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Science News Archive March 2023 - Page 20


Page 20 of 44

KRICT has developed a breakthrough technology to achieve closed-loop recycling of textile wastes

Researchers at KRICT have developed a chemical sorting technology that separates polyester from mixed waste fabrics, allowing for clean and recyclable polyester feedstock. This innovation has the potential to significantly reduce environmental impact and promote circularity in textile recycling.

SourceNational Research Council of Science & Technology·JournalACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering·DateMar 20, 2023

Ultrafast beam-steering breakthrough at Sandia National Labs

Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have demonstrated the ability to dynamically steer light pulses from conventional, incoherent light sources using a semiconductor device. This breakthrough has significant implications for applications such as holograms, remote sensing, and self-driving cars.

SourceDOE/Sandia National Laboratories·JournalNature Photonics·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 20, 2023

Cans or bottles: What’s better for a fresh, stable beer?

Researchers find that beer flavor compounds change over time, regardless of packaging. Amber ale packaged in bottles showed greater variation during aging than cans, but IPA was more resistant due to its higher polyphenol content.

SourceAmerican Chemical Society·JournalACS Food Science & Technology·DateMar 20, 2023
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

Can lymph nodes boost the success of cancer immunotherapy?

Researchers found that immunotherapy can activate tumor-fighting T cells in nearby lymph nodes, potentially boosting efficacy against solid tumors. The study suggests leaving lymph nodes intact until after immunotherapy could improve treatment outcomes for patients with head and neck cancers.

SourceUniversity of California - San Francisco·JournalCell·DateMar 20, 2023

Emerging deforestation frontier in southwestern Amazon sees increase in burnings

A recent study found that the Amazon Rainforest in southwestern Brazil has experienced a significant increase in deforestation and burning, with 4,141 km² of forest destroyed between 2003 and 2019. The region's agricultural activities and infrastructure have contributed to this trend, posing a threat to conservation units and Indigenou...

SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·JournalFire·DateMar 20, 2023
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Speckle-illumination proves useful in photoacoustic microscopy

Researchers have successfully applied speckle illumination to photoacoustic microscopy, reducing tissue damage and improving image reconstruction. The technique harnesses the power of structured illumination methods initially developed for optical microscopy, allowing for more efficient imaging with acoustic detection.

SourceIntelligent Computing·JournalIntelligent Computing·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 20, 2023

Food FARMacia breaks the link between food insecurity and obesity in children

A new study found that a Food FARMacia program, which provided free and healthy foods to families in need, was associated with reduced childhood obesity outcomes and improved household food security. The program, which operated mobile pantries twice a month, showed a clinically significant decline in childhood obesity risk factors afte...

SourceColumbia University Irving Medical Center·JournalPediatric Obesity·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateMar 20, 2023

Muscle health depends on lipid synthesis

A study by IMBA researchers links muscle degeneration to a deficiency in the enzyme PCYT2, essential for lipid synthesis. PCYT2 depletion affects mitochondrial function and muscle energetics, highlighting the importance of lipid balance in muscle health.

SourceIMBA- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences·JournalNature Metabolism·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 20, 2023
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

How cross-sector coalitions can improve public health

A new study reveals that cross-sector coalitions can create effective policies, systems, and environments for change in addressing early childhood obesity. By bringing together individuals from government, public health, healthcare, and other arenas, coalitions can diffuse knowledge into social and professional networks, leading to inc...

SourceTufts University·JournalBMC Public Health·DateMar 20, 2023

Mind-control robots a reality

The University of Technology Sydney has developed a brain-computer interface technology that allows users to control devices such as robots and machines using only their thoughts. The technology has been successfully tested in various environments, achieving high accuracy rates of up to 94%. It also has significant potential in fields ...

SourceUniversity of Technology Sydney·JournalACS Applied Nano Materials·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 19, 2023

Transfer-tattoo-like cell-sheet delivery for wounds

A team of researchers developed a transfer-tattoo-like cell sheet that can be directly applied to targeted surfaces, facilitating cutaneous wound healing and promoting skin tissue regeneration. The system leverages natural cell migration between surfaces, eliminating the need for external stimuli and detachment processes.

SourcePohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH)·JournalAdvanced Materials·DateMar 19, 2023
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Demographic modeling plays back tape of wheat evolution

Researchers used demographic modeling to reconstruct wheat's evolutionary history during the Holocene, revealing its origins near the Caspian Sea and slow speciation process. The study also found that crop relatives are valuable for breeding resilient crops but face decline due to changes in human diets and climate change.

SourceChinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters·JournalNature Plants·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 19, 2023

Americans’ IQ scores are lower in some areas, higher in one

A new study found evidence of a reverse 'Flynn effect' in the US, with declines in verbal reasoning, matrix reasoning, and letter/number series scores, but an increase in 3D rotation scores. The study suggests that changing values and motivation may be contributing factors.

SourceNorthwestern University·JournalIntelligence·DateMar 19, 2023

Coherent Raman microscopy could be expanded through fusion of instruments and computers

Researchers review combination of instrumentation and computational approaches to coherent Raman scattering (CRS), enhancing signal amplification and breaking cross-section limits. Hyperspectral CRS offers potential for deciphering chemical compositions in complex environments, but requires algorithms for information extraction.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournaleLight·DateMar 19, 2023
Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition is a durable star atlas for planning sessions, identifying targets, and teaching celestial navigation.

Detecting the molecular vibration information faster by “stretching” time

The new upconversion time-stretch infrared spectroscopy (UC-TSIR) technique measures high-speed spectral data with improved resolution and increased spectral elements, enabling fast detection of molecular vibration information.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateMar 19, 2023

Reduced speckle on the horizon

Researchers have demonstrated an easy method to alter VCSELs to reduce speckles, improving their suitability for applications like lighting and holography. By changing the device shape, they introduced chaotic behavior, allowing more modes to be emitted and reducing speckle density.

SourceKing Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST)·JournalOptica·DateMar 19, 2023

Lighting up tumours could help surgeons remove them more precisely

Researchers have developed a new technique that combines real-time images with short-wave infrared light to differentiate between cancerous tumours and healthy tissue. This innovation has the potential to improve treatment outcomes for neuroblastoma patients by allowing surgeons to remove cancerous cells more precisely.

SourceUniversity College London·JournalCancer Research·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 19, 2023

British museum specimen gives insights into Australia’s rare Night Parrot

The rare Night Parrot's unique cranial adaptations, including asymmetrical skulls and enlarged ears, may help it survive with limited eyesight. The study uses high-resolution CT scans to reveal insights into the species' biology and behavior, highlighting its advanced audio capabilities.

SourceFlinders University·JournalEmu - Austral Ornithology·TypeImaging analysis·DateMar 19, 2023
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

New catalyst helps turn plastic waste into useful organosilane compounds

Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have developed a new catalyst that converts plastic and biomass into organosilane compounds. The hybrid gold nanoparticle catalyst on zirconium oxide support enables mild conditions for the reaction, reducing environmental burden.

SourceTokyo Metropolitan University·JournalJournal of the American Chemical Society·DateMar 18, 2023

Multi-drug resistant organisms can be transmitted between healthy dogs and cats and their hospitalised owners

A study of over 2,800 hospital patients and their companion animals found that sharing multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) between pets and owners is possible. However, the rate of MDRO transmission from pets to humans was very low, suggesting that neither cat nor dog ownership is a major risk factor for hospital-acquired infections.

SourceEuropean Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·DateMar 18, 2023

PaleoJump: High-quality data for the study of climate tipping points

The PaleoJump database offers a crucial tool for scientists to study abrupt transitions in the climate system. By analyzing pre-evaluated, relevant high-quality data archives, researchers can gain a clearer understanding of past climate change and its potential tipping points.

SourceUniversity of Copenhagen - Faculty of Science·DateMar 18, 2023

UCF researchers are getting to the heart of the matter

A team of UCF researchers is working on a new project to educate the next generation of nurses, nurse practitioners, and social workers to improve heart health in medically underserved communities. They are using high-fidelity simulation scenarios to foster inter- and intradisciplinary care.

SourceUniversity of Central Florida·DateMar 17, 2023

Investigating the effects on amide-to-ester substitutions on membrane permeability of cyclic peptides

Researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology discovered that amide-to-ester substitutions can significantly improve cyclic peptides' membrane permeability, making them suitable for clinical and therapeutic applications. The study used enhanced sampling molecular dynamics simulations to unravel the mechanism behind this effect.

