Researchers found wearing masks led to a 2.76 case reduction per 100,000 people, while shelter-in-place measures prevented hundreds of thousands of deaths. The study aimed to dispel misinformation about nonpharmaceutical interventions.
A study by the University of Sheffield found that breast cancer cells take advantage of nutrients in the extracellular matrix when faced with nutrient starvation. The cells use an ingestion process called macropinocytosis to consume the matrix, breaking it down into energy-releasing substrates.
A new database of marine microbes has been created, revealing insights into the ocean's diversity and its impact on climate change. The catalog provides unprecedented information on which microbes live where and what they do.
A recent neuroscientific study investigated whether violent video games affect adult empathy. Contrary to previous findings, the research found no negative impact on empathy and brain activity. The study's authors caution against jumping to conclusions, emphasizing the need for further research to understand potential effects on vulner...
A study by Christina Andrews and her team found substantial variation in prior authorization use among different states and plan types. For-profit plans and those located in Republican-majority states were more likely to impose prior authorization policies, restricting access to life-saving treatment buprenorphine.
A NIMS research team developed a hybrid material capable of simultaneously exhibiting three types of TEC phenomena, including magneto-thermoelectric effects. By incorporating permanent magnets, the team achieved improved transverse TEC efficiency without external magnetic fields.
Research from University of South Australia shows professional firefighters have lower movement quality as they age, which could put them at greater risk of injury. Functional strength training can help maintain a fit and healthy workforce.
Rice University engineers have developed a hybrid urban water supply system that combines conventional, centralized water sources with reclaimed wastewater to save energy and reduce freshwater use. The system is also more resilient against disruptions such as hurricanes and flooding.
Researchers studied newspaper ads from Dust Bowl states in 1934 to understand how businesses and companies reached consumers during a dual crisis. The study found that essential services used informational approaches while nonessential services relied on sensory appeals, offering valuable lessons for current mass media during emergencies.
Researchers discuss reductive carboxylation of glutamine as a potential target in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an aggressive cancer with poor patient outcomes. The approach aims to weaken tumor cell survival mechanisms, potentially leading to novel therapies and improved patient outcomes.
This special issue highlights promising research projects developing scalable digital technology solutions for improved heart and brain health. Smartphone-based assessments and point-of-care echocardiography have shown promise in diverse populations, including those with latent rheumatic heart disease and dementia.
Researchers developed a new imaging technique to visualize the tumor microenvironment of glioblastoma, revealing insights into its pathology. The technique uses PET imaging with Carbon-11 acetate, tracking reactive astrocytes and distinguishing them from tumor cells.
A new system-on-chip employs silicon photonics to process broadband information, reducing latency through direct analogue processing. The device successfully tested in two dynamic interference scenarios, demonstrating error-free operation and maintaining signal-to-noise ratios over 15 dB.
A West Virginia University study found that teens' personality traits and social media platform use are linked to depressive symptoms. Teens with higher levels of extraversion tend to experience fewer depressive symptoms on Instagram, while those with lower extraversion may be at risk for more severe symptoms.
New research reveals that domestication impacts the microbial communities associated with crops. The study found consistent effects on the plant microbiota across independently domesticated crop species in Mesoamerica and South America. Changes in seed mineral content were linked to changes in microbiome composition.
A systematic review of 14 peer-reviewed studies found that video gamers are exposed to high sound levels, often exceeding permissible safe limits. The authors urge greater public health efforts to raise awareness of potential risks, as there were over 3 billion gamers worldwide in 2022.
Researchers found that biodiversity data is concentrated in wealthy countries, with implications for conservation projects. This context should be considered to prevent inequitable implementation, Chapman argues. The team hopes to see more inclusive science policy collaboration to ensure that biodiversity data is applied justly.
A phase 3 trial has shown that the novel drug acoramidis achieves near-complete stabilization of TTR proteins, slowing or halting disease progression. The treatment reduced hospitalizations for heart-related events and increased distance walked over six minutes.
Researchers uncover key mechanisms behind 2021's Pacific Northwest 'Heat Dome', attributing it to human-caused warming and natural systems. The study reveals the interplay between atmospheric dynamics, soil moisture, and climate change shapes extreme weather conditions.
A new study by University of Florida researcher Arch Mainous III found that people with chronic inflammation living in poverty have a significantly increased risk of dying from heart disease (127% increase) and cancer (196% increase) within 15 years. The study analyzed data from over 95 million Americans ages 40 and over, highlighting ...
