A $1.19 million NSF grant will develop a high school air quality curriculum in Riverside County, engaging over 2,000 students and addressing health impacts. The program aims to motivate underrepresented students in STEM activities and promote career opportunities.
Researchers argue that speech technology is not a solution for low literacy rates, as reading trains the language prediction system. Skilled readers can predict upcoming words, which reduces processing load and frees up brain resources.
Participants showed improved accuracy in responding to controversial facts after being exposed to others' responses, reducing polarization and partisan bias. This finding contradicts traditional polarization theory and suggests that information sharing within homogeneous networks can increase belief accuracy.
A study published in Academic Emergency Medicine found that half of syncope patients undergo CT head scans, yielding a diagnostic rate of 1.2% to 3.8%. The authors caution against indiscriminate use and recommend future studies to develop a prediction tool for optimal CT head use.
A new study reveals that several species of bacteria reside in bladder tissue of postmenopausal women who experience recurrent urinary tract infections. The findings provide a better understanding of the interaction between bacteria and host tissue, which may lead to more effective treatment strategies for this chronic condition.
Researchers found that heated political discourse over proposed laws involving marginalized groups, such as LGBT people, contributes to an increase in bullying linked to students' identity in schools. Campuses with Gay Straight Alliance clubs experienced lower rates of homophobic bullying.
A study published in Nature Communications found that Lem2 is key to nuclear size control in the model organism Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Researchers confirmed Lem2's role by assessing changes in nuclear volume/cytoplasmic volume ratio after deleting or overexpressing the protein.
A survey study of 874,000 adolescents from 40 countries found a link between growing up in economically unequal areas and self-reported bullying. The association was seen after accounting for other factors, but the lack of individual-level data limits the understanding behind this connection.
Scientists have discovered a 99-million-year-old piece of amber containing diverse coastal organisms, including sea snails, slaters, and terrestrial creatures like mites and spiders. The finding sheds light on the unique preservation process that trapped these animals in the amber.
Acoustic vehicle alerting systems may improve safety but also increase noise pollution, posing a risk to pedestrians with limited vision. Experts are studying how to design effective alerts while minimizing distractions.
Kanazawa University researchers have synthesized a radiotheranostic system using astatine and iodine as alpha-particle and gamma-radiation sources, respectively. The system utilizes a peptide carrier molecule to target tumors, achieving high accumulation in cancer cells.
Researchers studied how spider webs employ power amplification to capture prey, achieving accelerations of up to 772.85 m/s2. This unique method offers advantages over human tools, such as the replaceability and long-range capabilities of spider webs.
Researchers discovered that adding fluoride to perovskite leaves a protective layer, increasing its stability and solar cells' efficiency. The study achieved an efficiency of 21.3%, exceeding previous records by up to 24%.
A new UCL-led study found that women with a history of eating disorders are more likely to experience depressive symptoms during pregnancy and beyond. The research suggests that early identification and treatment of eating disorders in pregnant women could reduce the long-term impact on both mothers and children.
PRI-002, a new Alzheimer's drug candidate, has successfully completed Phase I clinical research, demonstrating improved cognitive performance in human trials. The compound destroys toxic oligomers without involving the immune system, offering a promising approach to treating Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers have designed a new power generator that uses Prussian blue to extract electricity from seawater. The system can switch between two modes of operation, providing both long-term steady power and high power density for tasks such as underwater device operation.
The study reveals that complex interactions dominate credit default swaps, with neither strictly positive nor negative effects. Researchers use a new method to detect causal relationships between financial assets and find that these interactions are not always linear.
A new open-access data platform, ZooArchNet, links biological and archaeological databases to provide a long-term perspective on biodiversity crises. The platform enables researchers to reconstruct biodiversity baselines from the earliest periods of human history.
A new study published in the Journal of Mental Health found that people are almost twice as likely to correctly identify signs of postnatal depression in women than in men. The research involved 406 British adults and found that participants were less likely to say there was something wrong with the male, compared to the female.
People tend to be more envious of future events than past ones, but the passage of time can reduce negative emotions. Research showed that imagining an event's aftermath leads to lower envy and stress.
A team from Ohio State University has built a more efficient and reliable potassium-oxygen battery that can store excess energy from renewable sources. The battery can be charged at least 125 times, making it a potential solution for long-lasting energy storage in the power grid and cell phones.
