A simple material called aluminum formate has been found to be effective in removing carbon dioxide from power plant smokestacks. The material, made from abundant and readily available chemicals, is up to 100 times less expensive than other materials with similar performance.
The NIST team has developed a new way to control frequency combs, enabling accurate measurements under broader conditions than previously possible. This breakthrough could improve applications such as precision timing and atmospheric sensing.
Scientists have developed a solution to communication challenges in neuromorphic chips using superconducting devices. This allows artificial neural systems to operate 100,000 times faster than the human brain, with potential applications in industrial control and human conversations.
A team of researchers from NIST, UW-Madison, and Argonne National Laboratory identified key compositions that enable consistent 3D-printing of 17-4 PH stainless steel with favorable properties. The new findings could help producers cut costs and increase manufacturing flexibility.
Researchers developed a Flashover Prediction Neural Network (FlashNet) model to forecast deadly fire events, beating other AI-based tools with up to 92.1% accuracy across various building floorplans. The model's performance improved when given real-world data, highlighting its potential for saving firefighter lives.
Researchers have identified 12 marine species as potential bioindicators for monitoring plastic pollution in the North Pacific Ocean. These species, including Pacific oyster and long-nosed lancetfish, can help assess the extent of plastic pollution and inform effective reduction measures.
A new online tool from NIST offers a solution to regularly check ventilation by measuring indoor carbon dioxide levels. The Quick Indoor CO2 (QICO2) calculator takes into account factors like occupants, outdoor CO2 levels, and building size to provide accurate results.
Researchers at NIST have developed a new type of hardware for AI that uses magnetic tunnel junctions, which are less energy-intensive than traditional silicon chips. The new technology has already passed a virtual wine-tasting test and shows promise for reducing energy use in AI systems.
Researchers at NIST found that gecko setae are coated in an ultra-thin layer of lipids, which repel water and help maintain grip on wet surfaces. This discovery could lead to the development of biomimetic products, such as gecko boots or gloves for improved traction.
Researchers at NIST developed LANTERN, a new statistical tool that can predict protein function while providing interpretable explanations. The tool has shown promise in predicting genetic edits for COVID-19, E. coli, and GFP proteins, achieving high predictive accuracy.
NIST researchers have developed a new atomic radio receiver that boosts signal strength 100-fold by enclosing cesium atoms in a custom copper structure resembling headphones. The structure acts as a split-ring resonator, enhancing the incoming radio signal and enabling the detection of weaker signals.
Researchers at NIST developed a new, faster, and more accessible method for screening skin allergens without animal testing. The electrophilic allergen screening assay (EASA) achieved similar results to existing methods with 77% agreement rate, paving the way for potential standardization and increased international trade.
Researchers at NIST confirmed that transmission performance is consistent across different mmWave spectrum bands, refuting earlier disputes. Signal losses in secondary paths vary by frequency, with reflective paths losing minimal signal strength.
A new study reveals that urban residents have a simplistic understanding of coastal ecosystems and are less likely to take pro-environmental actions. The research highlights an issue known as urbanized knowledge syndrome, which can harm natural ecosystems and undermine community resilience.
Researchers analyzed food-grade nylon bags and single-use beverage cups, finding that they release trillions of nanoparticles per liter when exposed to hot water. The average size of these nanoparticles was between 30-80 nanometers, with concentrations seven times higher from nylon bags than from beverage cups.
The T2T consortium's completed human genome has shown significant improvements in DNA sequencing accuracy, correcting tens of thousands of errors and revealing millions of genetic variations. This new reference genome can support the analysis of over 200 genes of medical relevance, potentially propelling research into genetic disorders.
Researchers developed long-lived biological computers using RNA, which can persist inside cells. Unlike DNA-based devices, these RNA circuits are dependable and versatile, enabling continuous production in living cells.
Researchers from NIST have developed a mathematical model that predicts the strength and timing of changes in velocity required for crane operators to apply when transporting heavy loads. This equation can be applied to various situations, including moving a load with initial rest and large distances.
Physicists have measured Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity at the smallest scale ever, demonstrating time dilation effects between two tiny atomic clocks separated by just a millimeter. The experiments suggest a way to make atomic clocks 50 times more precise than today's best designs.
A new study found that businesses run by minorities, women, and veterans were more likely to experience negative effects from the pandemic than non-HUGO businesses. The researchers analyzed responses from over 1,350 businesses and found that demographic factors played a significant role in determining a business's resilience during the...
A team of scientists has discovered a range of metal carboxylates, known as 'metal soaps', that form in oil paintings and cause damage over time. These compounds are often composed of zinc and lead pigments, but other metals like aluminum and calcium can also be present.
A new DNA benchmark, developed by NIST and collaborators, enables more accurate detection of genetic variants linked to diseases such as spinal muscular atrophy. The benchmark, based on HiFi sequencing technology, helps labs and clinics sequence genes with high accuracy, critical for disease diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers at NIST have revived and improved the charge pumping method to detect single defects as small as one-tenth of a billionth of a meter. The new technique can indicate where defects are located in transistors, enabling accurate assessment of their impact on performance.
Researchers at NIST developed an instrument to image acoustic waves over a wide range of frequencies with unprecedented detail. The new instrument captures these waves by relying on an optical interferometer, allowing for the creation of three-dimensional movies of microresonators' vibrational modes.
Researchers developed reference materials with known viral loads to standardize PCR test results. The study found that Ct values varied among labs, highlighting the need for reference materials to compare and standardize results.
