Researchers found that mice have innate circuits for processing positive and negative stimuli in the amygdala brain region. The study suggests that an imbalance in these circuits may contribute to depression and other mental health issues.
Researchers from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have published a comprehensive census of cell types in the primary motor cortex of human, mouse, and monkey brains. This milestone could lead to breakthroughs in studying and treating conditions like schizophrenia, depression, Alzheimer's, and traumatic brain injuries.
Biologists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory are using a mathematical tool to understand the complexities of gene expression and chromosomal mutations associated with cancer. The approach, developed by David McCandlish's lab, predicts how likely different variations on a biological theme are to arise.
A high-fat diet increases the incidence of colorectal cancer by suppressing MHC-II levels in intestinal cells. This disruption allows cancer cells to grow unchecked. Researchers hope that reconfiguring the gut microbiome and boosting immune recognition molecules can help combat cancer.
A team of chemists developed a new set of modifiable polymers made from SOF4, allowing for environmentally safe reactions and fast production. This breakthrough enables the generation of a vast library of polymers with distinct properties for applications in drug discovery and material science.
A new collection of corn genomes provides a detailed understanding of the genetic diversity and adaptability of corn plants. Researchers have mapped the first corn genome in 2009 and filled in gaps since, revealing how the corn genome was shuffled over time.
Researchers have discovered that a small percentage of drug-resistant cancer cells were already present before treatment, relying on alternative genes for survival. Understanding this mechanism is key to developing new treatments to eliminate both AXL- and EGFR-dependent cells from the start.
Researchers discovered that pancreatic cancer cells use a backup protein complex to survive when KRAS is blocked, allowing them to continue growing and dividing. This finding highlights the need for drugs that can target multiple molecules in cancer cells to improve treatment outcomes.
Computer scientists study the role of prior knowledge in machine learning tasks, considering philosophical frameworks that combine elements of rationalism and empiricism. This approach aims to improve the accuracy of complex systems by incorporating human-like reasoning and flexibility.
Researchers discovered that acute myeloid leukemia cancer cells depend on the Fanconi anemia pathway, which can be inhibited to kill cancer cells. This finding could lead to more effective and safer cancer treatments.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory found a gene responsible for reinstalling beneficial epigenetic modifications in plants. This process helps prevent the transmission of harmful genetic traits to offspring, allowing plants to evolve and diversify.
The study created a comprehensive catalog of healthy breast tissue cells, enabling scientists to pinpoint the origin of abnormal changes. By tracking gene activity in over 15,000 cells, the team redefined healthy breast tissue and identified subpopulations with different responses to therapies.
Researchers developed a new method to test AI algorithms' decision-making processes by presenting them with carefully designed synthetic data. The technique, called Global Importance Analysis, revealed that AI models consider more factors beyond just sequence length, such as RNA folding and motif proximity.
Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have created a new tool called BARseq2 that uses genetic tags to label brain cells and trace thousands of brain circuits simultaneously. This allows researchers to examine the complex interactions between neurons, enabling a better understanding of brain function and behavior.
A team of researchers, including Saket Navlakha and Dr. Sejal Morjaria, developed a computational tool to predict COVID-19 severity in cancer patients. The tool has an accuracy rate of 70-85% and prevents unnecessary expensive testing, improving patient care.
Researchers used CRISPR to study tomato gene interactions, revealing a complex relationship between mutations and fruit size. The findings suggest that predicting the effects of mutations on different varieties is crucial for efficient crop breeding.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory found that a protein called Asterix/Gtf1 suppresses small specific regions of mobile genetic elements by binding to tRNA molecules. This discovery could lead to understanding how cells protect themselves against these elements and potentially tame an overly restless genome.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered a way to reverse the genetic cause of poor stress responses in mice by targeting specific brain cells and feedback loops. The discovery was made possible by understanding how a particular gene, Ophn1, regulates brain activity and stress tolerance.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered how human cells assemble and disassemble Origin Recognition Complexes to initiate DNA replication. The study reveals a specific interaction between ORC1 protein and CDC6, allowing them to work together in a coordinated manner.
Researchers discovered that the WOX9 gene can induce more flowers to form in various plant species by changing its regulation, suggesting potential for improving crop yields. Genome editing allowed them to reveal the gene's additional functions without altering its protein product.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have successfully applied CRISPR to increase corn kernel numbers by targeting promoter regions that regulate gene activity. This technique holds promise for increasing crop yields per acre and making agriculture more sustainable.
AI researchers have developed a method to train neural networks to predict the function of DNA sequences, allowing for deciphering larger patterns. This breakthrough enables analysis of complex DNA sequences critical to development and disease, potentially improving understanding of gene regulation and its impact on diseases.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory created an anatomical map of corn development by analyzing individual cells. This map will aid in breeding more sustainable crops with improved yields.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered a protein called BLMP-1 that coordinates gene activity in response to environmental changes. The protein pauses development when nutrients are scarce and resumes it when conditions improve.
Researchers at CSHL have discovered a gene-regulating RNA that contributes to breast cancer metastasis. By targeting this RNA, they found a molecule that can reduce tumor growth and metastases in animal experiments.
