Scientists have developed a novel method to produce hydrogen from seawater using a new catalyst that requires less energy, resists corrosion, and is more economical. The catalyst is composed of nickel hydroxide, cerium oxide, and phosphate and has been shown to operate efficiently and durably in seawater.
Prof. Tulchinsky's work promotes cooperation between Israeli and Palestinian health authorities, improving public health internationally. He strengthens public health education globally, guiding the next generation of public health leaders.
A major ecological survey reveals that municipalities play a crucial role in conserving biodiversity through urban green spaces. Public involvement is a key factor in promoting biodiverse green spaces, with over half of cities directly engaging citizens in planning processes.
Primary biliary cholangitis is a chronic autoimmune disease destroying small bile ducts inside the liver, causing inflammation and fibrosis. The peribiliary immune niche model explains disease development into three overlapping processes: immune initiation, effector amplification, and regulatory failure.
Aussie medtech company Sleeptite and RMIT University researchers have secured a US patent for smart bedding technology to monitor residents' wellbeing and identify falls risk. The technology, called FlexiSense, uses soft, flexible electronics in mattress protectors to detect changes in applied force, allowing carers to intervene sooner.
Groundwater depletion and irrigation concentrate near international borders in shared aquifers, highlighting the need for cooperation to manage water resources. Countries should map groundwater demand and depletion relative to the border, and implement measures to separate pumping zones and share data to mitigate cross-border effects.
A substudy of the PROTEUS regimen found a 62% improvement in event-free survival and a 51% reduced risk of metastasis or death compared to standard of care radical prostatectomy. The combination of apalutamide plus hormone therapy and prostatectomy delayed subsequent therapy by 33 months and reduced the risk of metastases or death by 20%.
Researchers have developed a graphene-based energy harvester that can harness ambient radiation to power ultra-low-power temperature sensors. The sensors can last decades and eliminate the need for batteries, reducing cost and waste associated with battery replacements.
The College of Nursing faculty at the University of Tennessee Knoxville has received a National Cancer Institute (NCI) award to explore how family support can help breast cancer survivors better manage pain and improve their quality of life. The two-year project will bring together researchers and clinical partners from across Tennesse...
Researchers found that emotionally meaningful speech is prioritized over neutral speech in the brain, with stronger focus in brain activity when conversations are emotionally arousing and socially relevant. This enables the brain to process speech more efficiently, contributing to more engaging conversations.
A new study reveals that rats learn to associate emotional experiences with specific locations in their environment, a process that could have implications for understanding social behavior and memory. This finding provides insight into how the brain turns witnessing others' experiences into our own memories.
Researchers discovered that individuals with autism are less sensitive to feedback about their behavior, leading to weaker brain responses to negative feedback. This sensitivity difference affects how they process both external and internal feedback, potentially impacting decision-making.
A recent study found that the arrangement of water molecules next to carbon electrodes plays a key role in degradation, and deliberately disturbing the network further increases corrosion. By using ion-conducting polymers, researchers were able to reduce carbon corrosion by up to 51%.
Researchers have developed an ultralight, mechanically robust composite film for high-power flexible solar cells, achieving a 45.1% reduction in density while maintaining exceptional specific power. The film enables flexible gallium arsenide solar cells to retain excellent photovoltaic performance after repeated bending.
A curated database, DigHyd, contains over 30,000 data entries from 4,000 experimental publications to help materials scientists understand the efficacy of storing hydrogen. The database reveals an interconnected hierarchy of material properties influencing hydrogen storage capacity and equilibrium pressure.
Researchers at Tohoku University studied titanium-containing stainless steel and found that sulfide inclusions, particularly (Mn,Ti)S, can act as initiation sites for pitting corrosion. The study provides new insights into the complex question of pitting corrosion in Ti-containing stainless steel.
Researchers have discovered the fossil evidence of the first fully marine amphibian, Gerrothorax maritimus, in China's Guizhou Province. The armored amphibian, similar to a giant salamander, was able to tolerate salt water and was a bottom-dwelling suction feeder.
A research team at Tohoku University found that the speed of sound through glass determines its thermal conductivity, providing a clearer guideline for designing glass materials with specific thermal properties. This discovery could help develop materials suited to the thermal demands of next-generation electronic devices.
This comprehensive review explores modern extraction technologies for recovering valuable bioactive compounds from medicinal plants and herbal materials. It highlights innovative approaches such as ultrasound-assisted extraction and supercritical fluid extraction, and addresses the growing need for standardized herbal products.
The book introduces key principles and techniques used to study molecular interactions, predict drug properties, and identify promising drug candidates. It covers various computational approaches, including QSAR modelling, molecular docking, and ADMET prediction, to support lead identification and early-stage drug development.
