Researchers have discovered a citrus-derived peptide that can significantly boost transformation efficiency in recalcitrant citrus crops by more than fourfold. However, continuous exposure to the peptide suppresses shoot regeneration. By applying the peptide only during the early stage and removing it later, the researchers achieved a ...
Researchers have developed a new computational method to predict separable atomic layers in crystals, identifying 2,531 promising candidates for 2D materials. The method, known as XCP, uses bond strengths and distances to calculate the strength of bonds between individual atoms.
Researchers develop an integrated software-hardware framework for fast, reliable, and dynamic 3D atomic imaging of solid-solid interfaces. The framework combines automated tilt-series acquisition and high-tilt in situ holders, enabling near-atomic-resolution imaging of buried and non-periodic structures.
RZera 3.0 introduces a modular dataflow architecture, resolution-corrected pair distribution functions method, automated background correction, and a first inelastic-spectrometer workflow, serving multiple instruments at CSNS. The platform offers transparency and control for beamline scientists while providing quick reduction modes for...
Researchers at IOCB Prague developed a light-controlled molecular motor that regulates thermal motion in a rotor, achieving a 300,000-fold slowdown. This breakthrough enables the control of individual components in molecular machines, a crucial step towards constructing complex mechanisms.
Palaeontologists discovered that eye pigments, specifically melanosomes, have been crucial in shaping vertebrate evolution since the major fish groups evolved around 445 million years ago. The study found that different melanosomes are linked to vision, with bony fish having sausage-shaped melanosomes that sharpen vision, while cartila...
The paper proposes 13 rules for AI regulation, including a licence to operate, no certificate required for market access, and tightening on compliance schedules. It also highlights the need for environmental limits on compute, resource use disclosure, and taxation reform to address the fiscal and physical harms caused by AI.
A new study by researchers at UC Davis and George Mason University finds that election forecasters' confidence in Senate control is influenced by national forces, including presidential approval and economic conditions. The study recommends that forecasters show the range of possible odds to avoid being overly confident, as this can di...
The book distills conversations with dozens of elite performers into 17 core themes, covering mindset, preparation, belief, and self-compassion. It offers practical advice that can benefit anyone facing expectation, novelty, and uncertainty.
Researchers developed a rapid on-site screening method that identifies illicit drugs on surfaces in under two minutes. The technique, ASAP-MS, detected cocaine and ketamine in a UK pub, highlighting the need for quick action to protect staff and customers.
A 10-year study reveals that bonobo females are skilled hunters, targeting large terrestrial prey and monkeys in the tree canopy. The findings overturn the idea that hunting is a male-dominated activity, suggesting that female bonobos play a crucial role in shaping their hunting cultures.
A study by National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology researchers found that faster buildup of abnormal tau protein in the brain is linked to faster symptom worsening in progressive supranuclear palsy, a rare neurodegenerative disease. The discovery could help researchers objectively measure disease progression and accelera...
A Chinese Neurosurgical Journal study found that linear accelerator-based radiosurgery reduced seizure frequency by 75.6% in patients with drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. However, the approach was associated with several adverse events, including visual field deficits and recent memory impairment.
A new multi-scale deep-learning framework combines drone imagery with sparse high-resolution images to identify rice growth stages across hundreds of genetically diverse varieties. The approach achieved an overall accuracy of 0.873 and reduced drone flight time by 80%.
Researchers have developed silk-based materials for tendon and tendon-bone regeneration, showcasing excellent biocompatibility and tunable mechanical properties. The materials, including hydrogels, sponges, and electrospun fibers, can mimic the native tendon architecture and guide tissue regeneration.
The NTU-VFT Joint Lab will advance vanadium redox flow batteries, reducing battery fire risks and supporting large-scale energy storage for growing renewable energy use. The four-year collaboration aims to develop safer, longer-lasting and sustainable batteries to power future energy grids.
Researchers have developed a new mean-field model that incorporates ion exchange mechanisms, allowing for more realistic simulations of brain activity. This model can capture the complex interactions between neurons and their surroundings, which are crucial for understanding neurological disorders such as epilepsy.
A new study in iMetaMed provides an organ-resolved view of how the host responds to Talaromyces marneffei infection across the liver, lung, and spleen. The study reveals distinct protein-abundance and modification patterns, indicating that a disseminated pathogen encounters different host regulatory environments as it spreads.
Astronomers have discovered a rare disc of debris around a dead star, featuring a unique double disc structure separated by a clear gap. The debris is believed to be shaped by two planetary bodies, one possibly as big as Pluto, that have survived the violent death of the star.
Scientists image Thomson charge arrangements for the first time using superfluid helium nanodroplets, closely matching theoretical predictions. The study reveals a new experimental route to understanding charge ordering on curved surfaces.
