Astronomers have discovered a new black hole behavior where a smaller black hole repeatedly punches through the disk of a larger black hole, releasing plumes of gas. The findings challenge conventional views on black hole accretion disks and suggest they may be more varied in their contents.
Researchers analyze data from another series of observations to study Sgr A*, finding that strong and ordered magnetic fields are critical to how black holes interact with gas and matter around them. The discovery enhances theoretical models and simulations, refining our understanding of black hole dynamics near the event horizon.
Elevated surface ozone concentrations in China pose a significant threat to human health and crop yields. A study found that extreme heat exacerbates ozone pollution through complex chemical and physical processes, particularly during stagnant weather conditions.
Scientists unveil strong and organized magnetic fields near Sagittarius A* black hole, strikingly similar to M87*, suggesting common traits among all black holes. The discovery hints at a hidden jet in Sgr A* and reveals the importance of magnetic fields in black hole interactions.
The study confirms the BZ-jet model accurately predicts the morphology of observed jets, including elongated structure and limb-brightening characteristics. The disk-jet model failed to explain these observations. The research bridges the gap between dynamic models and jet properties.
A team of astronomers has detected a gravitationally lensed supermassive black hole in the early universe, which was found to be significantly more massive than its host galaxy. The discovery, made using images from the James Webb Space Telescope, revealed the black hole's unique red color and confirmed it as a supermassive black hole.
A new study using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and VLA data reveals that the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* is spinning at about 60% of its maximum possible speed. This spin could provide an incredibly powerful kick to surrounding matter if the amount of material in the vicinity increases.
Physicists at Goethe University Frankfurt have proposed a new solution to Einstein's field equations, describing the existence of 'nestars' - gravastars inside another gravastar. The 'nestar' has a thicker shell than previous theories, making it easier to imagine its existence.
A recent study explores the connection between NOx control and reduction of sulfate-nitrate-ammonium (SNA) and ozone (O3) levels. The research found that controlling NOx emissions is a potent measure for protecting the environment, especially in lowering harmful particles and ground-level ozone.
Researchers discovered a massive black hole at the center of galaxy GN-z11, which dates back 13 billion years and challenges traditional theories on black hole formation. The ancient black hole is 'eating' its host galaxy, suggesting alternative formation mechanisms.
A research group led by Prof. XIE Pinhua unveiled the source and transport mechanisms behind an episode of ozone pollution observed in Hefei, a city in the Yangtze River Delta region of China. The study integrated stereoscopic detection techniques with numerical models to analyze the transport process and source attribution of ozone.
Astronomers discover star S0-6 with chemical composition similar to small galaxies outside Milky Way, suggesting extragalactic origin. The star, 10 billion years old, has traveled over 50,000 light-years from its birthplace to reach vicinity of Sagittarius A*, raising questions about its past and possible companions.
A recent study found that the Antarctic ozone hole is not only larger in area but also deeper throughout most of spring. The researchers believe changes in air arriving at the polar vortex above Antarctica are contributing to the growth of the ozone hole, which may be caused by factors beyond just CFCs.
The study found that the eruption changed the chemistry and dynamics of the stratosphere, leading to unprecedented losses in the ozone layer. The injection of water vapor and sulfur dioxide increased sulfate aerosols, which drove changes in temperature and circulation, resulting in decreased ozone levels in the Southern Hemisphere.
A team of scientists has detected signals directly from the smaller (secondary) black hole in the binary system of Blazar OJ 287. The discovery provides evidence for two separate signals contributing to the total light signal, confirming OJ 287 as an ultramassive binary black hole system.
A University of Houston research team integrated machine learning with SHAP analysis to identify the city's air pollution sources more accurately. The study found that the oil and gas industry had the highest impact on emissions, while shortwave radiation and relative humidity were key influencing factors for overall ozone concentration.
Astronomers have observed the active galactic nucleus of the Circinus Galaxy, resolving a long-standing mystery about how gas feeds supermassive black holes. The team found that most gas is expelled as atomic or molecular outflows and recycled into an accretion flow, rather than directly contributing to black hole growth.
Research reveals that supermassive black holes consume about 3% of the gas flowing towards them, while the remaining 97% is ejected and recycled back into the host galaxy. Gravitational instability drives the inflow, and most expelled outflows are not fast enough to escape the galaxy.
Researchers have observed a dense gas inflow feeding a supermassive black hole at the heart of the Circinus galaxy. The study reveals that only a small portion of this gas is consumed by the black hole, with the majority being expelled as outflows that drive AGN-driven feedback.
