured rare footage of Abbott's duiker antelopes on Mt. Kilimanjaro, a species classified as endangered. The study found that protected areas are crucial for maintaining biodiversity in large mammal species.
Astronomers can now automatically follow up on variable astronomical objects with a range of 0.4-meter to 8-meter telescopes, observing in UV light to infrared. The network uses automated software and generates dynamic observing schedules every 15 minutes.
A Michigan-wide effort to reduce opioid prescribing for common surgeries resulted in a nearly 30% decrease in prescription size, without affecting patient pain or satisfaction. The study's success suggests an opportunity for other states to build on Michigan's experience and further reductions in prescription size.
Researchers have identified markers capable of predicting mortality in patients with symptoms of yellow fever, potentially helping to prevent severe conditions. The study found that older patients, high neutrophil counts, and high viral loads at hospital admission are significantly associated with mortality.
A comprehensive dementia care program staffed by nurse practitioners significantly reduced patients' behavioral problems and depression, as well as lower the distress of caregivers. The study's findings suggest that such programs are a promising approach toward improving the psychological health of patients and caregivers.
The study found that less than 5% of schooling fish needed to be flashing to maintain the group in dark conditions. Flashing may serve as a predator-avoidance strategy, with some fish flashing then rapidly changing direction before flashing again.
A new study reveals that approximately 85% of historical tidal wetlands in California, Oregon, and Washington have been lost. The research highlights the importance of restoring these habitats, which are critical nurseries for juvenile salmon and steelhead.
A study of long-term data from the River Ray in Wiltshire found a steady increase in freshwater invertebrate diversity and abundance since 1991, attributed to improved sewage treatment. This improvement is linked to reduced ammonia levels and increased oxygen, creating a cleaner water environment.
Researchers found that antibodies generated against the Zika virus itself may contribute to birth defects in some pregnancies. The study suggests that a safe vaccine would need to induce protective antibodies while avoiding those that increase the risk of microcephaly.
A novel open-source computational framework promotes affordable and routine NIPT applications in clinics, detecting fetal trisomies and parental chromosome origin from maternal blood samples. The framework incorporates machine learning methods to estimate euploidy or trisomy for each studied chromosome.
Researchers discovered a connection between high-fat diets and insulin resistance through gut bacteria, specifically the protein IgA produced by B cells in the gut. A high fat diet weakens the gut immune system, leading to inflammation and worsening blood sugar levels.
Researchers at Cornell University have discovered that combining proteins from two lethal viruses can enhance their pathogenic potential. The team found that a hybrid protein pair has greater fusion capability, which could be leveraged to stop viral-cell fusion and develop more effective vaccines.
A new study finds that human impacts on oceans have nearly doubled over the past decade and could increase by another 50% if left unchecked. Climate change, commercial fishing, and land-based pollution are major drivers of these changes.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found a strong link between long-term exposure to air pollution and an increased risk of emphysema in the US population. The study analyzed data from over 7,000 participants and found that consistent results were found across six metropolitan regions.
Astronomers propose a new method to detect hidden life on exoplanets, utilizing biofluorescence induced by stellar UV flares. This novel approach could reveal biomarkers on planets orbiting active M stars, making them ideal targets for future searches.
Researchers from the University of Kansas have described three genera and 17 new species of water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions. The discovery highlights the vast biodiversity left to be described in areas where resource-extraction operations are destroying natural habitats.
A University of Queensland-led study identified factors fuelling Colombian deforestation, including conflict between illegal groups and government forces, as well as proximity to coca plantations and mining concessions. The research highlights the importance of stable governance in retaining forests and reducing deforestation risk.
Infants born to mothers taking naltrexone developed no signs of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, whereas those exposed to buprenorphine showed higher rates of NOWS. Naltrexone was also associated with shorter hospital stays and improved breastfeeding outcomes.
A low-cost growth mindset intervention improved entrepreneurial self-efficacy and persistence among undergraduate students, regardless of gender or prior experience. The intervention boosted confidence in identifying business opportunities and pursuing class projects despite challenges.
Researchers found that moderate flavonoid consumption was associated with a lower risk of death from cancer and heart disease. Participants consuming about 500mg of total flavonoids per day had the lowest risk of a cancer or heart disease-related death, which is easily achievable through a balanced diet.
A study led by ISGlobal found that vaccination with RTS,S increases levels of antibodies recognizing 'P. falciparum' antigens not included in the vaccine, potentially leading to natural immunity. This effect was observed mainly in regions with low to moderate transmission levels.
Rice University, Texas Southern University, and the University of Houston have won a $2.66 million NSF grant to enhance training and resources for underrepresented minorities in engineering and science disciplines. The project aims to create a more diverse workforce and address systemic barriers that impede their success.
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute researchers have identified a molecular switch that impacts immune responses to viral infections, enabling T cells to distinguish between different viruses and controlling protective antibody production. This discovery could lead to more effective vaccines against previously hard-to-prevent viruses.