A review panel led by Regenstrief Institute Research Scientist Kurt Kroenke found that clinicians, policymakers, and payers are misapplying CDC opioid guidelines, negatively affecting patients. The panel identified challenges with implementing the guidelines, including overly restrictive prescribing policies and burdens on clinicians.
A new program aims to prevent substance abuse among children and parents, offering tailored classes and social norms campaigns to reduce alcohol and e-cigarette use. The initiative, funded at $1.4 million, also provides referrals to support groups and smoking cessation classes.
Researchers discovered a type of bone cell that can subdue cancer cells, slowing their growth in breast cancer patients. Osteoblasts release factors that halt cancer cell growth, restoring production of the cell-cycle checkpoint protein p21 and putting cancer cells to sleep.
A study published by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute has identified eight potentially new species of phoronid larvae, a type of horseshoe worm found in Panama's two oceans. The larvae were collected from plankton samples and analyzed using DNA sequencing to distinguish between different species.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that large-scale systems in the brain interact with each other in distinct ways for different psychiatric conditions. The researchers used brain network connectivity data from over 1,000 individuals to identify correlations between brain networks and symptom...
Abnormal chromosome number abnormalities are linked to increased risk of lethal disease in prostate cancer patients. Patients with five or more predicted aneuploidy alterations had a 5.3 times higher odds of lethal cancer during follow-up.
Researchers have identified a brain area that rapidly senses spatial constraints, enabling instant orientation and navigation. The study uses advanced imaging technologies to decode the activity of millions of neurons in the occipital place area, which encodes scene geometry.
The University of Illinois Chicago will launch a program using community health workers, social workers, and doulas to improve health outcomes for pregnant women and their children in historically underserved neighborhoods. Maternal mortality rates are disproportionately high among black women, prompting the initiative.
Researchers found that quiet time in NICUs was related to improved infant health, with healthier heart rates during quiet hours. The study recommends using quiet time protocols to help NICU patients and implementing architectural noise reduction strategies.
A new study published in Agricultural and Forest Meteorology successfully predicts Australian wheat yield two months before the crop matures using a combination of climate and satellite data. The researchers achieved an accuracy rate of approximately 75% in their predictions, outperforming traditional statistical methods.
Researchers found that mirabegron increases cholesterol synthesis in mouse models of atherosclerosis, leading to accelerated plaque growth and increased cardiovascular risk. The changes were linked to thermogenic fat breakdown induced by mirabegron treatment, raising concerns for patients with LDL receptor mutations.
The Damon Runyon Physician-Scientist Training Award provides physicians with research skills and experience to become leaders in translational and clinical research. The award addresses financial burdens that deter physicians from pursuing a research career, offering up to $460,000 over four years.
A French researcher has developed a proof of concept for a smartphone-based shooter location system that uses acoustic analysis to track the origin of gunfire. The system, deployed in TCAPS hearing protection devices, analyzes the supersonic shock wave and muzzle wave generated by bullets to determine the shooter's direction.
Researchers found that mirabegron accelerates atheroclerosis in mice by activating brown fat, potentially increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke in humans. The study suggests patients with cardiovascular disease or mutations affecting LDL removal should exercise caution when using this drug.
A joint statement from the American Heart Association and others suggests home-based cardiac rehabilitation as a viable option for patients who cannot attend traditional programs. Effective home-based care requires scientifically-based, standardized care with remote supervision and coaching.
A new study by Australian National University found that the death of a close friend can significantly impact a person's physical health, mental wellbeing, and social life for up to four years. The researchers warn that inadequate support during this time is leading to poor health outcomes.
Researchers used a model of measles transmission to predict the impact of vaccination campaigns in Pakistan. Conducting vaccination campaigns between May and October reduced estimated infections by 400,000 compared to January campaigns.
A survey of 435 parents from 45 states found that most had read and written texts while driving, with millennial parents showing more reckless behavior. The study suggests potential intervention strategies, such as pediatrician conversations and app usage restrictions.
The Humanwide program at Stanford Medicine combines cutting-edge tools and a collaborative team-based method to provide proactive, personalized care. The pilot program successfully identified previously overlooked health conditions and future health risks in patients, setting them on a path to avoid serious medical problems.