A team from the University of Illinois used solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) to measure the effects of elevated ozone on soybean plants, finding a 36% decrease in SIF during the late growing season. The study confirms that decreased SIF is a sign of stress and provides a non-invasive way to study photosynthesis.
A team of researchers confirmed the spin of a black hole in galaxy M87 by analyzing data from 2000-2022, showing an 11-year cycle in its jet's precessional motion. The findings provide evidence that the black hole spins, enhancing our understanding of supermassive black holes.
A team of international researchers has provided direct evidence that the supermassive black hole at the heart of galaxy M87 is spinning. The findings are based on 20 years of observational data, which show that gravitational interactions between the accretion disk and the black hole's spin cause the jet to wobble or precess.
A University of Houston study found that most of Houston's ozone exceedance is due to transported pollutants from the central and northern US, while local photochemistry contributes to elevated ozone production. The research highlights the importance of reducing emissions at the Houston Ship Channel to mitigate future ozone pollution.
A new study found that ozone substantially changes floral odour plumes, reducing honeybees' ability to recognise odours by up to 90%. This degradation affects pollinators' crucial role in the natural environment, with implications for food security and biodiversity.
Astronomers using NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory discovered a black hole repeatedly nibbling on a Sun-like star in a distant galaxy. The object was detected using a new method for analyzing data from the satellite's X-ray Telescope, enabling it to adapt to new areas of astrophysics.
Scientists have obtained high spatial resolution ozone profiles using data from the Gaofen-5 satellite, enhancing our understanding of ozone distribution and its impact on the atmosphere. The research unveiled seasonal variation of surface ozone in the lower layers and distinct trends in upper layers.
Researchers discovered magnetic field transport in accretion flow and MAD formation near a black hole, resolving long-standing mysteries. The study reveals the first direct observational evidence for a magnetically arrested disk (MAD) through multi-wavelength observations.
A team of astrophysicists at Northwestern University has successfully simulated the process of a black hole-neutron star merger, which is believed to have produced the unprecedented gamma-ray burst GRB211211A. The simulation reveals that the post-merger black hole launches jets of material from the swallowed neutron star.
A team of researchers from Harvard and Hong Kong Baptist University identified patterns to predict extreme heat and ozone days in China. The model correlated sea surface temperature anomalies with increases in heat waves and ozone about 80% of the time, providing a forecast for the government to prepare resources.
The James Webb Space Telescope has discovered the most distant active supermassive black hole to date in galaxy CEERS 1019, which existed 570 million years after the big bang. This smaller black hole is less massive than previously detected behemoths and provides insight into the early universe's formation.
Researchers create precise temperature map of a distant galaxy, separating heat sources from a supermassive black hole and newly-formed stars. This discovery provides new insights into the growth rate of galaxies in the early Universe.
Researchers have detected a smaller black hole in the binary system OJ287 for the first time, confirming its existence through observations of 26 predicted flares and gamma ray signals. The bigger black hole weighs over 18 billion times the mass of our Sun.
A new population of shorter, horizontally-oriented filaments has been discovered near Sagittarius A*, the galaxy's central supermassive black hole. These filaments are thought to be tied to the outflow of hot material from the black hole, providing insights into its spin and accretion disk orientation.
Researchers found rising UV radiation levels in the tropics and northern mid-latitudes after 2010, posing risks to human health and the environment. The ozone layer is taking longer than expected to recover from depletion, leading to higher surface UV radiation.
Astronomers using Hubble have found evidence for an intermediate-mass black hole in the globular star cluster Messier 4, weighing approximately 800 solar masses. The discovery uses precise measurements of stellar motion to rule out alternative theories and suggests a single, compact black hole at the center.
New research shows that the Montreal Protocol is delaying the first ice-free Arctic summer by up to 15 years. The treaty's regulation of ozone-depleting substances has slowed global warming and preserved the ozone layer.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have developed a new design of polymeric hole transport materials for perovskite quantum dot solar cells. The new polymers exhibit increased charge mobility and stability without the use of dopants, leading to improved power conversion efficiency.
A study by UCLA astronomers reveals that none of the 16 young supermassive stars orbiting the Milky Way's black hole are found in pairs, contradicting previous assumptions about stellar formation. The researchers suggest that the extreme environment around the black hole may be driving nearby binary stars to merge or be disrupted.
Astronomers have observed for the first time the shadow of a black hole and the powerful jet expelled from it in the same image. The new image shows how the base of the jet connects with the matter swirling around a supermassive black hole, allowing scientists to better understand how black holes create energetic jets.
