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Science News Archive December 2022 - Page 6


Page 6 of 31

Climate change: evaluating CO2 emissions from land use with greater precision

A team of researchers has harmonized calculation methods for CO2 emissions from land use, enabling more accurate evaluation of country targets and supporting the fair distribution of climate mitigation goals. The analysis reconciles land-based mitigation estimates by separating natural and land-use CO2 fluxes at the country level.

SourceLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München·JournalOne Earth·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateDec 21, 2022

Evening hot spring soaks lower cases of hypertension in older Japanese adults

Researchers from Kyushu University found that evening hot spring bathing is associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension among Japanese older adults. The study analyzed data from over 11,000 residents over 65 and discovered that those who bathed in onsen after 19:00 were 15% less likely to have hypertension.

SourceKyushu University·JournalScientific Reports·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateDec 21, 2022
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

AI fails to pass radiology qualifying examination

A recent study found that AI failed to pass a radiology qualifying examination, with an average accuracy of 79.5%. However, the researchers suggest that further training and revision could lead to improved results.

SourceBMJ Group·JournalThe BMJ·TypeObservational study·DateDec 21, 2022

Aging | DNA methylation GrimAge version 2

Researchers developed a new epigenetic biomarker, GrimAge version 2, which leverages two DNAm-based estimators of plasma proteins to predict mortality risk. The study found that GrimAge 2 outperforms existing clinical biomarkers in predicting mortality across multiple racial/ethnic groups and associations with age-related conditions.

SourceImpact Journals LLC·JournalAging-US·TypeObservational study·DateDec 21, 2022

Characters’ actions in movie scripts reflect gender stereotypes

A new machine-learning framework analyzes scene descriptions in movie scripts to recognize character actions, revealing widespread gender stereotypes. Female characters tend to show more emotion and less agency than males, while males are less likely to display emotional vulnerability.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateDec 21, 2022
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

Potentially deadly infection has dangerous ally lurking in our guts

Researchers discovered that enterococci, a type of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, can make C. difficile more potent and dangerous by producing amino acids. This understanding could help doctors identify patients at risk and develop new treatments for the deadly infection.

SourceUniversity of Virginia Health System·JournalNature·DateDec 21, 2022

Sharpsnout seabream‘s mortality during early life stages has a genetic base

A study published in Scientific Reports found that the sharpsnout seabream's mortality during early life stages has a genetic basis. The research analyzed genomic data from recruits and survivors of the species, finding associations with birth time, sea surface temperature, and growth rate. The results suggest that genetics plays a cru...

SourceUniversity of Barcelona·JournalScientific Reports·TypeObservational study·DateDec 21, 2022

Radiation damage to paternal DNA is passed on to offspring

Researchers discovered that radiation damage to paternal DNA is passed on to offspring through a highly error-prone repair mechanism. This leads to structural changes in the paternal chromosomes and causes developmental defects. Histone proteins play a crucial role in shielding damaged chromosomes from accurate repair.

SourceUniversity of Cologne·JournalNature·TypeObservational study·DateDec 21, 2022
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Heart health tip for older adults in 2023: Step it up a bit

A study published in Circulation found that walking between 6,000 and 9,000 steps per day significantly lowers the risk of a cardiovascular event in older adults. For those who are least active, even small increases in daily step count can have a substantial impact on heart health.

SourceUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst·JournalCirculation·TypeMeta-analysis·DateDec 21, 2022

Digital detection of dementia: Using AI to identify undiagnosed dementia

A digital detection of dementia study aims to evaluate the practical use of an AI tool for early identification of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. The study uses a passive digital marker and patient-reported outcomes survey, which have shown potential in detecting mild cognitive impairment and reducing healthcare costs.

SourceRegenstrief Institute·JournalTrials·DateDec 21, 2022

How nerve and vascular cells coordinate their growth

Researchers at the Universities of Bonn and Heidelberg identified a mechanism that ensures nerve cells and blood vessels grow without interfering with each other. By releasing semaphorin 3C, motor neurons signal vascular cells to pause growth, allowing for coordinated development during embryonic stages.