Researchers have discovered a biochemical compound responsible for the rapid decline in blood pressure during sepsis. The compound, cis-WOOH, is formed by an enzyme and plays a signaling role in vasodilation, potentially leading to organ failure and death.
Researchers found higher levels of aneuploidy lead to greater lethality risk among prostate cancer patients, suggesting a possible way to predict prognosis and inform treatment. The study also identified chromosomes 7 and 8 as commonly aneuploid in prostate tumors.
A Boston University School of Medicine study found significant variation in social determinant screening practices among community health centers. Researchers suggest tailoring these processes and involving staff and providers in implementation decisions can help overcome issues with time, workflow, and knowledge.
Researchers found a unique assortment of glassy particles, including those resembling meteorite impacts and others with rubber-like composition. The high concentration of these particles suggests they are related to the atomic bomb blast that devastated Hiroshima in 1945.
Researchers at Princeton University have engineered Pseudomonas bacteria to sense the speed of flowing fluids, which can be used as a flow sensor. The bacteria's genetic response is tuned to the speed, allowing it to detect and measure fluid flow in real-time.
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention has received a five-year, $3.75 million grant from the CDC to expand its Med-South Lifestyle Program, which aims to reduce chronic disease risk in rural and minority populations.
A new study found that public debates about policies and laws involving marginalized groups can lead to an increase in bias-based bullying among young people. The study, which analyzed data from nearly 5 million students in California, found that rates of homophobic bullying peaked during the Proposition 8 debate in 2008.
Researchers at Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine found that New Mexicans with 10 common cancers have a significantly worse five-year survival rate. Hispanic populations along the U.S.-Mexico border fare even worse.
A study found that mice infected with Zika virus during late gestation exhibited behaviors similar to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Children exposed to the virus during the 2015-16 epidemic may be at increased risk for developmental disorders, including ADHD and brain abnormalities.
Researchers found that at least eight moonquakes were likely caused by tectonic activity along thrust faults, not asteroid impacts or internal moon movements. The team suggests the moon may be shrinking today and still experiencing quakes
Researchers at University of Queensland discover a way to stop inflammation by inhibiting the inflammasome protein complex. This breakthrough could lead to the design of new anti-inflammatory drugs, informing treatment for chronic inflammatory diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
A cost-effectiveness analysis of 12 cervical cancer screening strategies incorporates women's preferences to estimate quality of life and economic outcomes. The study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of different screening methods, considering their potential impact on health and finances.
Researchers have created a pan-genome that captures genetic information of 725 cultivated wild tomatoes, revealing nearly 5,000 new genes. This resource promises to help breeders develop more flavorful and sustainable varieties, potentially reducing the need for pesticides.
A recent study from Carnegie Mellon University finds that simple green energy nudges can decrease support for more effective climate change policies, such as a carbon tax. The researchers found that when participants were also offered a nudge, their support for the tax declined significantly.
A new experimental treatment for stroke has been shown to reduce brain damage and promote motor recovery in mice. The treatment, which uses adrenergic receptor antagonists, was found to normalize brain fluids and lower potassium levels, leading to improved outcomes in stroke models.
Researchers at the University of Illinois are developing a novel approach for all-electric aircraft, utilizing cryogenic liquid hydrogen as an energy storage method. The project aims to address the technical hurdles in integrating electrically driven propulsion technologies into aircraft platforms.
For the first time, researchers have measured the fidelity of two-qubit logic operations in silicon with highly promising results. The study demonstrates an average two-qubit gate fidelity of 98%, paving the way for scaling up to a full-scale quantum processor.
Researchers identified LTA as a key player in Hodgkin's lymphoma progression, activating NF-kB and promoting cancer cell proliferation. This discovery suggests LTA could be a target for new treatment strategies.
Researchers are using genomic data to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the symbiotic relationship between coral and algae. They aim to identify genes that enhance resilience in algae and help corals adapt to environmental shifts caused by climate change.
Melanoma is a type of skin cancer linked to sun exposure, with common areas affected including face, neck, arms, and torso. Genomic sequencing helps identify markers for diagnosis and treatment, while ABCDE criteria aid in suspicious lesion detection.