A new article in BioScience identifies seven areas of focus for One Health research, including disease, agriculture, and Indigenous issues. The article emphasizes the importance of partnership with land managers and increasing public awareness to achieve One Health goals.
A study published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine found that pantethine reduces skin inflammation in mice and shows potential benefits in humans when used in combination with other treatments. Pantethine supplementation also alleviates psoriasis symptoms in patients, particularly those with elevated blood cholesterol levels.
A new photocatalyst, BBcat, has been developed to selectively capture reacting molecules and hold them near the active sites that absorb energy from light. The BBcat-based system maintains high reaction yields even under diluted conditions, producing a desired product with 76% yield.
A study by Queen Mary University of London found that e-cigarettes can help people quit smoking even without ongoing behavioural support. Participants who received e-cigarettes alongside telephone-based behavioural support had a 76% higher quit rate compared to those who received e-cigarettes alone.
In Betta brownorum, subordinate individuals contribute to territorial defence and reduce the burden on breeding adults, suggesting incipient cooperative breeding. However, direct egg care or fry care was not observed, leaving classification uncertain.
Researchers found that mild obesity may double the odds of vital organ failure and that patients with obesity have more than three times the odds of developing severe acute pancreatitis. Experts emphasize that even gradual weight loss can reduce the odds of severe complications.
The new NCCN Guidelines for Patients: Caregiving for People with Cancer offer concrete tips for handling difficult situations and provide concrete support for caregivers. The guide includes a chapter dedicated to the caregiver's own wellbeing, emphasizing the importance of self-care and providing trusted, easy-to-find information.
Boredom during museum visits negatively affects knowledge acquisition and ratings, but a study found that tailored information and design can help mitigate this. Visitors who felt over- or under-challenged reported higher levels of boredom, and museums with low information density and bare rooms were particularly problematic.
The new VR experience, Flooding Explorer: Fort Lauderdale, uses 3D simulation and interactive tools to show how flooding could affect Fort Lauderdale's homes, businesses, and infrastructure. It highlights solutions to reduce flood risks, including improved drainage, pumping stations, and green infrastructure.
Researchers will analyze data from over 320,000 patients to develop an AI model that predicts which patients may develop acute kidney injury after surgery. The goal is to tailor prevention strategies to individual patients, reducing the risk of chronic kidney disease and death.
Adults on Medicaid who began treatment for lower back pain with opioids above 50 mme/day were 2.5 times more likely to show signs of OUD or overdose. Nonpharmacologic therapies reduced OUD risk, with physical therapy being the most common treatment.
The new microscope at ORNL provides detailed views of materials at the atomic scale, revealing insights into their strength, stability, and durability. It enables researchers to study more materials in less time, accelerating the development of advanced alloys, permanent magnets, and catalysts.
Wiley has expanded its Advanced Portfolio with four new open-access journals, publishing system-level research on cities and infrastructure, advancing food science and sustainability, microbiome research, and psychological science. The portfolio, anchored by flagship journals Advanced Science and Advanced Materials, demonstrates Wiley'...
The Kenya Rhino Range Expansion partnership has successfully created a new space for Kenya's growing rhino populations, expanding their habitat in Tsavo by 30 times. In Central Kenya, over 14 partners have committed to opening their properties to support rhino expansion, creating potential for new tourism and employment opportunities.
Researchers sequenced ancient genomes from coastal Ecuador, finding 1,500 years of genetic continuity with present-day populations. The study also recovered DNA from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, providing rare genetic evidence of tuberculosis in pre-contact Americas.
Researchers discovered that bigger cities have less built mass per person than smaller ones, thanks to shared infrastructure and urban 'nesting'. This means that policies recognizing city-level efficiency can steer urban growth toward a more productive, equitable, and sustainable future.
The collaboration aims to advance research and policy responses to address global water challenges, highlighting the need for science-based adaptation and innovative ideas in the water sector. The collection will feature research papers, opinion articles, and essays on key themes related to the UN Water conference and beyond.
Chronic kidney disease in China has seen rising prevalence, with 156 million people affected in 2023, largely driven by type-2 diabetes and hypertension, with obesity remaining a significant risk factor, and a disparity between men and women in disease burden
A collaborative research project between Aànãngu Traditional Owners and scientists has uncovered the physiological traits that helped some desert plant species survive a mass dieback event in Australia. The study found that drought-tolerant plants were more likely to dieback than those using drought-avoidance strategies, with maintenan...
A walnut-sized area of the brain, the amygdala, acts as a filter, tagging experiences that end up in long-term memory, according to a Cedars-Sinai study. The study found that specific neurons in the amygdala respond selectively to specific categories of images, such as faces, animals, or landscapes.
