A rapid review found that physician associates provide safe and effective care when working under direct supervision of doctors, particularly for diagnosed patients. However, there is limited evidence to support their assessment of undiagnosed patients, raising concerns about patient safety.
Research found a strong association between blood type A and increased risk of hypertension and diabetes among the Chakhesang Naga tribe. Genetic analysis suggests a potential genetic predisposition, highlighting the importance of considering genetic and environmental factors in health outcomes.
A new study published in Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology found that adolescents with both loneliness and low resilience are more likely to develop anxiety and depression as adults. Health professionals can identify and intervene early, using screening and targeted programs to promote social skills and build resilience.
Researchers create map of T cell responses to Chikungunya virus, shedding light on chronic disease triggers. They found that people with chronic disease have T cells targeting the same viral epitopes as those who cleared the virus.
A novel electrochemical microfluidic workstation detects additive concentrations in acidic copper plating solution with average relative errors below 10%. The system reduces single-test solution consumption to 220 microliters, enabling online monitoring of process stability and reliability.
A systematic review and meta-analysis reveals that adults with hearing loss can enhance social engagement and functional outcomes by using hearing aids or cochlear implants. The study suggests that these devices should be encouraged for individuals with hearing loss to potentially improve their quality of life.
A special issue of Journal of Intensive Medicine provides key insights into selecting optimal non-invasive respiratory support strategies for AHRF, featuring review articles and original research. The collection offers guidance on the efficacy of HFNC, CPAP, NIV, and awake prone positioning to improve patient outcomes.
Weakening Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) impacts both the ocean and atmosphere, contributing equally to the cold anomaly. A cooler ocean surface reduces evaporation and moisture in the atmosphere, amplifying the pre-existing cold anomaly.
A review article highlights the prevalence of aflatoxins in livestock feed and their residues in food products in Pakistan. The study emphasizes the urgent need for aflatoxin control strategies to mitigate adverse health effects on both livestock and human health, including genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and carcinogenicity.
A study by University of Göttingen researchers found that mixed deciduous-conifer forests promote coexistence between red squirrels and dormice. The team observed both species living side by side in these forests, suggesting a potential role for mixed forest management in supporting biodiversity.
A HKUMed study has confirmed the safety of lithium treatment for bipolar disorder, despite slightly higher rates of thyroid and kidney dysfunction. Regular monitoring can help mitigate risks, making lithium a viable option for managing mood episodes.
A study by Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore found that individuals with negative asthma expectations report worse symptoms over time. Conversely, optimistic patients exhibit improved respiratory function and slower disease progression.
The College of Engineering at Texas A&M is developing a suite of university-wide resources to integrate generative AI into course material, research, and outreach. The initiative aims to make generative AI a core part of the academic toolkit accessible to faculty across disciplines.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a computational model that uses big data and physical readings to simulate and predict water movement. The model, which incorporates artificial intelligence, offers predictions at unprecedented levels of efficiency and accuracy compared to traditional models.
Researchers have developed a technique to grow stem cells into single sheets, increasing the secretion of signaling proteins that help repair tissue and regulate the immune system. This new approach could improve stem cell-based treatments for conditions such as heart disease, liver damage, and autoimmune illnesses.
A Norwegian University of Science and Technology study published in PLOS One found that extremely low minimum wages and unemployment benefits can discourage people from working. The 'work incentive principle' aims to create a financial advantage for working over receiving benefits, but when both are very low, it loses its effectiveness.
The NOMIS Foundation is investing €20 million in ISTA to support groundbreaking projects that break new ground, starting in 2026. The five-year program aims to promote daring science and inspire positive change through new discoveries.
A new study reveals that forests take 1-2 centuries to shift tree populations in response to climate changes, highlighting the need for human intervention to keep them healthy. Assisted migration, such as planting warmer-climate trees in colder locations, may be an effective tool to aid forest adaptation.
The sea spider genome provides novel insights into the development of its characteristic body plan, including the extreme reduction of its abdomen. The study also sheds light on the genetic mechanisms underlying this process and offers a new reference genome for comparative studies.
Researchers investigated pulsed operation of perovskite LEDs to understand the role of mobile ions in maintaining stable light emission. They found a constant transient electroluminescence signal with higher intensity at higher duty cycles, which decreased with increasing duty cycle.
