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Science News Archive October 2023 - Page 23


Page 23 of 37

Study finds global climate change adaptation actions are too uncoordinated

A new study reveals that climate adaptation efforts are lacking in global coordination, with individuals and households shouldering the majority of the burden. Comprehensive collaboration between actor groups is necessary for effective adaptation, especially in rural areas where state actors play a more significant role in urban areas.

SourceThe Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture·JournalNature Climate Change·DateOct 12, 2023

Research reveals how smell can influence our perception of color

Researchers found that participants chose different grey colours when exposed to various scents, such as coffee and caramel. The study suggests that our sense of smell can influence how we perceive colour, with the presence of certain odours leading to anticipated correspondences in colour perception.

SourceUniversity of Liverpool·JournalFrontiers in Psychology·DateOct 12, 2023

New research sheds fresh light on mystery of infant consciousness

A study published in Trends in Cognitive Science found that infants are capable of conscious experiences from birth, which can shape their sense of self and understanding of the environment. This breakthrough has important implications for clinical, ethical, and legal aspects of infant care and development.

SourceTrinity College Dublin·JournalTrends in Cognitive Sciences·DateOct 12, 2023
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Local chemical pressure experimentally sensed by optical probe

Researchers have successfully developed an optical probe to measure local chemical pressure, which can simulate the effects of physical pressure. The approach involves using a site-selective optical probe to detect changes in emission peaks, reflecting the pressure experienced by a polyhedral motif.

SourceScience China Press·JournalNational Science Review·DateOct 12, 2023
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

The fuel economy of a microswimmer

A new model describes microswimmer self-propulsion energy requirements, enabling optimized shape designs and applications in microfluidics, biophysics, and material science. The study reveals surprising similarities between artificial and natural shapes.

SourceMax Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization·JournalNature Communications·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateOct 12, 2023

The effects of preheating on vehicle fuel consumption and emissions appear minimal

A new study by the University of Eastern Finland found that preheating a vehicle has minimal effects on both fuel economy and emissions under cold winter conditions. While preheating showed some benefits in terms of engine comfort and wear reduction, its impact on overall fuel consumption was only slightly lower than after a cold start.

SourceUniversity of Eastern Finland·JournalApplied Energy·DateOct 12, 2023

Around the globe, climate adaptation lacks coordination

A recent study reveals that climate adaptation efforts globally are largely isolated and uncoordinated, with a lack of cohesion in task distribution among various actors. Comprehensive, just, and forward-thinking adaptation requires involvement from multiple groups, including governments, organizations, and individuals.

SourceUniversity of Hamburg·JournalNature Climate Change·TypeMeta-analysis·DateOct 12, 2023
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

BU researchers suggest new approach for testing treatments for osteoarthritis

Researchers propose a new approach to testing treatments for osteoarthritis by focusing on individuals who sustain knee trauma, such as ACL tears. This approach identifies a high-risk group of patients with early disease, allowing for targeted treatment and prevention strategies.

SourceBoston University School of Medicine·JournalAnnals of the Rheumatic Diseases·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateOct 12, 2023

LSU Health’s fish study finds clinic-based community program improved food security and health

A clinic-based community program improved food security scores, healthy eating behaviors, and depression scores in a vulnerable, food-insecure population. The Geaux Get Healthy Clinical Program provided comprehensive education and access to resources, leveraging community partnerships.

SourceLouisiana State University Health Sciences Center·JournalNutrients·TypeObservational study·DateOct 12, 2023
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Cell atlases of the human brain presented in Science

Two parallel projects publish detailed cell atlases of the adult human brain and brain development, revealing over 3,000 cell types, including new insights into brain diseases and potential therapeutic targets. The freely available brain atlases will enable researchers to compare healthy brains with diseased ones.

SourceKarolinska Institutet·JournalScience·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023

Stress wrecks male big brown bat fertility during breeding season

A study found that acute stress has a sudden and dramatic effect on the fertility of male big brown bats during breeding season, with testosterone levels plummeting by ~50% and sperm production reduced. The team also discovered that stressed bats released more of a key hormone that can reduce fertility and ability to reproduce.

