A study published in The Lancet Global Health found that nearly one-fifth of young people with tuberculosis (10-24 years old) in Brazil experienced adverse treatment outcomes. Factors associated with these outcomes included poverty, HIV, homelessness, and drug use, highlighting the need for greater attention to this age group in tuberc...
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered that B cells choose between cell fates to balance acute and memory responses. This understanding could optimize vaccines against viruses or other pathogens.
A study found that only about 2-2.5% of individuals with alcohol dependence in Sweden receive alcohol medication, highlighting unequal provision of treatment across sociodemographic factors and co-morbid conditions. The research suggests low knowledge among physicians and patients, as well as preference for psychological treatment over...
A large Swedish study found a link between ADHD and dementia across generations. Parents of individuals with ADHD had a 34% higher risk of dementia compared to those without ADHD, while grandparents had a 10% increased risk.
A large European study found that prolonged exposure to even low levels of air pollution can increase the risk of stroke and coronary heart disease. Fine particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and black carbon were linked to adverse cardiovascular effects, with no safe thresholds detected.
A new study published in Nature Communications reveals that low-risk and high-risk neuroblastoma have distinct cell identities, which can affect survival rates. The researchers identified a progenitor cell type found in fetal adrenal tissue, which may contribute to the development of aggressive neuroblastoma in older children.
Atrial fibrillation screening in 75- and 76-year-olds may significantly reduce the risk of stroke, severe bleeding, and death. The study, published in The Lancet, found that at least 2,300 cases of stroke or death could be avoided per year with national screening.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet successfully deployed drones to deliver defibrillators to patients with suspected cardiac arrests, with the drones arriving on target ahead of ambulances in most cases. The pilot study showed a median response time benefit of 1 minute and 52 seconds, improving survival rates.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have identified eight primary factors that increase the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding after heart attack. The study, published in European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy, found that smoking, blood pressure, and blood glucose are among the new predictors.
A novel blood test, Stockholm3, can reduce the number of MRIs performed by a third while preventing the detection of minor, low-risk tumours. The addition of this test to MRI reduces overdiagnosis by as much as 69% and halves the number of biopsies.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered three different subtypes of mature fat cells in white adipose tissue, with only one subtype, Adipo PLIN, responding to insulin. The study suggests that changes in this specific subtype may contribute to metabolic diseases like Type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet investigated the protein eIF4A3, which helps cancer cells grow. By blocking this protein, they found that cancer cells stop growing and eventually die. The study suggests a new approach for targeted treatment of colon and sarcoma cancers.
A novel 3D imaging technique reveals the degeneration of nerves in the liver, correlating with the severity of liver pathology in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The study suggests a 'vicious cycle' where compromised nerve function contributes to disease progression and worsens metabolic challenges.
A new study suggests that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based screening can reduce unnecessary biopsies and detect clinically significant tumours while halving overdiagnoses. The results come from a randomized study conducted at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden.
Researchers discover pharmacological activation of p53 triggers viral mimicry response, abolishing tumor immune evasion and promoting anti-tumor immunity. The findings have potential for developing new combination therapies that can increase cancer patient access to immunotherapy.
A large register-based study found adults with ADHD at higher risk of various physical conditions, particularly nervous system, respiratory, musculoskeletal, and metabolic diseases. The strongest associations were seen for alcohol-related liver disease, sleep disorders, and obesity.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a cost-effective method for detecting new coronavirus variants. The COVseq technology uses multiplex PCR and pooling to sequence thousands of viral genomes per week, making it an affordable solution for global surveillance.
The study reveals a dominant network of neutrophils and tissue-resident T cells in the bile ducts of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a severe inflammatory disease. This discovery may pave the way for new treatment strategies against PSC and other biliary disorders.
A study published in Cell found a connection between breast milk, beneficial gut bacteria and the development of the immune system. The researchers discovered that babies whose intestinal flora can break down Human Milk Oligosaccharides have less inflammation in the blood and gut.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered industrial chemicals in the organs of fetuses conceived decades after many countries banned the substances. The study found that 15 out of 22 persistent organic pollutants were present in every organ, with four chemicals detected in all tissues in all fetuses.
A study published in The New England Journal of Medicine found that immediate skin-to-skin contact after birth significantly improves survival rates for pre-term babies with a very low birth weight. Continuous Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) reduced mortality by 25% and lowered the risk of low body temperature or bacterial blood poisoning.
A large study by researchers at Karolinska Institutet found that visual working memory and reasoning tasks improved math skills in young children more than spatial rotation exercises. The study suggests that training the type of cognitive skill matters for academic performance in math.
Researchers found that internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) significantly improves eczema symptoms and reduces stress, insomnia, and depression. The treatment required fewer therapy resources than conventional face-to-face psychological treatment, making it a potential care option for a large patient group.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed an internet-delivered CBT programme that significantly reduces social anxiety and comorbid psychiatric symptoms in young people with SAD. The digital format increases accessibility and reduces therapist time, making it a cost-effective option.
Research at Karolinska Institutet suggests a link between psychosis and a genetic change affecting the brain's immune system, potentially impacting the development of modern medicines. Psychosis affects approximately 2-3% of the population, with increased life expectancy for those with schizophrenia.