SourceTokyo Institute of Technology·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 17, 2023
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

Association of household opioid availability with opioid overdose

A study found that having opioids at home increases the risk of overdose for those living with them, emphasizing the importance of proper disposal and education. Household prescription opioids are associated with a higher likelihood of overdose for others in the household, even if they don't have their own prescription.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateMar 17, 2023

Attending live sport improves wellbeing – study

New research by Anglia Ruskin University found that attending live sporting events boosts life satisfaction and sense of life being worthwhile, while reducing loneliness. The study used data from over 7,200 adults living in England and suggests that watching live sport can be an effective public health tool.

SourceAnglia Ruskin University·JournalFrontiers in Public Health·DateMar 17, 2023
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Chemical scissors enable structural editing of layered materials

Researchers developed a chemical scissors-mediated structural editing strategy to regulate the structure and elemental composition of MAX phases/MXenes. This approach enables the creation of novel MAX phase and MXene materials with improved functional applications.

SourceChinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters·JournalScience·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 17, 2023

Discovery of root anatomy gene may lead to breeding more resilient corn crops

A new discovery identified a gene encoding a transcription factor that triggers the development of root cortical aerenchyma, enabling corn roots to capture more water and nutrients from dry soil. This trait results in air passages forming in the roots, making them metabolically cheaper and more efficient in exploring the soil.

SourcePenn State·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 17, 2023

Numerical simulation of materials-oriented ultra-precision diamond cutting: Review and outlook

Researchers review numerical simulations for ultra-precision diamond cutting, exploring properties and microstructures of workpiece materials and their impact on the cutting process. The study provides guidelines for numerical simulations to predict machining responses for various materials.

SourceInternational Journal of Extreme Manufacturing·JournalInternational Journal of Extreme Manufacturing·DateMar 17, 2023
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Few Medicaid-participating primary care physicians providing longer-acting birth control methods

A new study published in JAMA Health Forum finds that nearly half of primary care physicians treating Medicaid patients provide prescription contraception, while only 10% offer longer-acting methods like IUDs and implants. The research highlights the need for policy approaches tailored to different physician specialties to ensure acces...

SourceGeorge Washington University·JournalJAMA Health Forum·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMar 17, 2023

Scientists identify the mechanisms leading to resistance to lung cancer treatment with Sotorasib, the first KRAS inhibitor

Researchers studied how tumors adapt to Sotorasib and found that gene amplification and transcriptional programs lead to resistance. This knowledge can help develop targeted treatments for patients with KRAS mutations, potentially increasing survival rates.

SourceCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO)·JournalJournal of Clinical Investigation·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 17, 2023

Women working rotating shifts especially likely to be frail, York study finds

A York University study found that rotating shift work is associated with an increased risk of frailty among middle-aged and older workers in Canada, especially for women. The research used a comprehensive approach to investigate the relationship between shift work and frailty, which may be linked to circadian rhythm disruptions.

SourceYork University·JournalJournal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·TypeObservational study·DateMar 17, 2023

Researchers develop biodegradable, biorecyclable glass

A research group has developed a family of eco-friendly glass fabricated from biologically derived amino acids or peptides. The proposed glass is biodegradable and biorecyclable due to its unique combination of functional properties, including excellent optical characteristics and good mechanical properties.

SourceChinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters·JournalScience Advances·DateMar 17, 2023
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Uppsala scientists reveal protein synthesis mechanism in Giardia parasite

Researchers used cryo-electron microscopy to visualize the protein synthesis mechanism in Giardia intestinalis, resolving high-resolution structures of six different states of elongation. These findings provide valuable information for screening specific drugs against Giardia and other protozoan parasites.

SourceUppsala University·JournalNucleic Acids Research·DateMar 17, 2023

Aging | Senescence-associated exosomes transfer fibrosis to neighboring cells

Researchers found that senescence-associated exosomes (SA-EXOs) from MSCs induce fibrosis and activate invasive characteristics in neighboring cells via the TGF-β pathway. SA-EXOs play a large role in cancer-related fibrosis, and their unique miRNA content influences myofibroblast phenotypes.

SourceImpact Journals LLC·JournalAging-US·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 17, 2023

Better simulations of neutron scattering

Researchers developed a new 'next-event estimator' (NEE) called eTLE to increase Tripoli-4¹'s precision using Monte Carlo simulations. The approach improves accuracy in predicting neutron scattering in crystalline media, paving the way for more accurate predictions in nuclear reactors.