Researchers at NIST developed new standards and calibrations for optical microscopes, enabling accurate measurement of microdroplet volumes smaller than 100 trillionths of a liter. They combined microscopy with gravimetry to verify results, linking their findings to fundamental constants of nature.
Scientists have created a new material using nanometer-scale ceramic particles decorated with polymer strands that exhibit enhanced toughness. The material's unique property allows it to dissipate energy from impacts rapidly, making it suitable for applications such as body armor and bulletproof glass.
Researchers at JILA have developed a technique to extend the excited-state lifetime of atoms in a Fermi sea, allowing for improved quantum communication networks and atomic clocks. By manipulating the Pauli exclusion principle, they achieved a significant delay in spontaneous decay.
Researchers developed a sensitive new way to detect and count transistor defects, which limit performance and reliability. The method works with traditional Si and SiC materials, identifying defect type and number with simple DC measurement.
Researchers at JILA have enhanced the sensitivity of their decade-old frequency comb breathalyzer to detect four biomarkers of disease in human breath. The upgraded system can also identify six additional chemicals, with potential implications for COVID-19 testing and real-time health monitoring.
NIST scientists use a novel technique to measure the properties of silicon crystals, revealing new insights into subatomic particles and the strength of a possible fifth force. The results provide improved precision and complementary information for both X-ray and neutron scattering.
Researchers at NIST demonstrate a faster and more accurate way to calibrate microphones using lasers. The new technique surpasses the current industry standard, offering potential for commercial applications in industries like factories and power plants.
The NIST-developed emberometer uses digital cameras to track embers in mid-air and reconstruct their 3D shapes. This tool helps researchers understand the behavior of embers, which can aid in developing better protection for structures during wildfires.
Researchers at NIST have created a quantum crystal sensor that can measure electric fields with unprecedented sensitivity, potentially revolutionizing dark matter detection. By entangling the mechanical motion and electronic properties of tiny ions, the sensor can detect subtle vibrations caused by dark matter particles.
Researchers at NIST used an emerging molecular profiling method to analyze a type of tumor-like disease called growth anomalies in corals. The study identified 18 small molecules that promise to help better understand the series of molecular reactions leading to the disease, which affects coral skeletons and soft tissues.
Researchers at NIST have upgraded their laser frequency-comb instrument to measure three airborne greenhouse gases: nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, and water vapor, plus major air pollutants ozone and carbon monoxide. The new system can identify gas signatures by precisely measuring the amounts of light absorbed at each color in the bro...
A NIST-led study comparing 27 MRI scanners found significant bias and variation in T1 measurements, which can affect diagnosing brain tumors. The study recommends establishing rigorous quality control procedures for quantitative MRI to promote confidence and stability in measurement techniques.
Researchers at NIST developed a method using radio signals to image hidden and speeding objects, enabling real-time imaging around corners and through walls. The technique has potential applications in public safety, tracking hypersonic objects, and improving space debris detection.
Scientists used CO2 sensors to track changes in urban emissions, detecting a 33% reduction in Los Angeles and 34% in the Washington, D.C./Baltimore region. The study shows top-down methods can produce reliable emissions estimates, giving cities an important new tool to reduce emissions.
Researchers developed P-Flash, an AI-powered tool predicting flashover in burning buildings. It uses temperature data from heat detectors and shows promise in anticipating simulated flashovers, identifying unmodeled physical phenomena that can improve forecasting in real fires.
Researchers developed a novel method to detect and characterize nanoplastics in ocean water by using small invertebrates. The technique uses asymmetrical-flow field flow fractionation (AF4) and Raman spectroscopy to separate and identify nanoplastics, providing a more accurate measurement of these tiny plastics.
Researchers at NIST found that island scanning, a common method to mitigate residual stress in 3D-printing, is far from a silver bullet. The study used high-energy X-rays and detailed mapping to analyze the effects of different printing patterns on titanium alloy parts.
Researchers created a design for an electronic hardware system that directly replicates network architectures, solving complex puzzles rapidly and with minimal power consumption. This new approach uses race logic to encode and process information as time signals, reducing the need for bit flips and thus energy expenditure.
Researchers at NIST successfully entangled two small aluminum drums, measuring the subtle statistical relationships between their motions. They analyzed radar-like signals to verify the fragile entanglement, demonstrating a new capability in large-scale quantum networks.
Researchers at NIST measured moon dust particles as small as 400 nanometers, revealing a strong link between particle shape and light scattering. The study uses X-ray nano computed tomography to analyze particle shapes and improve satellite tracking of weather patterns.
Researchers at NIST and VCU have developed a new approach to building better 'nanopore' biosensors by measuring the energy required for molecules to interact with these sensors. This laser-based heating method enables faster and more accurate measurements, potentially revolutionizing disease detection and treatment.
Researchers at NIST have developed an atom-based sensor that can determine the direction of incoming radio signals, a crucial component for atomic communication systems. The sensor uses Rydberg atoms to measure phase differences and calculate signal arrival angles, offering advantages in accuracy and universality.
Researchers used NIST's agricomb to measure methane, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water vapor from a beef cattle feedlot in Kansas. The portable system identified trace gases based on infrared light absorption, providing precise measurements of gas concentrations.
Researchers at NIST developed a method using encounter metrics to measure interactions between individuals, promoting user anonymity. The system uses encrypted encounter IDs and ultrasonic ranging for accurate distance measurement, potentially slowing the spread of future pandemics.
Researchers have identified seven genes essential for normal cell division, allowing a synthetic cell to grow and divide uniformly. This breakthrough aims to engineer synthetic cells for various applications, including drug production, disease detection, and computing.