For the first time, astronomers have imaged a black hole's shadow along with its powerful jet. The new image reveals more details about the location and energy of highly energetic electrons and magnetic fields. Scientists also discovered that the black hole is not very hungry, consuming matter at a low rate.
Astronomers have captured new images of M87*, revealing a thicker, fluffier ring that is 50% larger than the initial image. The team detected plasma from an accretion disk and observed a relativistic jet blasting out from the black hole.
An international team of scientists has produced an image showing both the ring-like accretion structure around a black hole and the associated relativistic jet. The study provides new insights into the connection between the accretion flow near the central supermassive black hole and the origin of the jet.
Researchers boosted multi-hole water oxidation catalysis on hematite photoanodes using UV excitation, increasing surface holes and improving PEC activity by one order of magnitude.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have simulated an object called a topological soliton, which distorts space like a black hole but behaves differently when releasing weak light rays. The findings suggest there could be other types of celestial bodies in space hiding from even the best telescopes.
Astronomers have mapped the M87 galaxy's 3D structure and determined its supermassive black hole has a mass of 5.37 billion times that of the sun. The galaxy's asymmetrical shape allows for more precise measurements, including the rotation rate of 25 kilometers per second around an axis 40 degrees from the long axis.
Astronomers use the Hubble Space Telescope and Keck Observatory to measure the 3D shape of galaxy M87, revealing a 'potato-shaped' triaxial form. The team also determines the mass of the supermassive black hole at the galaxy's core, estimating it at 5.4 billion solar masses.
Astronomers have discovered a massive, runaway black hole that has left behind a never-before-seen trail of newborn stars. The black hole, weighing as much as 20 million Suns, is plowing into gas to trigger new star formation along a narrow corridor.
The study found that emissions of five CFCs increased after the production for most uses was phased out in 2010, reaching record-high abundance in 2020. The researchers warned that these emissions could contribute substantially to global warming and negate some benefits gained under the Montreal Protocol.
Research finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying chemicals are increasing, primarily due to their use in alternative products. These potent greenhouse gases affect the climate, equivalent to CO2 emissions from a smaller country like Switzerland, and may negate some benefits of the Montreal Protocol.
A team of astronomers has discovered an ultramassive black hole in the foreground galaxy, with a mass estimated to be over 30 billion times that of our Sun. This massive object was detected using gravitational lensing and supercomputer simulations.
Ozone exposure destroys pheromones essential for fly mating, leading to abnormal behavior and reduced female attraction. The study's findings highlight the devastating impact of air pollution on insect populations.
The γ-MnO2 dual-core pair-hole fiber enables the production of an all-fiber mode-locked laser with a pulse width of about 1 ps and a repetition frequency of about 600 MHz. This fabrication scheme offers good stability and is suitable for combining other novel materials with specialty fibers, expanding ultrafast optics and sensing appli...
A three-year study found that exceeding ozone limits is associated with substantial increases in hospital admissions for heart attack, heart failure, and stroke. Ozone pollution harms the heart and blood vessels, particularly in older people, who may be vulnerable to its adverse effects.
A new MIT study reveals that smoke particles from Australian wildfires can trigger chemical reactions that erode the protective ozone layer. The research found a 3-5% depletion of total ozone at mid-latitudes and widened the Antarctic ozone hole by 10% in 2020.
A recent study found that global warming is contributing to an increase in ozone pollution, particularly in regions prone to air pollution. High downward surface solar radiation is inducing extra biogenic emissions, leading to longer-lasting ozone events and exceeding World Health Organization guidelines.
Astronomers have discovered a rapidly growing supermassive black hole in the very early Universe, which provides new clues on its formation. The galaxy, named COS-87259, contains over a billion solar masses worth of interstellar dust and is forming stars at a rate 1000 times that of our Milky Way.
Astronomers propose that X7 is a cloud of dust and gas ejected during the collision of two stars. The object's shape and velocity have changed dramatically as it approaches the black hole, showing significant changes over a relatively short time scale.
Recent research reveals that ozone depletion leads to Antarctic upper-stratospheric warming during winter months, with temperatures rising significantly since the 1970s. The study highlights the importance of understanding the coupling between atmospheric chemistry and climate in the southern upper stratosphere.
The University of Canterbury researchers found that rocket launches emit gases and particulates that damage the ozone layer. The study highlights the need for coordinated global action to protect the upper atmosphere environment.
A new study reveals a significant increase in nocturnal production of nitrate radicals in China, which could exacerbate air pollution and pose a major health threat. The country's 'hot-spot' for nitrate radical production may worsen ozone and fine particulate pollution if emissions are not reduced.