A new study from Penn State found that simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use is associated with heavier drinking, more frequent consumption, and higher levels of sensation-seeking characteristics. Individuals who used both substances simultaneously were also more likely to experience alcohol-related problems.
A study published in The Plant Journal has provided new insights into the dynamics of metabolic processes in eukaryotic cells. By quantifying the subcellular distribution of proteins and metabolites, researchers have identified key regulatory mechanisms controlling plant metabolism.
A study of almost 10,000 adolescents found that frequent social media use in teenage girls is linked to increased psychological distress, lower life satisfaction, and greater anxiety. Cyberbullying, sleep disruptions, and reduced physical activity are key mechanisms behind these findings.
Scientists have used DNA tests in UK waters to detect non-native species, including a potentially fatal worm. The technique could help catch invasions early on and monitor eradication efforts.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured a visible image of Tropical Storm Krosa, showing a large center of circulation surrounded by fragmented bands of thunderstorms. The storm is expected to intensify to 50 knots as it approaches landfall in southwestern Japan.
A new study published in Immunity journal reveals six distinct groups of lymphatic vessels in human lymph nodes, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms behind cancer spread. The research identifies key trafficking and adhesion molecules used by neutrophils to prevent pathogens from spreading.
This observational study found exposure to ozone, fine particulate matter, oxides of nitrogen, and black carbon was associated with increased emphysema progression. Ambient ozone exposure also led to a decline in lung function, while other pollutants had no significant impact.
The university will provide two-year scholarships to high-achieving, low-income students pursuing Master of Science degrees in six engineering departments. The program aims to eliminate barriers and build bridges to professional careers through industry internships and research focused on innovation and entrepreneurship.
A new study from the University of Kansas shows that media coverage of climate change varies greatly by nation, with richer countries framing it as a political issue and poorer countries presenting it as an international concern. The researchers analyzed over 37,000 articles and found that a nation's gross domestic product per capita i...
Researchers Sally Taylor and Seth Dorman recommend scouting, threshold-based management, and resistance management strategies to effectively manage tarnished plant bugs in Mid-Atlantic cotton. They emphasize the importance of avoiding planting nearby hosts and using certain varieties to minimize intensive management.
Researchers found a significant association between elevated post-exercise troponin levels and an increased risk of severe cardiovascular disease or death. The study suggests that exercise may serve as a stress test for the heart, allowing for early identification of susceptible individuals who require closer monitoring.
A Yale-led team of astronomers has simulated a large patch of the intergalactic medium (IGM), revealing how cold, dense gas clouds organize themselves within larger sheets or pancakes of matter. The findings suggest that these gas clouds can be pristine and metal-free, challenging previous assumptions about their formation and composit...
A new study finds that long-term exposure to all major air pollutants increases the risk of emphysema by roughly the equivalent of smoking a pack of cigarettes a day for 29 years. Ground-level ozone levels are rising due to climate change, and the US study suggests that this increase may lead to an increased risk of chronic lung disease.
Scientists have created a new record by entangling 20 quantum bits in a 'Schrödinger's cat' state, exceeding the previous limit of 14 qubits. The team used a programmable quantum simulator to control and manipulate the qubits, demonstrating the potential for quantum technologies.
Researchers at NUST MISIS have identified a mechanism for removing magnetic nanoparticles through the kidneys, allowing for safer drug delivery. The study used a combination of techniques to track nanoparticle transport, revealing that they can be excreted directly into the renal tubule, reducing the risk of liver accumulation.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles create an in vitro model of the human kidney glomerulus that filters blood and removes toxins. The breakthrough could lead to better understanding of chronic kidney disease mechanisms and development of new treatments.
Researchers at USF have developed a biologically-based technique to transform greenhouse gases into usable chemical compounds, reducing dependence on petroleum and lowering carbon footprint. The method utilizes human enzymes to convert specific one-carbon materials into complex compounds used in various products.
A new machine learning tool, KymoButler, automates the analysis of kymographs to track particle movements inside living cells. This improves research efficiency and reduces bias.
Researchers analyzed moose droppings to understand their dietary choices and found that moose prefer rare plants when they are available. The study suggests that moose's selective foraging behavior has a stabilizing effect on the entire food web, with implications for ecosystem stability.
Researchers at Arizona State University have discovered the largest known impact crater in the US, which was formed 35 million years ago and lies buried beneath the Chesapeake Bay. The crater's age was determined using a new dating technique, providing valuable insights into the Earth's history.
Research published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that intensive blood pressure control is associated with fewer white matter lesions and a slightly greater decrease in brain volume than standard blood pressure control. This could lead to lower risks of dementia and cognitive impairment.
A study published in the journal Nutrients reveals that young men aged 18-24 are struggling to eat even three portions of fruit and vegetables a day. Young men with the best diets had a more positive attitude towards healthy food, enjoyed preparing and eating a wide range of fruit and veg, and had a holistic view of health and diet.