Boston University School of Public Health researchers Sondra Crosby and Leonard Glantz denounce rectal feeding practices at CIA secret prisons, equating them to torture. They call for medical officers who authorized or participated in these nonconsensual practices to be held accountable for violating ethical and legal standards.
A new type of contact lens has been developed to diagnose glaucoma by monitoring eye pressure, providing a more accurate diagnosis and easier treatment. The lenses contain micro-sensors that track changes in intraocular pressure over several hours, sending the data wirelessly for analysis by an ophthalmologist.
Researchers at UC Davis have found that ultrafast laser pulses can significantly reduce the energy needs of data storage. The pulses accelerate magnetic domains, allowing for faster and more stable memory storage. This technology has the potential to revolutionize spintronic devices such as hard disk drives.
A new study conducted by Qianwei Liu and colleagues found that parents of children with cancer are more likely to attempt suicide during the first years after diagnosis. The risk is higher for parents whose child was diagnosed under 18 or had an aggressive form of cancer.
The Lehigh University Plasma Control Group is working on advanced controls and machine learning to improve plasma dynamics simulation capabilities and stabilize superheated gases in future reactors. The goal is to address technological issues with ITER and FPP, ensuring safe and controllable operation.
Researchers at George Mason University, led by Assistant Professor Pudukotai Dinakarrao, are working on a project to protect autonomous vehicle supply chains from backdoor attacks. The team aims to deploy an approach that can mitigate and avoid such attacks, with funding provided by the Virginia Innovation Partnership Authority.
HudsonAlpha researchers have identified a major gene involved in neurodegenerative diseases, tau, and its regulatory regions. The study found 97 candidate regulatory elements that control tau expression, some of which may hold promise for new therapeutic targets.
The samples from Wild 2 comet have revealed a record of the solar system's dynamic formative years, shedding light on the events that shaped its history. Researchers have found unusual carbon-iron assemblages and precursors to igneous spherules in the comet material.
Soil nitrogen mineralization is a key process controlling soil nitrogen availability to plants. The study found that soil N mineralization rate and nitrate release varied with elevation, soil pH, and other factors. Soil N mineralization plays a crucial role in agricultural sustainability, but excessive nitrate release can lead to water...
A study by Pusan National University researchers found a significant association between Cutibacterium acnes and lichen striatus hypopigmentation, suggesting the potential for targeted therapy to reduce LS duration and hypopigmentation. The research team identified other likely candidates in skin microbiota imbalance.
A KAIST research team developed an anti-icing film coating technology using gold nanoparticles and cellulose nanocrystals. The film can uniformly pattern gold nanorods in quadrants through simple evaporation, achieving enhanced plasmonic photothermal properties.
Climate change in the South China Sea region is linked to changes in global weather patterns, including droughts and humidity shifts. The study highlights the complex interactions between ocean, land, and atmosphere, which drive climate change and impact regions worldwide.
Researchers used quantum support vector machines to classify flow separation and angle of attack with increased accuracy, solving complex problems faster and more accurately than classical methods.
A study by Tufts University found that employer-sponsored health insurance costs are holding back wage growth, with premiums eating up a growing proportion of workers' compensation. This has contributed to income inequality, particularly among Black and Hispanic families, as well as lower-wage workers.
Researchers at UB have developed a new deepfake detection algorithm that reduces biases in facial recognition, with one method classifying videos based on demographics and the other relying on features not visible to the human eye. The algorithms improved fairness metrics and reduced disparities in accuracy across races and genders.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science discovered that manipulating polyamines enhances the functional profiles of monoclonal antibodies. The study found that controlling polyamine levels increases IgG galactosylation, leading to improved therapeutic efficacy.
The Pediatric Cancer Research Foundation is offering $100,000 in scholarships to eligible students affected by pediatric cancer. The scholarships support students pursuing higher education and aim to help them realize their dreams after a life-altering illness.
Australian research predicts a surge in same-level workplace falls among older women due to the growing number of females in the workforce. The study analyzed hospital admission records and found that women aged 45 and older account for 21% of these falls.
Researchers discover antibody-dependent enhancement of toxicity (ADET), a phenomenon where antibodies can amplify venom's potency. The breakthrough contributes to expediting the development of a new generation of antivenom, potentially saving millions from snakebites yearly.
Ocean Networks Canada is establishing a new Antarctic Ocean observatory in partnership with the Spanish National Research Council. This initiative will provide year-round, near real-time data on ocean conditions, advancing scientific understanding of the Southern Ocean and Antarctic Ocean.
