Articles tagged with Computers
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
New research finds that AI explanations can fuel a perception of fairness without being grounded in accuracy or equity. Humans were more likely to override AI recommendations when explanations highlighted gender rather than task-relevance, but this did not improve decision-making accuracy.
A Wayne State University professor has been awarded a three-year $554,853 NSF grant to investigate new molecules and chemical reactions for growing metal and metal-silicon thin films. The research aims to develop advanced transistors with lower power consumption and higher performance.
Researchers at the University of Missouri are developing a two-phase cooling system that efficiently dissipates heat from server chips through phase change. This innovative system drastically reduces the amount of energy needed to keep equipment cool, with early tests showing significant reductions.
A new study published in PLOS Digital Health found that machine learning models can reliably predict the disability progression of multiple sclerosis. The models were trained on data from 15,240 adults with at least three years of MS history and had an average accuracy of 0.71 ± 0.01.
Wanja Wiese's research focuses on ruling out deception by conscious AI systems and understanding the prerequisites for consciousness in artificial systems. He draws on Karl Friston's free energy principle, suggesting that computers can simulate consciousness but may require additional conditions to replicate conscious experience.
A Texas A&M University study found that stand-biased workstations led to more standing time, reduced sitting time, and fewer discomforts compared to traditional desks. However, the benefits were not statistically significant, and energy expenditure was higher in stand-biased groups.
A breakthrough in brain-computer interfaces allows a patient to communicate using only the power of thought. The study, led by Dr. Ariel Tankus, enables individuals with paralysis to signal 'yes' and 'no' through electrical signals in their brain.
A new study from the University of Ottawa explores young women's reactions to social exclusion, revealing that retaliation is a common response to rejection. The study uses EEG to assess social pain in 87 participants, providing insight into the neurological underpinnings of peer rejection.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that toddlers who use touch-screen games may struggle with early social skills. The research suggests that excessive screen time during critical developmental periods can have long-lasting effects on communication and interaction.
A new system developed by researchers at Binghamton University uses local computing power to analyze sensor data from everyday devices like smartphones and laptops, detecting abnormal movements with high accuracy. The Rapid Response Elderly Safety Monitoring (RESAM) system aims to cut reaction times and improve safety for older adults,...
A UTA-led program is equipping high school teachers and students with college-level quantum concepts to fill a growing talent gap in the $44 billion QIS technology market. The Quantum for All program aims to integrate quantum principles into national STEM standards, starting with Texas this fall.
Researchers at the University of California - Riverside have proposed a chain of quantum magnetic objects called spin centers that can simulate exotic magnetic phases of matter. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient ways of storing and transferring information, as well as the development of room temperature quantum computers.
A team of researchers developed EMOKINE software to measure the objective kinematic features of movements that express emotions. The software provides movement parameters from data sets at the touch of a button, allowing scientists to analyze emotional expression and intentions.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a mechanical computer that uses a complex structure of rigid polymer cubes to store, retrieve and erase data. The system has reversible features allowing users to control when data editing is permitted.
Scientists at uOttawa have developed Fourier Quantum Process Tomography (FQPT) to validate quantum circuit performance. The technique allows for high-accuracy characterization with minimal measurements, enabling significant advancements in quantum computing.
Researchers create special language Phenoscript to describe traits in a way that both humans and computers can understand. This allows for large-scale studies of organismal traits, boosting the emerging field of phenomics. The new language is being tested and aims to integrate semantic species descriptions with nanopublications.
A breakthrough in ferromagnet research enables ultra-fast spin behavior, leading to potential advancements in communication and computation technologies. The study's findings have the potential to unlock terahertz processing power, a thousand times faster than current smartphones and computers.
Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University propose locally embedded thermoelectric devices (TEDs) to actively cool hot spots in circuits. TEDs remove heat from hot spots using thermoelectric effects, improving cooling efficiency by a factor of 100 compared to conventional materials.
Researchers from Mainz University and the University of Chile are developing a new technique called Gradual Abstract Interpretation to improve program analysis methods and detect security vulnerabilities in WebAssembly. They aim to identify and address security vulnerabilities while eliminating redundant protective measures.
Research from Texas McCombs finds that developers who multihome their software attract more users to the original product, improving its performance and standing out in the market. The study also shows that multihoming can lead to a 5.3% increase in average monthly usage for similar products.
