Research on lowering risk across health and infrastructure. Covers grid-disturbance detection, crowd-safety modeling, AI energy projects, and statin eligibility.
A new biorefinery method extracts beneficial pigments from purple corncobs, producing natural dyes, nutraceutical supplements and absorbent kitty litter, offering a sustainable solution with zero waste at the end. The process uses water as an eco-friendly agent and achieves higher pigment extraction rates compared to traditional solvents.
A study published in JAMA found that 40% of critically ill patients who undergo tracheal intubation experience life-threatening complications. The research highlights the importance of understanding these complications to improve patient outcomes and reduce mortality rates.
A new study published in Journal of Clinical Oncology suggests that a lower dose of tamoxifen can reduce the risk of breast cancer while minimizing adverse reactions. The research involved 1,440 women who received different doses of the drug, with the lowest dose showing a significant reduction in mammographic density and side effects.
Asymptomatic and presymptomatic COVID-19 cases pose significant risk of transmission due to unknown minimum infectious dose and limited data. Focusing on additive risk reduction through community-based infection prevention measures is crucial to combat pandemic spread.
Adding icosapent ethyl to statin therapy may lower stroke risk by an additional 36% in people with high triglyceride levels and cardiovascular disease. The study, based on the REDUCE-IT trial, found that icosapent ethyl can benefit patients with heart disease, diabetes, or elevated triglycerides above 150mg/dL.
A diet high in healthful plant-based food may reduce the risk of ischemic stroke, with participants who consumed more plant-based foods showing an 8% lower risk. Researchers found no association between vegetarian diets and stroke risk, but noted that the quality of plant-based foods was a key factor.
A study led by Universitat Oberta de Catalunya finds that lockdowns reduce cognitive capacity, leading to poorer choices and decreased altruism. The shock from restrictions impairs decision-making, causing people to prioritize short-term benefits over long-term consequences.
A UBC study found that higher life satisfaction is associated with 21 positive health outcomes, including a 26% reduced risk of mortality. The research suggests that policymakers should consider improving life satisfaction as a target for enhancing physical and mental well-being.
A US study suggests that young adults (under 40) perceive COVID-19 risks differently than older generations, with lower perceived risk and fewer preventive measures taken. Effective targeted communication efforts could encourage more risk reduction behaviors among younger generations.
Researchers found amoxicillin-clavulanate as effective as metronidazole-with-fluoroquinolone in preventing diverticulitis-related admissions. The treatment reduced the risk of fluoroquinolone-related harms, including Clostridioides difficile infection.
A new study questioned whether pub operators can consistently prevent COVID-19 transmission risks, despite physical and operational modifications. Researchers observed significant risks arising from close customer-staff interaction and intoxication, which were rarely addressed by staff.
A 12-month patient education program that integrated mental health information significantly reduced cardiovascular disease risks, improving measures such as fasting blood sugar, LDL cholesterol, and BMI. Patients who received the program maintained most of these improvements six months later.
Pumas in California experienced significant energetic costs when navigating physically difficult terrain or high-risk human disturbance areas, resulting in reduced space use. This study found that male pumas were particularly affected, with a 68% decrease in daily distance traveled and total area traversed over two months.
A new study found no link between countries' frequency of natural disasters and their propensity to take disaster risk reduction (DRR) measures. Despite this, national variation was observed, with some countries responding with extensive changes while others made no action.
Researchers will investigate genetic factors linking obesity and estrogen-containing birth control pills to stroke risk, aiming to identify drug targets for prevention or reduction.
A pooled data analysis suggests that drinking several cups of coffee daily may be associated with a lower risk of developing prostate cancer. The study found that each additional daily cup was linked to a relative risk reduction of nearly 1%, with the highest intake group showing a 9% lower risk compared to the lowest.
Research suggests cannabis use by people in opioid addiction care can lower fentanyl-positive urine tests and reduce overdose risk. A study of 819 participants found that those with THC positive urine were 10% less likely to have fentanyl, highlighting potential benefits for treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that intensive glycemic control reduced CAN risk in individuals with no history of cardiovascular disease by 17%, while intensive blood pressure control reduced risks by 22%. Intensive glucose treatment was more effective in individuals without a history of CVD, whereas blood pressure lowering was more effective in ol...
A recent study from FARI and The Cooper Institute found a significant relationship between omega-3 levels and heart rate recovery, with higher levels linked to faster heart rate drop. This association was more pronounced in women than men and was associated with reduced risk of sudden cardiac death.