A nationwide marine DNA study in Japan reveals that over 100 fish species may be living further north than previously recorded, offering new insights into potential northward shifts and their economic, societal, and environmental impacts. The study used eDNA sampling, which provides a snapshot of potentially thousands of species in a l...
A study using metagenomic and qPCR approaches reveals a dominant resistome in Manila Bay, dominated by tetracycline and macrolide resistance, with clinically relevant ESBL genes detected at high levels. The study highlights the need for integrated clinical and environmental surveillance to inform One Health-oriented risk assessment.
Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) has a good prognosis, but relapse is common, occurring in over 20% of patients, with nearly 50% of relapses happening within 12 months after diagnosis. A multicenter prospective cohort study from China identified three independent risk factors for relapse: younger age, platelet count exceeding 350...
Nir Barzilai, Lauren B. Gerlach, and Richard J. Hodes will receive AFAR's Scientific Awards of Distinction for their groundbreaking work in aging research. The ceremony will take place on November 5, 2026, at the GSA Annual Scientific Meeting.
A new deep learning network, Kolmogorov–Arnold Networks (KANs), improves 24-hour tropical cyclone intensity forecasting accuracy and provides robust interpretability. The model selects high-impact predictors and transforms data-driven outputs into analytical symbolic expressions.
A new AI-based computer model has been developed to predict treatment outcomes for patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, a hard-to-treat cancer. The model uses symbolic AI and accurately predicted treatment effectiveness in 74% of cases, suggesting new therapeutic strategies.
MIT researchers have designed an implantable drug-delivery device that uses ultrasound to enhance the distribution of drug molecules in the brain. The device, called LUCID, can release drugs over an extended period and bypass the blood-brain barrier, offering a potential way to prevent the recurrence of aggressive brain tumors.
Research finds that FGFR1 signaling helps organize bone-building material and cellular connections needed for newly embedded bone cells to survive. Disrupting this signaling can lead to osteocyte death and impaired bone formation.
A tiny biodegradable robot, called SMB-bot, has been developed to target drug delivery in the gut with precise control. The robot uses microneedles to establish contact with the intestinal mucosa and release drugs at the target site, offering a new approach to targeted oral delivery of biologics.
A new drug called sacituzumab tirumotecan has been shown to significantly reduce the recurrence and death from endometrial cancer. In a phase 3 trial, women treated with sac-TMT had a 41% lower risk of their cancer progressing and a 32% lower risk of death compared to those treated with standard chemotherapy.
A new study reveals that plant populations can coexist in a 'volatile mixed' state, where self-fertilization and cross-fertilization can occur simultaneously for long periods, even as their proportions change.
Researchers at Columbia's Zuckerman Institute found that protein fibers, known as amyloids, can help deliver RNA into sperm cells, which may one day improve gene-editing technologies like CRISPR. This discovery raises the possibility of using amyloids to shuttle therapeutic genes into cells and embryos.
A new study suggests that stellar collisions were common in the early universe, leading to the formation of supermassive black holes. The James Webb Space Telescope's observations have revealed compact stellar systems, supporting the idea that collisions between stars were frequent.
A new study maps climate stability and connectivity in Europe's protected areas, revealing gaps that undermine conservation. The analysis assesses the energy animals need to cross terrain, alongside habitat suitability and movement barriers, highlighting the need for connected networks of habitats to support climate adaptation.
Research from Kansas State University suggests that physical activity may help reduce the link between genetic predisposition and depression severity in adults. The study analyzed data from the National Institutes of Health's All of Us Research Program and found that more active adults experienced a weaker genetic risk for depression. ...
Researchers developed an integrated framework to compare rain gardens, rain barrels, and their combination in flood-prone areas, finding combined measures generally reduced total runoff the most. The study found rain gardens offered more than just runoff control, supporting neighborhood amenities and ecosystem services.
A new study found that large language models (LLMs) preferentially recommend brand-name drugs with strong online presence, potentially driving up treatment costs. The LLMs also tend to ignore FDA-approved products with later approval dates and those commonly prescribed by physicians.
The American Heart Association, along with three medical societies, has created a landmark publication redefining heart health in girls and women. The new framework connects women's heart health to distinct life stages, enabling earlier identification of cardiovascular risk and personalized prevention.
A UT San Antonio College of Sciences researcher has developed a novel molecular smart probe that illuminates breast cancer cells during surgery, providing surgeons with cleaner margins and patients lower risk of recurrence. The probe targets proteins in the cells that fuel tumor growth and is paired with an FDA-approved drug to form a ...
A landmark series of publications explores connections among hormonal changes, mental health, and cardiovascular health, offering a unified approach to cardiovascular concerns specifically for women across distinct life stages. Each stage offers 'windows of opportunity' to prevent heart disease, from adolescence to old age.