A new millipede species, Colobothrix deckeri, has been rediscovered and described 90 years after its initial collection in South Australia. The species was found in a region with low annual rainfall, making it unusual for its moisture-loving family.
Nagoya University psychologists analyzed 19th-century classic Bushido: The Soul of Japan using computational language analysis, revealing that books with similar moral focus tended to spread more widely in the West. The study found that honor is tied to more moral concerns than any other virtue.
Scientists at Osaka Metropolitan University have identified vortex-like structures in an ancient fault that suggest fault material flowed like a liquid during an earthquake. This discovery could help improve tsunami mitigation efforts by allowing for more accurate estimates of fault-slip magnitude.
A study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology found that even a single session of heated tobacco use can cause measurable damage to blood vessels and DNA damage in healthy smokers. Blood vessel function decreased by 11% and systolic blood pressure increased by 3mmHg after use.
The brain's right side controls the left side of the body, a phenomenon proposed by neuroscientists Daniel Wang and Martin Wessendorf. They argue that this contralateral organization evolved in four-limbed animals and is present in all tetrapods, including mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.
Researchers from Tohoku University identified key molecular features that guide the development of more effective materials for removing PFAS from water. By tailoring materials to interact with specific PFAS molecules, adsorption performance can be improved, enabling more effective water treatment and management of persistent chemicals.
Researchers developed a method to predict low birthweight likelihood in West Africa using climate and socioeconomic data. The model can help policymakers and aid organizations anticipate and prevent malnutrition, giving children a better start in life.
Researchers at the Paul Scherrer Institute developed a new analysis method for detecting radioactivity in the air, allowing for more accurate identification of radioactive materials in seconds. The method uses Bayesian modeling to account for scattered gamma rays and improve statistical power.
Researchers developed a low-cost tool that combines GPS data and tsunami inundation models to demonstrate the strong dependence of evacuation routes on timing. The study found that delayed evacuations can lead to catastrophic consequences, with only 3 of 119 trajectories reaching safety within 12 minutes of the earthquake origin.
SDSU researchers found that poverty burden, not race or ancestry, is associated with poorer HR+ breast cancer outcomes in Black women. The study highlights the importance of considering lifestyle factors and social determinants in cancer research.
A new binary gene expression system, Cro/O <sub> R </sub> 3, has been developed to independently control multiple cell types in zebrafish and human cells. This system allows researchers to manipulate gene expression in one cell type while observing another, enabling the study of interactions between different cell types.
Christina Theodoris is recognized for developing novel AI models to revolutionize human cell interrogation and predict gene network biology. Her work has immediate applications for human health, including identifying promising new drug targets for heart disease.
A new species and genus of dinosaur, Paludohadros proudlovii, has been named from fossil collections cared for by the Natural History Museum. The four-legged herbivore lived around 125 million years ago during the Early Cretaceous Period, and its name honors Will Proudlove, a former employee who died at 35. The dinosaur was discovered ...
At walking speed, people are more sensitive to contracting optic flow, distinguishing smaller speed differences in backward motion. This finding may help improve balance assessments and rehabilitation programs.
A phase 1 trial of the alpha radiopharmaceutical therapy Pb-ADVC001 showed well-tolerated doses and encouraging signs of antitumor activity in patients with advanced prostate cancer. The therapy's optimized dose schedule and 100% overall response rate suggest potential for improved patient outcomes.
A new study reveals concerns about misdiagnosis and stigma in autoimmune diseases with functional neurological disorder (FND), highlighting the need for better communication and holistic care. Patients and clinicians often see things differently, and poor explanations can lead to feelings of guilt, shame, and suicidal thoughts.
AFCR appoints Mr. Sunil Tuli to its Board, leveraging his business experience and philanthropic network to support cancer research. With a personal commitment to advancing cancer research, Mr. Tuli aims to broaden support for the organization's mission.
Researchers at Adelaide University have found a new way to improve sensitive sensors, enabling advanced brain imaging, medical diagnostics, and communications technology. The breakthrough could lead to the development of highly sensitive superconducting quantum sensors with applications in medicine, industry, and defence.
Scientists have figured out a mathematical way to explain the reproducibility of mollusk shells, describing a process in which the same small operation is executed repeatedly. By treating shell growth as a Lie group that acts on the shell's growing edge, the researchers were able to accurately build up the full spiral shape of a shell ...
A study using fMRI research found that narcissistic brains show less consistent brain activation in real-life scenarios involving another person's loss of face, leading to difficulties in social interaction. This suggests that individuals with higher narcissistic traits may not build supportive connections with others.