A randomized trial found that higher doses of vitamin D3 supplementation did not reduce the risk of falls in older adults with elevated fall risk and low vitamin D levels. In contrast, some analyses suggested that higher doses may increase the risk of serious falls and hospitalization.
A recent study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute scientists has found that clonal hematopoiesis can confer a health benefit in the setting of allogeneic stem cell or bone marrow transplants. Patients who received transplants from older donors with CH had a lower risk of relapse and longer survival compared to those without CH.
A University of Massachusetts Amherst physicist found that opening the front window on the right side and the rear window on the left side can create an air current barrier, reducing airborne pathogen transmission in cars. This measure can help lower the pathogen load in confined car spaces.
Research suggests that opening windows can reduce airborne particle exchange between a driver and passenger, lowering the risk of COVID-19 transmission. The best scenario is having all four windows open, but even one or two open windows are better than having them all closed.
A large observational study found that replacing red meat with high-quality plant foods like beans and nuts reduces the risk of coronary heart disease. Substituting whole grains, dairy products, and eggs for red meat also yields lower CHD risk.
Researchers found an overall 17% risk reduction for metastatic or fatal cancer and a 38% reduction among those with normal BMI. The study suggests that vitamin D may reduce the risk of developing advanced cancers, particularly in individuals with normal weight.
A majority of hospitalized patients support eliminating processed meats from hospital menus to reduce cancer risk. Processed meat is linked to various health issues, including colorectal, stomach, and pancreatic cancers, as well as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine shows that providing support for small lifestyle changes can almost halve the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The Norfolk Diabetes Prevention Study found that modest weight loss and increased physical activity reduced the risk by 40-47% for those with prediabetes.
A new study recommends reducing soccer players' head injury risk by inflating balls to lower pressures and subbing them out when wet. Inflating balls to pressures on the lower end of NCAA and FIFA ranges could reduce forces associated with potential head injury by about 20%.
A randomized controlled trial found that regular walnut consumption reduced inflammation in healthy older adults, associated with lower risk of heart disease. The study suggests walnuts' anti-inflammatory effects may provide a mechanistic explanation for cardiovascular disease reduction.
A new study published in the Journal of Transport & Health found that a jughandle design can virtually eliminate single bicycle crashes at railway crossings. The design realigns the approach angle to about 60 degrees, reducing the risk of tire being caught in the gap between the rail and pavement.
A year-long study found that smokers switching exclusively to glo reduced exposure to certain toxicants, similar to quitting completely. Glo's design minimizes ash production and odour, potentially reducing smoking-related diseases risk.
A unique biomarker combination predicts Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in critically ill children, enabling early identification and potential pre-emptive therapy. The study found that a combination of clinical scores and urinary markers can accurately predict severe AKI in PICU admissions.
A study investigated whether early tocilizumab treatment reduced the risk of death among critically ill COVID-19 patients. The results showed that patients treated with tocilizumab in the first two days after admission had a lower risk of death compared to those not treated early.
Research suggests that performing physical activity in the morning can significantly reduce breast and prostate cancer risk. The study found that exercising between 8-10 am had the strongest protective effect, particularly for individuals with late chronotypes.
A recent study published in eLife found that statins may lower overall cancer risk by inhibiting HMGCR enzymes, potentially through non-lipid lowering mechanisms. The research used genetic variants from UK Biobank and suggested a possible link between statin therapy and reduced cancer risk.
A study of over 24,000 trauma patients in four countries found that longer delays in treatment can increase the risk of disability or death. The authors suggest that rapid transportation may be associated with reduced risk of poor outcomes and urge emergency services staff to make the most of prehospital time.
A $100M program will utilize a large consortium of wildlife and human disease experts to reduce the risk of zoonotic viral spillover and spread. The program aims to enhance capacity in Africa and Asia to identify and respond to spillover events.
A study found that video messages are significantly more effective than text-only messages in influencing parent smokers' intentions to protect their children from secondhand smoke. Videos depicting the risks and solutions were most effective, especially when including recommendations for cessation and exposure reduction.
A new study found that China's aerosol pollution reduction efforts have caused warming in northern latitudes, potentially masking some effects of global warming. The research suggests that the reductions in particulate pollution may have unmasked around 0.1 degrees Celsius of greenhouse-gas-induced warming.
A prospective cohort study found that cycling was associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk among people with diabetes. The study analyzed data from over 7,500 adults and showed that even short periods of cycling per week can significantly reduce the risk of premature death.