New research reveals a 'mobile giving gap' where consumers are less likely to donate when using smartphones than PCs. To overcome this, charities should focus on highlighting the needs of others in their appeals, creating a sense of empathy and other-focus.
A new AI model developed by researchers at the University of Jyvåskilö can predict and respond to human emotions, improving user experience. The model simulates cognitive evaluation processes to assess emotional responses to events, enabling computers to preemptively predict and mitigate negative emotions.
Researchers developed a multimodal algorithm for improved sarcasm detection, examining multiple aspects of audio recordings for increased accuracy. The approach combines sentiment analysis using text and emotion recognition using audio for a comprehensive analysis.
A new tool called VFCFinder analyzes open-source software updates to pinpoint specific code sections being modified to address security vulnerabilities. This helps programmers determine which updates are necessary without unnecessary changes.
Researchers at the University of Melbourne and Manchester have invented a breakthrough technique for manufacturing highly purified silicon, making it ideal for creating powerful quantum computers. The new technique uses qubits of phosphorous atoms implanted into crystals of pure stable silicon, extending the duration of notoriously fra...
A study reviewed 100 US institutions with National Center of Academic Excellence in Cybersecurity designations, finding significant variation in program types, credits, and learning outcomes. The research aims to improve industry-readiness and graduate employability by highlighting areas for improvement in cybersecurity education.
A study by Georgia State University found that people rate AI responses as more virtuous and intelligent than human responses on moral issues. The AI system, ChatGPT, was able to fool participants into believing its responses were better, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of AI's role in society.
The study reveals that experienced programmers exhibit brain responses similar to those of fluent readers processing sentences, indicating a strong resemblance between learning computer and natural languages. The research suggests that understanding how people learn to code can be informed by expertise in second-language learning.
A study found that almost 17% of adolescents experience weight-related bullying online, with the highest rates reported by Twitter users. The survey also revealed a strong association between screen time, social media use, and weight-related bullying, with a 13% increase in bullying for every additional hour of screen time.
Researchers have created a probabilistic computer prototype that combines CMOS with stochastic nanomagnets, achieving superior computational performance and energy-efficiency. The new technology reduces area and energy consumption by four and three orders of magnitude compared to current CMOS circuits.
A team of over 100 scientists from Brazil and the US ran high-resolution simulations of South America's past and future climate using a weather research and forecasting model. The goal is to better understand hydroclimatic processes and inform adaptation measures for millions affected by climate change.
A new study published in Physical Review Letters has developed a method for secure quantum computing, enabling users to access remote quantum computers while maintaining data authenticity and security. This breakthrough promises to unlock the transformative potential of cloud-based quantum computing.
The World Cybercrime Index ranks countries by cybercrime threat level, identifying Russia as the top hotspot. The study's findings suggest that a small number of countries house the greatest cybercrime threats, with the UK coming in at number eight.
A new study by Carey Morewedge and colleagues found that people are more likely to recognize bias in algorithmic decisions than their own. This is because algorithms can codify and amplify human bias, but also reveal structural biases in society. The research suggests ways to increase awareness of biases and correct them.
Researchers have proposed an innovative quantum algorithm that effectively solves combinatorial optimization problems with constraints in a short time. The pVSQA algorithm uses a quantum device to generate a variational quantum state and transform infeasible solutions into feasible ones, achieving near-optimal performance.
A new Dartmouth study reports on a unique case of prosopometamorphopsia (PMO), a rare condition that distorts facial features. The researchers used computer software to visualize the patient's real-time perception of face distortions, providing accurate and photorealistic visualizations for the first time.
A new analysis published in Andrology found a higher genetic susceptibility to leisure computer usage was associated with a greater risk of erectile dysfunction in men. Each 1.2 hour increase in leisure computer usage predicted a 3.57-fold greater odds of erectile dysfunction.
Researchers have developed a new method to verify the accuracy of complex quantum systems using classical computers. The method allows for estimating error rates and is mathematically sound, providing a benchmark for analyzing errors in quantum computing systems. This breakthrough enables improvements to be measured effectively.
Researchers developed RedirectedDoors+ to overcome VR door-opening challenges, providing users with realistic haptic feedback and guiding them around real walls. The system has been successfully tested in various environments, reducing physical space size by up to 50%.
Researchers developed an approach called Quantum Noise Injection for Adversarial Defense (QNAD) to protect quantum computers from attacks. The method introduces noise into the quantum neural network, making it more accurate during an attack.