SourceThe Company of Biologists·JournalJournal of Experimental Biology·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023

"Two-factor" screening of newborns enhances congenital hearing loss management

A study involving 119,606 Chinese newborns found that concurrent hearing and high-throughput genetic screening significantly enhances congenital hearing loss management. The detection rate of certain gene mutations was also reported, highlighting the importance of considering multiple factors for accurate diagnosis.

SourceBGI Genomics·JournalInternational Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateOct 12, 2023

A step towards understanding early interventions for Huntington’s Disease

A recent study published in Nature Medicine suggests that complement proteins and microglia can be activated early in the development of Huntington's Disease, leading to synapse loss and cognitive decline. By blocking these proteins, researchers were able to prevent or slow cognitive defects and motor symptoms in animal models.

SourceBoston Children's Hospital·JournalNature Medicine·DateOct 12, 2023
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

AI researchers expose critical vulnerabilities within major LLMs

Researchers from Mindgard and Lancaster University exposed vulnerabilities in major Large Language Models (LLMs) that can be copied for as little as $50. This 'model leeching' attack allows attackers to gain insights into how LLMs work, enabling them to launch targeted attacks with an increased success rate.

SourceLancaster University·DateOct 12, 2023

UTSA study could remove carbon emissions from atmosphere

Researchers at UTSA have been awarded a grant to develop a new technology that converts carbon dioxide into a raw material for producing chemical products. The project has the potential to create a productive area of catalysis research and reduce greenhouse emissions.

SourceUniversity of Texas at San Antonio·DateOct 12, 2023

Association for molecular pathology publishes best practice recommendations for liquid biopsy assay validations

The Association for Molecular Pathology published guidelines for validating and reporting clinical circulating tumor DNA assays. The recommendations aim to promote standardization and quality improvement in liquid biopsy assays, which have emerged as a key technology in molecular diagnostics.

SourceAssociation for Molecular Pathology·JournalJournal of Molecular Diagnostics·DateOct 12, 2023
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

New center addresses global climate change impacts on water, other resources

The new Global Center on Climate Change, Water, Energy, Food, and Health Systems program will address the impacts of climate change on rural and refugee communities in Jordan. The three-year program will focus on health effects research, health equity, intervention research, and training and capacity building.

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·DateOct 12, 2023

Flagship individuals can boost conservation

A new study suggests that individual animals, like Lua the Antillean manatee, can be used as flagships to encourage engagement and behavioural change in conservation. These charismatic species often have unique characteristics that make them appealing to humans and can inspire policy changes.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalFrontiers in Ecology and the Environment·DateOct 12, 2023

Omega watch: Researchers develop new blood test for measuring levels of critical omega-3 fatty acids

A new blood test has been developed to measure the levels of critical omega-3 fatty acids in the bloodstream, providing a convenient way to assess cardiovascular and cognitive health. The Omega-3 Index (O3I) is derived from two key fatty acids, EPA and DHA, which can be obtained only from certain dietary sources.

SourceMcMaster University·JournalJournal of Lipid Research·TypeObservational study·DateOct 12, 2023

Astronomy: One small step towards lunar roads

A proof-of-concept study demonstrates the viability of using lasers to melt lunar soil into a solid substance for paving. The technique could be used to mitigate dust issues and facilitate transport on the Moon by creating roads and landing pads.

SourceScientific Reports·JournalScientific Reports·DateOct 12, 2023

Engineered bacteria guide CAR-T cells to poorly infiltrated solid tumors

A new probiotic-guided chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T platform uses engineered bacteria to infiltrate and produce synthetic antigen targets, enabling CAR-T cells to find and destroy tumor cells in situ. The approach expands the scope of CAR-T cell therapy to include solid tumors, which are poorly infiltrated by T cells.

SourceAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)·JournalScience·DateOct 12, 2023
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Latest findings of recent positive selections in the immunoglobulin heavy chain genes and alcohol metabolism-related genes in the Han Chinese population

Researchers identified 24 genetic loci under recent selection in Han Chinese, including a risk allele for systemic lupus erythematosus that may have improved survival in extreme environments. The study also found novel genes related to alcohol metabolism and olfactory perception under selection.

SourceScience China Press·JournalScience Bulletin·DateOct 12, 2023

Common drug can improve hand osteoarthritis symptoms: Study

A Monash University study found that methotrexate, a low-cost and effective treatment for inflammatory joint conditions, can reduce pain and stiffness in patients with symptomatic hand OA. The study's results suggest that methotrexate may be a viable treatment option for people with hand osteoarthritis and inflammation.

SourceMonash University·JournalThe Lancet·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateOct 12, 2023
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Programmed cell death may be 1.8 billion years old

A recent study found that apoptotic factors in eukaryotes have a bacterial or mitochondrial origin, suggesting conservation over 1.8 billion years. The researchers proposed an alternative scenario where early protoeukaryotes domesticated bacteria to produce toxins, which eventually evolved into apoptotic factors.

SourceSMBE Journals (Molecular Biology and Evolution and Genome Biology and Evolution)·JournalGenome Biology and Evolution·TypeObservational study·DateOct 12, 2023

Enlightening insects: Morpho butterfly nanostructure inspires technology for bright, balanced lighting

Researchers at Osaka University developed a water-repelling nanostructured light diffuser that surpasses the functionality of other common diffusers. The diffuser uses randomly arranged self-cleaning nanopatterns to produce high transmittance and wide angular spread, making it useful for visual displays and energy-saving windows.

SourceOsaka University·JournalAdvanced Optical Materials·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023

Advertising rental housing in Spanish puts off many potential renters

A recent study from University of Wisconsin-Madison researcher Max Besbris found that non-Spanish speaking Americans perceive Spanish housing ads as indicative of less desirable housing options, leading to racial segregation. The study suggests that language in online rental housing advertisements shapes people's perceptions of their p...

SourceUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison·JournalSociological Science·DateOct 12, 2023
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.

Valence conversion and site reconstruction in near-infrared-emitting chromium-activated garnet for simultaneous enhancement of quantum efficiency and thermal stability

Researchers developed a new garnet material with enhanced quantum efficiency and thermal stability, using chemical unit cosubstitution. The material shows promising applications in bio-tissue imaging, night-vision, and information encryption.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateOct 12, 2023

Traumatic memories can rewire the brain

Researchers have discovered that traumatic memories create new neural networks and associations between distinct networks, enabling fear-based learning and recall. The study used optical and machine-learning approaches to visualize the dynamics of brain activity during memory formation.

SourceNational Institutes of Natural Sciences·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023

Red blood cell transfusion in the ICU

Red blood cell transfusions were common in ICU patients globally, with overlapping reasons for use despite differing clinical contexts. The three most common triggers for transfusion (hypotension, tachycardia, hemodynamic instability) were largely consistent across regions.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA·DateOct 12, 2023

Self-correcting quantum computers within reach?

A Harvard team has successfully developed a self-correcting quantum computer using neutral atom arrays, achieving near-flawless performance with extremely low error rates. The breakthrough enables the creation of large-scale, error-corrected devices based on neutral atoms.

SourceHarvard University·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Widely tuneable terahertz lasers boost photo-induced superconductivity in K3C60

Scientists at Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter discovered a way to create a superconducting-like state in K3C60 using laser light. By tuning the laser frequency, they reduced pulse intensity by a factor of 100 while maintaining high temperatures.

SourceMax Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter·JournalNature Physics·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023

HKU and HKUST physicists unlock controllable nonlinear hall effect in twisted bilayer graphene - promising for diverse application in new materials and quantum information industries

A team of international researchers has discovered a controllable nonlinear Hall effect in twisted bilayer graphene, which holds promise for applications in new materials and quantum information industries. The nonlinear transport behaviour can be easily controlled and manipulated by adjusting the dispersion of flat bands and twist ang...