Researchers found that internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy can be as effective as conventional CBT in reducing OCD symptoms in children and adolescents. The study showed that stepped digital CBT reduced symptoms as much as conventional CBT and required fewer resources.
Researchers developed a microneedle patch that delivers vancomycin directly into the affected skin area, significantly reducing MRSA bacterial population. This innovative approach aims to transform the treatment of skin infections by improving quality of life for patients.
After cognitive behavioral therapy, serotonin transporter levels increased in individuals recovering from depression. This finding suggests that the serotonin system may play a role in protecting against depression, rather than causing it.
A large observational study by Karolinska Institutet researchers found a clear link between poor kidney function and increased risk of dementia. The study of over 325,000 individuals suggested that an eGFR score of 30-59ml/min was associated with a 71% increased risk of dementia.
A study at Karolinska Institutet found that low PDGFRb protein levels are associated with better radiotherapy results in women with early-stage DCIS. Combining PDGFRb blocking drugs may improve treatment efficacy.
A Swedish-US study found that having a first-degree relative with intestinal polyps increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer. The study, published in the British Medical Journal, included over 68,000 patients with colorectal cancer and 333,753 healthy controls.
Researchers studied 90,000 newborns in Sweden and found only 0.9% were infected with COVID-19. The study supports the Swedish recommendation not separating mother and baby after delivery, as it poses no risk to the baby's health.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered a mechanism allowing meningitis-causing bacteria to evade the immune system by sensing temperature changes. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae produce safeguards in response to rising temperatures, boosting their defenses against immune attacks.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a new astrocyte-specific PET tracer, BU99008, which detects reactive astrogliosis in the brain. This finding could improve early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, with potential implications for other disorders related to astroglial dysfunction.
Researchers have identified a connection between perivascular fibroblast cells and ALS disease onset, suggesting a correlation between elevated protein marker SPP1 levels and aggressive disease process. This discovery has potential implications for earlier diagnoses and future treatments.
A new registry study linked non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) to a 17-fold increased risk of liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD patients were also found to have a higher risk of other cancers, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and personalized screening strategies.
New research suggests that HDL particles' anti-inflammatory properties may predict future cardiovascular events, improving risk assessment and prediction. The study found that individuals with lower anti-inflammatory activity in their HDL particles were more likely to experience cardiovascular events.
Researchers developed a technique that can examine how different versions of histones bind to DNA in tens of thousands of individual cells simultaneously. This allows for the study of epigenetics at a single-cell level in complex tissues like the brain.
A study by Karolinska Institutet found that 1 in 10 healthcare workers who had mild COVID-19 experienced long-term symptoms lasting at least 8 months, including fatigue, respiratory problems, and loss of smell and taste. These findings suggest that even mild cases of the virus can have a significant impact on quality of life.
A new study published in Neurology shows that cholinesterase inhibitors can slow cognitive decline and reduce mortality in people with Alzheimer's disease. The study found that patients treated with these drugs had a 27% lower risk of death compared to those not treated, highlighting the benefits of current treatment recommendations.
Men with stable coronary artery disease who take Viagra live longer and have lower risk of new heart attack compared to those treated with alprostadil. The study's findings suggest a dose-dependent reduction in cardiovascular events.
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet have determined the 3D structure and mechanism of MGST2, an enzyme involved in oxidative stress and DNA damage. The study's findings reveal three functional units controlled by sophisticated movements, regulating vital functions and offering insights into future drug development.
A new study published in Journal of Clinical Oncology suggests that a lower dose of tamoxifen can reduce the risk of breast cancer while minimizing adverse reactions. The research involved 1,440 women who received different doses of the drug, with the lowest dose showing a significant reduction in mammographic density and side effects.
A new AI-powered screening tool has been developed to detect precursors to cervical cancer in women, particularly in low-income countries where access to skilled pathologists and advanced equipment is limited. The method uses mobile digital microscopy and achieves a sensitivity of 96-100% in identifying patients with precancerous lesions.
A study from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden analyzed the results of whole genome sequencing for over 3,200 patients with rare diseases, resulting in molecular diagnoses for 1,287 patients. The researchers found pathogenic mutations in over 750 genes and discovered 17 novel disease genes.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet found that reducing apolipoprotein CIII levels can protect against high-fat diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance and liver damage. The study showed that a treatment targeting apoCIII reversed metabolic derangements in mice.
A new study at Karolinska Institutet has found a crucial link between mitochondrial function and serious diseases, including diabetes, heart disease, and neurodegenerative disorders. The research suggests that modifications to proteins within the mitochondria can affect energy production and may be modulated by diet.
Researchers found that individuals without α-actinin-3 in their muscle fiber protein have slower-twitch muscle fibers, which provide better tolerance to low temperatures and energy efficiency. This mutation likely provided an evolutionary advantage in colder climates but may increase disease risk in modern society.
A new study published in Lancet HIV found that life-long antiviral treatment can prevent viral transmission from mother to baby, offering a promising contribution to the WHO's work on HIV prevention. The results showed up to 90% of women under study had suppressed viral levels for four years after starting Option B+ care.
A large-scale genetic study found that variants of nine genes increase the risk of developing Addison's disease, a rare autoimmune disorder. The study identified specific gene variants associated with the disease, including the AIRE gene, which plays a crucial role in immune system function.