A new study led by Penn State researchers suggests that bumble bees' dietary preferences do not necessarily reflect their optimal nutritional needs. Despite choosing diets high in certain nutrients, the bees experienced negative fitness outcomes, including decreased egg-laying and unchanged body mass.
A study published in Neurobiology of Disease found that melanin degradation is impaired in genetically engineered mice lacking the SLC26A4 gene, leading to chronic inflammation and macrophage activation. The researchers propose a novel pathological cascade where melanin accumulation exacerbates hearing loss in pigmented individuals.
Queen Mary University of London scientists have invented a method to predict patient response to biological therapies, reducing the risk of ineffective treatments and improving patient wellbeing. The approach uses gene sequencing and machine learning on joint tissue samples to forecast treatment outcomes.
A global review of research on dam impacts found widespread disruptions to diadromous species, reducing abundance and genetic diversity. Dam removal is identified as the most consistently effective strategy for restoring connectivity and migration routes in fragmented rivers.
A new study explores the role of sleep in elite male cyclists during the Tour de France, finding that riders pushing hardest tend to sleep less and report lower quality sleep. Despite this, most riders still manage to get more than 8 hours of sleep per night.
Researchers from Karolinska Institutet have identified proliferating neural progenitors in the adult human hippocampus, confirming ongoing neuron formation. This discovery has implications for understanding brain changes during life and developing regenerative treatments for neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.
A new study found that teen drivers spend an average of 21.1% of each trip viewing their mobile behind the wheel, with entertainment being the most common distraction. The study also revealed that many young drivers believe they can withstand the pressure to drive distracted and perceive a social norm of the behavior.
The International Conference on Modular Integrated Construction brought together experts from HKU, government, industry, and academia to share advancements in MiC. Key collaborations were announced with the HKSAR Government and Shenzhen authorities, aiming to expand collaboration networks and promote innovative applications of MiC.
A team of scientists, including HKU astrobiologist Professor Yiliang LI, are working together to identify regions on Mars suitable for microbial life. The mission aims to bring Martian samples back to Earth for detailed analysis using sophisticated instruments.
Researchers developed an in-silico meta-analysis tool to determine optimal laser irradiation conditions for treating nevus of Ota. The study found that picosecond laser treatment demonstrated higher efficacy and equivalent safety compared to nanosecond laser treatment.
Researchers from Penn University propose a five-member particle package, known as the 5-plet, that string theory cannot accommodate. This particle family is absent in any known string-based calculation, raising concerns about the framework's validity.
A study by the University of Hong Kong found that Mondays uniquely drive long-term biological stress in older adults, with a significant increase in stress hormone levels up to two months later. The 'Anxious Monday' effect is linked to dysregulation of the body's stress response system and has implications for heart health.
A new study by University of Missouri researchers found that states granting full practice authority to APRNs significantly improves health outcomes and increases access to care. In contrast, restricted practice laws impose financial burdens on patients and limit APRN autonomy.
Researchers demonstrate that brute-force search is necessary for specific computer puzzles, highlighting the importance of focusing on tractable instance classes. The study's findings have implications for fields like encryption, artificial intelligence, and scheduling.
A study by HZI researchers showed that specific strains of E. coli can displace multi-resistant bacteria from the gut, potentially preventing infections and containing their spread. The strains, which were tested in a mouse model, also proved effective against other resistant strains when combined with Klebsiella oxytoca.
Scientists successfully generated lung cells similar to alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cells from mouse embryonic fibroblasts without using stem cell technology. The AT2-like cells were generated in just 7 to 10 days, a significant reduction compared to conventional methods.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology discovered that ship traffic triggers large methane emissions in shallow areas, including ports. The study found that cruise and container ships caused the most frequent and largest measured methane releases.
Djenet Bousbaine's research explores how the immune system responds to beneficial skin microbes, triggering wound-healing T cells and robust B cell responses. This phenomenon is observed in humans, non-human primates, and found to be evolutionary conserved.
Researchers from UK and Canada will study ways to reduce mining's environmental footprint and enhance efficiency across critical mineral value chains. The project aims to develop new geological models and exploration tools for rare earth element deposits, aiming to diversify the supply chain and ensure high environmental standards.
A new study reports the easy preparation of copper single atoms (Cu SACs) using a mesoporous silica KIT-6 templating agent. The resulting product exhibits excellent catalytic performance in CO2 cycloaddition reactions, with a yield of 91.7% and high turnover frequency (TOF).