Researchers developed a new model to predict kidney function in cancer patients, enabling more accurate chemotherapy dosing and minimizing harm. The model takes into account various factors like age, gender, and body mass index, providing clinicians with a valuable tool for guiding treatment decisions.
The iGenomics app allows iPhone users to create a mobile genetics laboratory, enabling pandemic and ecology workers to study DNA on-the-go. The device can quickly map viral pathogen sequences and identify mutations for diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory found that a high density of chandelier cells in the visual cortex impairs depth perception. The study, published in Neuron, suggests that pruning these cells is essential for efficient communication between the two visual hemispheres.
Researchers used genetic evidence to explain how different species of capuchino seedeaters acquired distinct patterns of coloration. Soft selective sweeps were found to be the primary cause of these differences, driven by changes in environment and sexual selection.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory are studying the brain circuits that underlie fear, using sophisticated neuroscience tools to map their connections. They found that the amygdala is not only involved in fear processing but also plays a crucial role in reward-based learning and regulating fearful memory.
Researchers have developed a new treatment that induces an integrated immune response in tumors of patients with pancreatic and colorectal cancers, which are resistant to immunotherapy. The treatment, plerixafor, works by interrupting an immunosuppressive pathway, allowing critical immune cells to infiltrate the tumors.
New research from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory highlights the importance of model evaluation in neuroscience. By building and comparing several models of neural signaling, researchers found that good predictive power does not necessarily indicate a model's representation of real neural networks.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have developed an AI tool that can efficiently recognize neurons in microscope images, significantly improving the accuracy of automated tracing and analysis. This breakthrough aims to untangle the mysteries of brain connectivity and enable humans to think about how brains work.
Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered the intricate details of the Origin Recognition Complex (ORC), a crucial protein in human genome replication. ORC changes shape dramatically as it assembles around DNA, with parts twisting and pinching to interact with the molecule.
Researchers found neurons in the striosome contribute to both positive reinforcement learning and negative-reinforcement learning, highlighting the complex motivation-processing hub in this brain region. Understanding its function is critical for developing better treatments for mental illnesses such as depression and addiction.
Researchers found that microglia direct neurons to modify their connectivity in response to visual stimuli, shaping the brain's neural circuits. This discovery sheds light on how sensory experience influences brain maturation and may have implications for neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism.
Researchers at CSHL and Stanford University found a direct connection between stress-sensitive neurons and insomnia-inducing neurons in mice. Stimulating this connection enabled mice to sleep peacefully, while disrupting it caused insomnia. The same connection also affects the immune system, weakening its defenses against threats.
A study published in Nature reveals the complex mesh of muscle fibers lining the heart impacts performance and heart failure. The research used AI to analyze 25,000 MRI scans, discovering six human DNA regions affecting fractal patterns in these fibers.
The ENCODE project has completed Phase 3, providing insights into the human and mouse genomes' functional elements. The study identifies over 900,000 candidate regulatory elements from the human genome, shedding light on cancer biology and other topics.
Researchers have developed a mouse model of pancreatic cancer that replicates two subtypes of the disease, classifying them as classical PDAC and basal PDAC. The study reveals key genes driving the aggressive nature of basal PDAC, offering potential targets for therapy.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered how breast cancer cells evade the immune system by targeting cross-presenting dendritic cells. The key to this evasion lies in the CCR2 protein, which disrupts dendritic cell maturation when present on tumor cells.
Researchers developed a new method to map brain-wide connections using DNA barcodes, reducing costs compared to traditional methods. The approach generates virtually infinite labels to distinguish individual cells, enabling the creation of accurate anatomical maps.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory found that interfering with cholesterol storage can stop pancreatic cancer cell growth in mice and lab-grown pancreas models. The study suggests a new strategy for treating deadly disease by targeting an enzyme called SOAT1.
Tracking each atom in the NMDA receptor has revealed how it transmits and inhibits neural signals. The discovery could lead to better treatments for Alzheimer's disease, depression, epilepsy, stroke, or schizophrenia by controlling the receptor's activity.
Researchers found high levels of sticky NETs were associated with the most severe cases of COVID-19 and led to acute respiratory distress syndrome. The study also identified potential therapeutic strategies for dismantling or preventing NET formation.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding chandelier cells, which are key regulators of brain signaling. Abnormalities in these cells have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, and studying them may provide insights into disease mechanisms.
Researchers sequenced and compared the genomes of 100 different tomato varieties, identifying over 230,000 structural variants that underpin the vast diversity among tomatoes. These genomic variations affect flavor, yield, and other traits, providing breeders with new power to improve tomato properties.
Researchers developed a symptom tracking method using famotidine for non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients, showing potential for improved outcomes. The method allows for daily tracking of six common COVID-19 symptoms and has been validated in a clinical case series.
Researchers found that pregnancy reduces breast cancer risk by reprogramming breast cells to tuck away the potent cancer gene cMYC and keep them in a state of pre-senescence. This protective mechanism may provide new insights into future cancer treatment and help identify risk before tumors develop.
Researchers discovered how pancreatic cells lose their identity and recruit nearby cells to help them grow and invade tissues. Transcription factors ZBED2 and p63 play a key role in this process, leading to aggressive cancer behavior.