Researchers at XPANCEO and Nobel laureate Konstantin S. Novoselov unveil new properties of rhenium diselenide and rhenium disulfide, enabling novel light-matter interaction. This breakthrough has huge potential for integrated photonics, healthcare and AR applications.
Researchers argue that current automated toxicity detection methods can improve but require human intervention to review decisions. Companies can take steps to improve working conditions and platform cultures that prioritize kindness and respect.
Researchers at RMIT University have developed a reprogrammable light-based processor that could enable efficient quantum computations. The device, which uses photons to carry information, reduces 'light losses', a critical factor in maintaining computation accuracy.
Researchers have created a computer using an array of VCSELs that leverages optical feedback to efficiently solve complex optimization problems. The system encodes information in linear polarization states, minimizing interactions between variables and overcoming the von Neumann bottleneck.
A new AI-powered system has been shown to detect 40% more polyps during colonoscopies, a crucial step in preventing colorectal cancer. This breakthrough technology uses artificial intelligence to examine every pixel in the image and alert doctors to potential issues, allowing for more accurate diagnoses.
Gossiping provides a social benefit by disseminating information about people's reputations, helping recipients connect with cooperative individuals while avoiding selfish ones. This allows gossipers to gain an evolutionary advantage as their actions influence others' behavior and encourage cooperation.
Scientists use a special microscope to break up the bond between electrons and holes in semiconductors, revealing that hole interactions determine charge transfer processes. The findings have implications for future computer and photovoltaic technologies.
A new study funded by NIHR has led to the UK government approving digital pathology for cancer screening samples. This technology enables faster reporting and improved care for patients with bowel, breast, lung, and cervical cancers. The use of digital pathology will help reduce risk of sample loss or damage and allow pathologists to r...
Incheon National University researchers developed a web 3.0 streaming architecture that reduces delay, improves user experience, and ensures transparency and fairness for real-time services. The proposed system uses Inter-Planetary file system (IPFS) to enable blockchain-based peer-to-peer data storage and caching.
Researchers outline new method to stabilize bulk hafnia in metastable ferroelectric and antiferroelectric states, paving the way for non-volatile memory technology. The approach requires less yttrium, improving material quality and purity.
FAU Engineering has received a $2.6 million NSF grant to establish a CyberCorps student scholarship program, increasing the nation's cybersecurity workforce. The program provides full scholarships and stipends to students pursuing studies in cybersecurity and AI.
Research found mobile phone users process information faster but are more likely to fall for misinformation compared to personal computers. PC users, however, are more susceptible to phishing attempts, highlighting the importance of device-specific responses.
Entanglement is crucial for quantum computing, and researchers have proposed a condition to maximize it. The study, published in Physical Review B, uses the Hellmann-Feynman theorem as a reference point to explore finite temperature and quantum critical points.
A computer vision system developed by University of Malaga engineers estimates vehicle speeds in real time using a single camera, reducing complexity and costs. The algorithm, published in Neurocomputing, aims to improve vehicle safety and has potential applications in autonomous driving and driver assistance.
Research shows that Australian children are at risk of excessive weight gain and declining fitness during school holidays. The two-year study found that body fat increased at a faster pace and aerobic fitness declined faster than in-school periods. Promoting physical activities during holidays could help address unhealthy weight gain.
Dr. Ning Zhang's AntiFake tool uses adversarial techniques to make it difficult for AI tools to read voice recordings, preventing synthesis of deceptive speech. The tool has achieved over 95% protection rate against state-of-the-art speech synthesizers and is accessible to diverse populations.
The University of Central Florida has been awarded $50,000 each by the NASA Minority University Research and Education Project Partnership Annual Notification (MPLAN) awards. The research focuses on developing wireless multimodal sensors and studying sustainable aviation fuels to reduce environmental impact.
Scientists from Max Planck Institute have developed an open-source supercomputer algorithm to solve complex mathematical equations of active matter theory. This enables the study of biological materials' patterning and dynamics in space and time.
A novel robotic system developed by USC researchers can help clinicians accurately assess a patient's rehabilitation progress. The method generates an 'arm nonuse' metric using machine learning and a socially assistive robot to track how much a patient is using their weaker arm spontaneously.
A team of researchers from Northwestern University and the University of Pittsburgh has received a $600K NSF Award to explore novel learning-enabled cyber-physical systems (LE-CPSs) for building flexibility into hardware. This could lead to extended device lifespan, reduced e-waste, and improved sustainability.