Researchers found that the 1972 British compulsory-schooling reform increased the minimum school-leaving age from 15 to 16 reduced diagnoses of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias decades later. Additionally, the study uncovered that education may be particularly protective for those at greatest inherited risk, challenging the id...
The study reconstructs thalamic development, identifying two major cell lineages that diverge early and distinct genetic programmes, and pinpointing the gene Sp9 as essential for visual neuron identity.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a method to archive RNA molecules in cells, enabling the examination of past gene activity and short-lived responses in immune and stress cells. This breakthrough allows for the investigation of rare events in cells and has potential applications in cancer research.
A recent analysis reveals a decline in low-risk prostate cancer diagnoses and increased use of active surveillance, indicating a shift away from overtreatment. This change is attributed to growing concerns about overdiagnosis and overtreatment, leading to reduced treatment among patients with low-risk cancers.
A study by Osaka Metropolitan University found that Japan's Depopulated-Area-Designation policy does not reverse or stabilize population decline in small and medium-sized cities. After 15-20 years, designated municipalities show significant population decline, similar to non-designated municipalities.
Chiba University and INPA will engage in international joint research to contribute to science promoting human health and development of human resources. The five-year partnership will focus on immunology, infectious diseases, and sustainable resource utilization.
A large study found that emergency department visits and hospitalizations for substance use among young mothers increased by 5% per year, similar to rates among childless women. Young mothers under 25 drove these increases, with rates growing four times faster than among other females. The study highlights the need for better support s...
A team of researchers developed a unified framework to detect and explain vulnerabilities in smart contracts. Their tool, HCA-SGNN, analyzes contracts and identifies exact flaws, providing detailed explanations. This framework has the potential to improve security audits and developer tools in blockchain-based financial services.
The research team designed a molecular cage with an internal cavity, which traps planar π-conjugated molecules through shape complementarity. The cage can reversibly capture small guests and permanently encapsulate larger ones, forming carceplexes with distinctive functions.
Researchers developed a pipeline combining synthetic RGB images, limited real field annotations, and Cycle-Consistent Generative Adversarial Network (CycleGAN)-Turbo translation for RGB-to-thermal alignment. This approach improved thermal weed segmentation accuracy in complex weedy fields, reducing the manual labeling burden and enabli...
SKKU researchers developed two AI technologies to improve complex tasks and safety, reducing computational costs and dependency on external feedback. The selective-critique framework SAG and reinforcement learning technology VAN-Flow enabled AI systems to accumulate successful experiences and avoid mistaken strategies.
Researchers identified key biological pathways involved in premature placental ageing, which contributes to pre-eclampsia. Oxidative stress and lower levels of telomeric repeat-containing RNAs were found to accelerate cellular ageing.
Genome quality extends beyond assembly length, requiring high contiguity, completeness, and correctness. A systematic overview provides metrics and approaches for evaluating these dimensions, helping researchers determine high-quality genome standards.
Researchers have developed tandem PbSe colloidal quantum dot photodiodes for 1550 nm LiDAR, enabling fast and spectrally selective detection. The tandem architecture provides a built-in spectral filtering effect, suppressing visible-light response and preserving the target LiDAR signal.
The researchers added a third, auxiliary quantum dot whose energy could be adjusted electrically, reshaping the electron's orbital energy structure to create a broader operating region. This approach achieved operating frequencies above 100 MHz and extended the estimated dephasing time to 580 nanoseconds.
A KAIST-led research team has discovered how oxygen vacancies in titanium dioxide materials can trap electrons, delaying recombination and retaining light energy for longer periods. This mechanism can potentially increase the efficiency of photocatalysts for applications such as solar hydrogen production and pollutant decomposition.
Researchers from KAIST developed a new material that combines metals and organic molecules to create tunable gate electrodes for semiconductors. The electrodes showed similar performance to conventional metal electrodes, controlling current on and off in actual semiconductor devices.
A metalens photoacoustic microscope can switch focus with voltage, enabling deeper imaging of biological structures. The system achieves an axial imaging range of approximately 1.2 mm and high spatial resolutions for visualizing microscopic vascular structures.
Researchers developed a programmable topological metasurface that enables sensing and communication within a single reconfigurable electromagnetic platform. The metasurface supports both surface-wave-based human-position sensing and spatial-wave-based wireless communication with high accuracy.
A 99-million-year-old lizard tail preserved in amber provides direct evidence of a voluntary defense mechanism, known as autotomy, among ancient lizards. The fossil's remarkable preservation allows researchers to investigate the separation process, offering insights into the evolutionary origins of tail-shedding in reptiles.