A new study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings finds that EPA and DHA supplementation reduces multiple types of cardiovascular risk, including coronary heart disease events and fatal heart attacks. The research concludes that increasing omega-3 intake through supplements or diet can contribute to cardioprotection.
A study of 82 young adults with varying ApoE gene variants found no differences in memory performance, but distinct brain activity patterns, suggesting potential early disease processes. The researchers used functional MRI to examine the impact on the hippocampus, an area crucial for memory.
A recent study found that nonnative plant invasions can occur through hitchhiking seeds on shipping containers, with potential risks to agriculture and native ecosystems. The researchers propose strategies such as liquid pre-emergent herbicide application and inspection for exterior seeds to reduce risk of invasion.
A recent study published in Nutrients found that consuming red and processed meat increases a protein compound linked to heart disease. High-heat caramelization during cooking can create compounds called advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which accumulate in the body and interfere with normal cell functions.
A study of over 550,000 adults in the UK found that losing an average of 13% of body weight reduced the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 42%-44%, sleep apnoea by 22%-27%, high blood pressure by 18%-25%, and dyslipidaemia by 20-22%. The study suggests that intentional weight loss can markedly reduce disease risk in people with obes...
A systematic review of over 100 studies found that a more vegetable-rich diet, higher potassium intake, and reduced salt consumption can lower the risk of chronic kidney disease. Adhering to these recommendations could reduce the risk by 14-22%.
Research shows handgrip strength can predict type 2 diabetes risk by 50% per unit increase, with implications for prevention strategies. The finding is marked in women and could be used to identify individuals at high risk.
Researchers studied epigenetic modifications associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in trauma survivors, finding a link to the gene NTRK2 and reduced PTSD risk. The study revealed that epigenetic modification of NTRK2 was predictive of PTSD risk, but its relationship with PTSD is complex and influenced by multiple factors.
A new online calculator developed by UVA Health System researchers can predict stroke risk in patients with metabolic syndrome. The tool, available for free, uses a scoring system to assess the severity of metabolic syndrome and identify patients at risk.
A study published in Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica found that HPV vaccination significantly reduces the risk of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, a precancerous condition leading to cervical cancer. Vaccination coverage was high among young women born in 1993, resulting in a 30% lower risk compared to those...
Decades of research have failed to show consistent benefit for lowering LDL cholesterol levels in reducing heart disease and death. The approach has been shown to fail in identifying those at high risk while including those at low risk, who don't need treatment.
Three new pathways for organisations to manage digital transformation have been defined by research from Professor Feng Li. The findings highlight the need for diversification and portfolio management to mitigate costs of failure in a highly volatile sector.
A new study published at the 2020 Alzheimer's Association International Conference suggests that receiving at least one flu vaccination can lower the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease over a lifetime. The research found that people who received a flu vaccine were 17% less likely to get Alzheimer's disease.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine shows that genetic pre-screening can reduce the number of screening tests needed to identify individuals at risk for osteoporotic fractures by up to 41 percent. This could lead to cost savings and more efficient screening programs.
A plant-based diet can help promote healthful aging and mitigate the global burden of disease. The diet has been shown to reduce the risk of diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cancer, and heart disease by almost 50%. Plant-based diets rich in fruits, vegetables, grains, and legumes have also been tied to increased life expectancy.
A large, NIH-funded trial found that a nurse-managed, individually tailored falls prevention plan did not significantly reduce the risk of serious fall injuries in older adults. The study assessed the effectiveness of an evidence-based intervention implemented by trained Falls Care Managers.
The STRIDE study found that a personalized approach to falls risk reduction resulted in an 8-10% reduction in serious fall injuries among older adults. However, potential barriers such as transportation availability and copayments may have contributed to the lesser effect size seen in the trial.
Researchers assessed non-traditional mask materials, finding vacuum cleaner filters reduced infection risk by 83% for a 30-second exposure and 58% for a 20-minute exposure. N99 masks were found to be the most effective option, reducing average risk by 94-99%.
Adults who meet recommended weekly physical activity levels have a significantly lower risk of death. Engaging in sufficient muscle strengthening and aerobic activities provides greater survival benefits, with those fully meeting guidelines experiencing a 40% lower risk of death from any cause.
The ISCHEMIA trial results show that initial medical therapy is more beneficial than invasive interventions like revascularization in reducing hard outcomes and improving health outcomes for patients with chronic coronary syndromes. The study's findings have significant implications for current guidelines and future clinical practices.