SourceUniversity of Bonn·JournalNeuron·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 21, 2022

Optomechanics simulates graphene lattices

Researchers at EPFL's School of Basic Sciences created a large-scale, configurable superconducting circuit optomechanical lattice to simulate graphene lattices. The device exhibits non-trivial topological edge states and can be used to study many-body physics.

SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalNature·DateDec 21, 2022
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.

Decoding the secret language of photosynthesis

Scientists have decoded the signals plants send themselves to initiate photosynthesis, a process turning sunlight into sugars. The newly identified proteins control communication between plant cells and organelles, potentially leading to breakthroughs in cancer research and improving crop yields.

SourceUniversity of California - Riverside·JournalNature Communications·DateDec 21, 2022

Shedding light on the origin of complex life forms

Researchers at the University of Vienna and ETH Zurich have successfully cultivated a representative of the Asgard archaea, a group believed to be the closest relatives of eukaryotes. The newly developed model organism, Lokiarchaeum ossiferum, exhibits unique cellular characteristics, including an extensive cytoskeleton and complex cel...

SourceUniversity of Vienna·JournalNature·DateDec 21, 2022
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Brain flexibility may hasten hearing improvements from cochlear implants

A new study in deaf rats demonstrates that stimulating the locus coeruleus region of the brain can improve how quickly they learn to use their cochlear implants. The findings suggest that differences in neuroplasticity may contribute to variations in hearing improvements among implant recipients.

SourceNYU Langone Health / NYU Grossman School of Medicine·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 21, 2022

Single component white LED based on lanthanide ions doped lead halide perovskite

Scientists developed a method to fabricate white perovskite LEDs using lanthanide ions doped CsPbCl3 nanocrystals, achieving a peak luminance of 1678 cd m^-2 and a maximum external quantum efficiency of 5.4%. The LEDs demonstrate excellent performance among existing white PeNCs LEDs from single chip.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateDec 21, 2022

Suicidal teens and other kids in mental health crisis languish in ERs, study finds

A recent study found that 1 in 5 children and teens who visit emergency departments due to mental health crises will still be there after 12 hours. Another 1 in 13 will remain after a full day, with over 60% being suicidal or having self-harmed.

SourceMichigan Medicine - University of Michigan·JournalJournal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateDec 21, 2022

New drug offers hope for people with hand osteoarthritis

Researchers have identified a key molecule, retinoic acid, that may be a promising new treatment for hand osteoarthritis. The study found that individuals with certain gene variants had lower levels of retinoic acid, which could lead to the development of disease-modifying drugs.

SourceUniversity of Oxford·JournalScience Translational Medicine·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 21, 2022
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

A team of researchers, led by the UPF, characterize rare, damaged cells (senescent cells) that block the functions of their neighbour healthy cells and identify ways to neutralize them and improve tissue regeneration

A team of researchers identified senescent cells as a major obstacle to muscle regeneration, which can be overcome genetically or pharmacologically. Neutralizing these cells improves tissue repair in both young and elderly individuals.

SourceUniversitat Pompeu Fabra - Barcelona·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 21, 2022

Cluster headache may be more severe in women

Women with cluster headaches experience longer-lasting and more frequent attacks than men, contributing to a higher rate of chronic cluster headache. The study suggests that these differences may contribute to the disorder being misdiagnosed in women.

SourceAmerican Academy of Neurology·JournalNeurology·DateDec 21, 2022

Coherent manipulation of spin qubits at room temperature

Scientists successfully initialized, controlled, and read out spins in colloidal quantum dots at room temperature. The breakthrough paves the way for scalable and sustainable spin-based quantum information processing.

SourceDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy Sciences·JournalNature Nanotechnology·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateDec 20, 2022
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Quantum computing workshop brings classical control systems into focus

AQT at Berkeley Lab organized a workshop on classical control systems for quantum computing, bringing together industry leaders and researchers to share experimental control advances. The workshop highlighted the need for advanced features in classical control electronic systems to optimize quantum computer performance.

SourceDOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory·DateDec 20, 2022

Probiotic bacteria found in fermented foods might help dispel bad breath

A pooled data analysis of 7 clinical trials found that probiotics, including Lactobacillus salivarius and Streptococcus salivarius, reduced OLP scores and volatile sulphuric compound levels in the mouth. However, the effects were relatively short-lived and more high-quality research is needed to verify these findings.