SourceThe University of Hong Kong·JournalPhysical Review Letters·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023

New catalyst could provide liquid hydrogen fuel of the future

Researchers at Lund University have demonstrated a method for converting isopropanol into hydrogen using a solid catalyst, paving the way for a liquid fuel that can be delivered at a pump. The process has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and could be used in larger vehicles such as buses and aircraft.

SourceLund University·JournalCatalysis Science & Technology·DateOct 12, 2023
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

Plastic production via advanced recycling lowers GHG emissions

Producing new plastic via advanced recycling of post-use plastic reduces GHG emissions by 18-23% and fossil energy use by 65-70%. The study analyzed 2017-2021 data from eight companies and found a further 40-50% reduction when factoring in current end-of-life practices.

SourceDOE/Argonne National Laboratory·JournalJournal of Cleaner Production·DateOct 12, 2023

DNA methylation: The hidden mechanism enabling plants to adapt in a warmer world

A recent study found that temperature variations during asexual propagation induce significant hereditary epigenetic and phenotypic modifications in Fragaria vesca ecotypes. DNA methylation patterns play a crucial role in this process, with noticeable differences between 18℃ and 28℃ conditions.

SourceNanjing Agricultural University The Academy of Science·JournalHorticulture Research·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023

Unlocking the secrets of cold tolerance: a deep dive into tomato plants' molecular responses to chilling stress

This study examines the molecular dynamics of tomato seedlings under cold stress, revealing transcriptional reprogramming and cryoprotectant biosynthesis. The results highlight the importance of understanding plant responses to environmental stressors and their impact on crop health.

SourceNanjing Agricultural University The Academy of Science·JournalHorticulture Research·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 12, 2023

Polyoxometalates and ionic liquid enhance solid-state lithium-ion electrolyte performance

Researchers have developed a composite solid electrolyte membrane that increases the ion conductivity of solid-state electrolytes, enabling safer and more efficient lithium-ion batteries. The addition of polyoxometalates and an ionic liquid enhances lithium ion movement, achieving three times higher conductivity than membranes prepared...

SourceTsinghua University Press·JournalPolyoxometalates·DateOct 12, 2023
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

What can we learn from the Great Resignation?

A study by the Complexity Science Hub analyzed work discourse on Reddit between 2018 and 2021, finding that mental health concerns significantly contributed to the surge in quit rates. The study suggests that companies can improve working conditions by prioritizing employees' relational and self-fulfillment needs.

SourceComplexity Science Hub·JournalEPJ Data Science·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateOct 12, 2023

Self-wrinkling coating for impact resistance and mechanical enhancement

Researchers developed a self-wrinkled coating that boosts impact resistance and mechanical enhancement through a unique photo-polymerization process. The coating's microphase-separated structure and gradient cross-linked architecture enable energy dissipation and improved performance, outperforming conventional methods.

SourceScience China Press·JournalScience Bulletin·DateOct 12, 2023

Size matters: How body size shapes dogs' aging patterns

A study of 15,000 dogs found that body size significantly impacts aging patterns, with smaller dogs living longer and experiencing slower decline rates. Larger dogs show an earlier onset of age-related decline but maintain cognitive health longer.

SourceEötvös Loránd University·JournalGeroScience·DateOct 12, 2023

Hostile sexism linked to less responsive parenting

A new study finds that fathers and mothers who hold sexist attitudes towards men's power and authority exhibit less responsive parenting behavior, which can lead to behavioral issues and lower academic achievement. The research highlights the need for addressing hostile sexism to improve child well-being and reduce gender inequality.

SourceSociety for Personality and Social Psychology·JournalSocial Psychological and Personality Science·TypeSurvey·DateOct 12, 2023
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Coffee and cocoa plants at risk from pollinator loss

A new study reveals that tropical crops relying on insect pollinators are under threat from climate change and agricultural activities. The research found significant declines in insect pollinator abundance and richness, with the tropics being the most vulnerable region.

SourceUniversity College London·JournalScience Advances·DateOct 12, 2023