SourceSpringer·JournalThe European Physical Journal Plus·DateMar 17, 2023

DOE renews CABBI for five more years

The DOE has committed $237.9 million to the Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI) for a five-year extension, continuing groundbreaking work toward U.S. energy independence. Researchers will develop fuels and products by integrating three highly interconnected priority areas.

SourceUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Institute for Sustainability, Energy, and Environment·DateMar 17, 2023
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Breaking bonds: Double-helix unzipping reveals DNA physics

Researchers reconstructed thermodynamics of double helix formation and breaking using simulated DNA unzipping speed. The technique can be applied to other molecular systems, including molecular motors.

SourceScuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati·JournalPhysical Review Letters·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateMar 17, 2023

New machine-learning approach enables to identify one molecule in a billion molecules selectively with graphene sensors

Researchers developed a machine learning model that maps graphene-gas molecule van der Waals complex bonding evolution for selective gas detection. The model achieved 100% accuracy in distinguishing between different atmospheric environments, showcasing its potential for environmental monitoring and non-invasive medical diagnosis.

SourceJapan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology·JournalSensors and Actuators B Chemical·DateMar 17, 2023

River deltas: Valuable and under threat

Millions of people living in river deltas face risk due to human activities such as damming and levee construction. Climate change is just one part of the story; local resource management can have a greater impact on delta sustainability.

SourceStanford Woods Institute for the Environment·JournalOne Earth·DateMar 17, 2023

Young children develop better learning skills when taught by teachers of the same ethnicity, national US study suggests

A new national US study suggests that young children who are taught by a teacher of the same ethnicity as themselves develop better learning and problem-solving skills by the age of seven. The effect was most pronounced in Black and Latinx children, with improved working memory and reading achievement scores.

SourceTaylor & Francis Group·JournalEarly Education and Development·DateMar 17, 2023
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Qubits put new spin on magnetism: Boosting applications of quantum computers

Research using a quantum computer has designed and characterized tailor-made magnetic objects using qubits, opening up new approaches to develop materials and robust quantum computing. The study demonstrates the ability to create magnetic quasicrystal lattices that can host states beyond classical information technology.

SourceDOE/Los Alamos National Laboratory·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 17, 2023

Noise harming ocean invertebrates and ecosystems

Human activities are causing rapid changes to the ocean soundscape, harming invertebrates through cellular and ecosystem-level impacts. The study highlights the sensitivity of various invertebrates to underwater sound and emphasizes the need for urgent research and mitigation strategies.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalFrontiers in Marine Science·TypeLiterature review·DateMar 17, 2023

New gene-editing technique reverses vision loss in mice

Researchers have successfully restored vision in mice with retinitis pigmentosa using a new CRISPR-based genome editing technique. The PE SpRY system corrected genetic mutations and restored normal electrical responses to light, preserving vision into old age. This breakthrough offers potential for treating inherited blindness.

SourceRockefeller University Press·JournalJournal of Experimental Medicine·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 17, 2023

Boosting survival of a beneficial bacterium in the human gut

A Yale study found that beneficial gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron responds to starvation for carbon by sequestering essential transcription factor in membrane-less compartment, increasing its activity and modifying gene expression. This mechanism enables colonization of mammalian gut and reveals a vital strategy for

SourceYale University·JournalScience·DateMar 17, 2023
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

New study counts the environmental cost of managing Japanese knotweed

A Swansea University research study has evaluated the long-term environmental impacts of different Japanese knotweed management methods. The study found that glyphosate-based foliar spray control is the most sustainable approach, using the least materials and having the lowest economic costs.

SourceSwansea University·JournalScientific Reports·TypeObservational study·DateMar 17, 2023

Step forward in gene therapy to treat cause of sudden cardiac arrest in athletes

Researchers have discovered a new strategy for treating arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy by restoring the trafficking protein GJA1-20k, which enables healthy connections between heart cells. This finding may also be applicable to treating dangerous arrhythmias associated with other conditions.

SourceUniversity of Utah Health·JournalCirculation Research·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 17, 2023

The most beautiful strongly bound dibaryon

Physicists from Tata Institute of Fundamental Research and The Institute of Mathematical Science have predicted the existence of a deeply bound dibaryon made of two triply bottom Omega baryons. This finding elucidates strong forces in baryon-baryon interactions, potentially explaining nuclear bindings.

SourceTata Institute of Fundamental Research·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateMar 17, 2023