Researchers analyzed single-cell transcriptomes from six mammalian species to identify key cell types involved in placenta development. They found a conserved genetic signature associated with invasive placenta cells, challenging the idea that this feature is unique to humans.
A new study found that targeted concussion treatment improved the quality of life for patients, with 83% reporting full recovery and normal HRQoL scores. The study also revealed that previous concussions were not associated with current poor quality of life scores.
A study by Karolinska Institutet found that an AI tool improved pathologists' assessments of tissue samples from skin cancer tumours, leading to more consistent results and better prognoses. The tool helped quantify tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, a biomarker in several cancers, including malignant melanoma.
A new drug developed by UNM researchers enables surgeons to better see nerves during surgery, improving safety and efficiency. The Phase 3 trial is currently underway and aims to assess whether the imaging agent improves overall surgical outcomes.
A new two-phase structure in lithium-manganese-rich cathodes has been discovered, promising to transform the way lithium-ion batteries are engineered. The unique structure exhibits different electrochemical properties and broadens understanding of these materials.
A study from the University of Southern California found that adults with hearing loss who used hearing aids or cochlear implants were more socially engaged and felt less isolated compared to those who didn't use them. The researchers also found that these devices can help reduce loneliness and improve social quality of life.
Archaeologists have discovered a diverse collection of 300,000-year-old wooden tools at the Gantangqing site in southwestern China, marking the earliest known evidence of complex wooden tool technology in East Asia. The tools were crafted primarily for digging and processing plants.
A study published in Chinese Neurosurgical Journal found that the Neuroform Atlas stent-assisted coiling procedure is safe and effective for treating intracranial aneurysms in arteries less than 2.5 mm in diameter, with favorable outcomes and low postoperative complication rates.
Researchers developed an AI-integrated diagnostic method that detects electrical faults in multiphase motors, enabling precise real-time severity grading. The method reduces maintenance costs and prevents undetected motor short circuits from escalating into life-threatening electrical fires.
Case Western Reserve University researchers have developed an environmentally safer type of plastic that can be used for wearable electronics, sensors, and other electrical applications without fluorine. The new material exhibits tunable ferroelectricity and flexibility, making it suitable for various electronic uses.
A new molecular tool, BLOCK-ID, has been developed to study the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway in cancer cells. The tool allows researchers to monitor protein interactions and identify essential proteins like TRIM24, which play a crucial role in ALT telomere maintenance.
A team of researchers from HKU Dentistry has developed a groundbreaking AI system that can predict early childhood caries risk for individual teeth based on microbial characteristics. The system achieved an accuracy rate of over 90% and identified distinct patterns in tooth-specific microbial communities that foretell dental decay.
The book examines how architects can better serve society by changing their approach to the building process. Staub discusses three components of sustainability: ecological, economic, and social, highlighting social sustainability as an under-discussed aspect in architecture.
Research reveals extreme coral mortality after bleaching, with mortality exceeding 99% in some areas. The study highlights the urgent need for action on climate change, as repeated disturbances have compounded the ecosystem's vulnerability.
The study reconciles two closely related mechanisms in transcription, revealing they are deeply intertwined with shared driving forces. The findings suggest that while transcription can occur via both mechanisms, phase separation does not necessarily offer increased activity, but rather dampens it.
Researchers employed advanced molecular modeling and generative AI to design highly selective FGFR2/3 inhibitors, overcoming therapeutic resistance in various cancers. ISM7594 exhibited nanomolar inhibitory activity against FGFR2/3 with over 100-fold selectivity, showing robust antiproliferative effects.
Researchers created a powerful cell culture model using induced pluripotent stem cells from a patient with MDS, confirming that the CEBPA mutation drives disease progression. The model could lead to new ways to treat and diagnose MDS and avoid more serious conditions.
Researchers identified a point mutation in the normal PML gene that can block the effect of arsenic trioxide, leading to treatment failure and suggesting a new target for genetic screening. This discovery has implications for personalized therapy and may help improve patient outcomes.
The ReSURF sensor can detect various pollutants, such as oils and fluorinated compounds, in water droplets using its unique self-powered and self-healing properties. It offers a sustainable solution for real-time water quality monitoring with capabilities to be applied in soft robotics and wearable electronics.
Researchers from Texas A&M AgriLife and partner institutions collaborate to develop alternative vascular delivery approaches for citrus greening therapies, reducing structural damage. The project aims to create a more sustainable system for long-term therapeutic delivery, with potential applications beyond citrus crops.