SourceBMJ Group·JournalBMJ Open·TypeSystematic review·DateDec 20, 2022

IU School of Medicine researchers publish findings which could help prevent side effects for breast cancer patients

Researchers at IU School of Medicine discovered a genetic variant that may increase the risk of heart damage from anthracycline-based chemotherapy. The study found that this variant can be predicted using human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, and potential strategies to prevent cardiotoxicity are being explored.

SourceIndiana University School of Medicine·JournalNature Communications·DateDec 20, 2022

Paying farmers to create woodland and wetland is the most cost-effective way to hit UK environment targets, study suggests

A new UK study published in the British Ecological Society journal People and Nature suggests that paying farmers to create woodland and wetland habitats is the most cost-effective way to deliver environmental targets. This approach, known as 'land sparing,' would cost just 48% of the funds required for 'land sharing' approaches, which...

SourceBritish Ecological Society·JournalPeople and Nature·TypeSurvey·DateDec 20, 2022
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

World’s longest-winged birds go easy on older partners

A new study found that wandering albatrosses with older partners take shorter feeding trips and return to the nest sooner, benefiting both parents. This behavior helps them assess how much pressure their partner can handle, ensuring they don't overwork each other.

SourceUniversity of Liverpool·JournalEcology and Evolution·DateDec 20, 2022

Everybody needs somebody

Researchers at Nara Institute of Science and Technology have developed a method to measure the congruence between contributor networks and library dependencies in open-source software ecosystems. By analyzing over 5.3 million change commits across 107,242 libraries, they found that libraries with high levels of matching contributions a...

SourceNara Institute of Science and Technology·JournalIEEE Transactions on Software Engineering·DateDec 20, 2022

Study on the origins of Omicron retracted

A recent study on Omicron's origins has been retracted due to contaminated genome sequences, casting doubt on the variant's emergence timeline. The Charité team, led by Prof. Jan Felix Drexler, is conducting a review of their analyses to address these concerns.

SourceCharité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin·JournalScience·DateDec 20, 2022

Strong and biodegradable

Scientists have created a new polyester material that combines mechanical stability with high biodegradability, making it an attractive alternative to traditional plastics. The innovative material, called polyester-2,18, was shown to degrade in lab experiments and pass industrial composting standards.

SourceUniversity of Konstanz·JournalAngewandte Chemie·DateDec 20, 2022
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Researchers disprove 30-year-old paradigm

A new method reveals that small vascular plants, not trees, played a greater role in reducing atmospheric CO2 levels. The study suggests that weathering, a process that involves the breakdown of minerals, is a more effective way to remove CO2 from the atmosphere.

SourceUniversity of Copenhagen - The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences·JournalNature Communications·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateDec 20, 2022

Should we tax robots?

A study by MIT economists suggests that a modest tax on robots and foreign trade could help address income inequality in the US. The optimal policy includes taxes ranging from 1% to 3.7% of robot value, with smaller trade taxes, aiming to reduce wage gaps without stifling economic growth.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalThe Review of Economic Studies·DateDec 20, 2022

Polymer chains unlinked

A new recycling process has been developed to convert Nylon-6 into ε-Caprolactam with over 95% selectivity and 90% yield, eliminating the need for solvents or toxic chemicals. This breakthrough offers a promising solution for managing plastic waste.

SourceWiley·JournalAngewandte Chemie International Edition·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 20, 2022
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Dementia was associated with COVID-19 mortality, but the association was weaker than in previously published studies

A retrospective cohort study of 28,311 COVID-19 patients in Germany found a significant association between dementia and increased risk of death. The association was weaker than previously reported studies, suggesting potential changes in the impact of dementia on COVID-19 mortality over time.

SourceIOS Press·JournalJournal of Alzheimer’s Disease·TypeMeta-analysis·DateDec 20, 2022

Myelin determines energy metabolism in inhibitory brain cells

Researchers found that myelin accumulates axonal mitochondria in PV cells, supporting their high energy demand due to intense activity. This differs from other cell types where mitochondria are evenly distributed or more abundant when myelin is reduced.