Despite pandemic disruptions, emergency visits, hospital admissions, and intensive care unit stays were lower for children. However, there were delays in new diagnoses of cancer and diabetes, and an increase in diabetic ketoacidosis among children with diabetes. Researchers urge education campaigns to improve future pandemic preparedness.
A manned submersible has found a 26m-high fault scarp of the 2011 Tohoku-oki megaquake in the Japan Trench, revealing a coseismic movement of the fault. The study suggests a 80–120m slip of the fault, contributing to our understanding of tsunami genesis and hazards.
Researchers have developed an AI-enabled bio-logger that captures rare bird behaviors, including vigorous head shaking before flight and deep-sea mating rituals. The system uses outlier detection to identify unusual behaviors in real-time, providing valuable insights into animal biology and ecology.
A study published in eLife found that nerve fibers in the human skin are ensheathed by keratinocytes, which may play a role in communicating information about external stimuli to the central nervous system. This discovery could lead to new avenues for treating patients with small fiber neuropathy.
Researchers found that a team intervention provided by phone leads to persistent improvements in depression, anxiety, and quality of life for people managing chronic illnesses. The program demonstrated early, persistent, and clinically meaningful improvements in adults with COPD, HF, or ILD.
Scientists have created a new therapy using nanoparticles to target specific immune cells responsible for allergic responses. The approach, which combines an allergen with antibodies that selectively inhibit mast cells, has shown promising results in a mouse study, preventing allergic reactions without causing side effects.
A study of U.S. families with employer-sponsored health insurance found a significant association between rising premiums and reduced annual earnings, as well as increased earnings inequality by race and ethnicity and wage level. The research suggests that this growth may have contributed to wage stagnation over the past three decades.
Interpersonal violence among college athletes is linked to significant declines in psychosocial health and emotional well-being, particularly among female and non-heterosexual athletes. The survey found that variations in coaching style can influence these associations, highlighting the need for coaches to create safe environments.
Researchers from the University of Surrey created a new way to monitor air quality in real-time, empowering communities to take action. The study found that large gatherings and outdoor pollution can worsen indoor air quality, but knowledge is power. Public awareness campaigns led to tips on improving ventilation in homes and workplaces.
Researchers found that ovarian cancer cells spread more easily in tissues that are senescent or aged due to the secretion of a unique extracellular matrix. This matrix attracts cancer cells and allows them to attach and spread faster, potentially leading to worse outcomes in older populations.
Breast cancer cells survive by consuming the extracellular matrix when nutrients are scarce. The process involves macropinocytosis and metabolic conversion of key amino acids to energy-releasing substrates. This mechanism could represent a novel therapeutic target.
Researchers at MIT have mapped out the chemical reaction involved in proton-coupled electron transfers, a critical step in many energy technologies. They found that changes in pH affect the rate of proton motion and electron flow within the electrode.
A study published in Transplantation Proceedings found an association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and increased mortality in solid organ transplant recipients. Patients with MASH had a higher risk of death compared to those without, highlighting the importance of early identification.
Researchers have shown that combining poverty with chronic inflammation worsens health outcomes, increasing heart disease and cancer mortality rates. The study analyzed data from nearly 95 million adults and found a synergistic effect of poverty and inflammation on mortality.
A new study links increased acetaminophen use during pregnancy, particularly in the second trimester, to noticeable increases in attention and behavior problems in 2-, 3- and 4-year-olds. The study found modest but notable increases in attention-related issues and ADHD-type behaviors with increasing acetaminophen use.
Researchers used hyperspectral reflectance to differentiate Scots pine seedlings from lowland and upland ecotypes, achieving up to 83% accuracy. The study demonstrates the potential of non-destructive genetic evaluation and effective nursery practices in forestry and breeding programs.
The CACHE Challenge series has identified seven promising molecules with potential for new, more effective drugs for familial Parkinson's disease. The open science competition, funded by The Michael J. Fox Foundation and Conscience, used AI to predict hits and validated experimental results.
A nurse practitioner at The Hospital for Sick Children reduced invasive scans by 58% after using an AI model to analyze ultrasounds. She developed a new type of bias called induced belief revision through repeated exposure to the model.
A new Northwestern University-led fuel cell harvests energy from microbes in soil to power underground sensors, potentially offering a sustainable alternative to batteries. The technology outlasts similar technologies by 120% and can operate in both wet and dry conditions.
Researchers found that counties with higher uninsured rates and reduced access to mental health services have higher opioid prescriptions. Conversely, better healthcare quality was associated with a greater drop in opioid prescriptions over time.