SourceNetherlands Institute for Neuroscience - KNAW·JournalNature Communications·DateDec 20, 2022

Hispanic and Latino young males with higher education, greater acculturation are more likely to use e-cigarettes

A Rutgers study found that Hispanic and Latino young men with higher education who were born in the US and speak mostly English at home are more likely to use e-cigarettes. The study analyzed data from 11,275 adult participants and found a high use of e-cigarettes among those under 45 years of age.

SourceRutgers University·JournalAmerican Journal of Medicine Open·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateDec 20, 2022
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

Technique for tracking resistant cancer cells could lead to new treatments for relapsing breast cancer patients

Researchers from the University of Cambridge have identified a method to track and kill resistant cancer cells in mice. By tagging different types of breast cancer cells with unique genetic barcodes, they were able to identify which cells are evading chemotherapy and target them specifically with a new treatment approach.

SourceUniversity of Cambridge·JournaleLife·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 20, 2022

Elucidating the mechanism of high proton conduction to develop clean energy materials

Scientists discover a new mechanism of high proton conduction in hexagonal perovskite-related oxides, utilizing oxygen-deficient layers and water uptake to produce superior proton conductors. These materials can be used for renewable energy production and storage devices, promising a more efficient transition to clean power.

SourceTokyo Institute of Technology·JournalAdvanced Functional Materials·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 20, 2022

Mothers’ alcohol use changed during the COVID-19 pandemic

A study by Ohio State University researchers found that mothers drank less frequently, but more drinks per day as the pandemic progressed. This increase in drinking volume raised concerns about binge drinking among mothers, particularly due to stress and social isolation during parenting.

SourceOhio State University·JournalAlcohol and Alcoholism·TypeObservational study·DateDec 20, 2022

Chinese Communist Party zero-covid “volunteers” have suffered from stress and anxiety, study shows

A new study reveals that Chinese Communist Party zero-covid volunteers have suffered from stress and anxiety due to the pressure of enforcing policies. The researchers found an increasingly pressurized grassroots infrastructure, with volunteers facing high workloads and hierarchical chains of command.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalJournal of Chinese Political Science·TypeObservational study·DateDec 20, 2022
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

Using an egg “soup” to understand how DNA is packed in the nucleus

A Medical University of South Carolina research team has discovered that HDAC1 plays a crucial role in packing DNA around histones, which can help target cancer cells with inhibitors. The novel egg extract system allows researchers to study DNA packing in real-time, outside of a cell.

SourceMedical University of South Carolina·JournalJournal of Biological Chemistry·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 20, 2022

What the inner ear of Europasaurus reveals about its life

Scientists studied fossil braincase material of Europasaurus, a long-necked herbivorous dinosaur from Northern Germany, to understand its reproductive and social behavior. The digital reconstruction of its inner ear showed that it had a good sense of hearing and possibly relied on balance immediately after hatching.

SourceUniversity of Vienna·JournaleLife·DateDec 20, 2022

Making the unimaginable possible in materials discovery

Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory develop a new method to create crystalline materials with two or more elements, yielding previously unknown compounds with exotic properties. The discovery has potential applications in superconductors, energy transmission, high-speed transportation, and energy-efficient microelectronics.

SourceDOE/Argonne National Laboratory·JournalNature·DateDec 20, 2022
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Promising antimalarial drug proves ineffective at saving children’s lives

A new study finds that rectal artesunate (RAS) does not improve survival rates for young children with severe malaria, highlighting the need for improved healthcare systems. The observational study, conducted in DR Congo, Nigeria, and Uganda, found that RAS was more likely to cause deaths than no treatment in some cases.

SourceSwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute·JournalThe Lancet Infectious Diseases·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateDec 20, 2022

​​​​​​​Two yardsticks published in Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology – third on the way

Two new yardsticks have been published by the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology to guide practitioners on treating eosinophilic esophagitis and managing cough in adults and adolescents. The yardsticks provide practical, evidence-based recommendations for clinical decision-making.

SourceAmerican College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology·JournalAnnals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology·DateDec 20, 2022

Investigators discover new mechanism to boost RNA therapies

Smidt Heart Institute researchers have identified a way to control the natural 'fight back' response of heart cells against RNA therapies, leading to increased effectiveness. By targeting specific microRNAs, they were able to stabilize the heartbeat and boost gene expression.

SourceCedars-Sinai Medical Center·JournalCell Reports Medicine·DateDec 20, 2022
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.