Articles tagged with Risk Reduction
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A recent study from FARI and The Cooper Institute found a significant relationship between omega-3 levels and heart rate recovery, with higher levels linked to faster heart rate drop. This association was more pronounced in women than men and was associated with reduced risk of sudden cardiac death.
A randomized trial found that higher doses of vitamin D3 supplementation did not reduce the risk of falls in older adults with elevated fall risk and low vitamin D levels. In contrast, some analyses suggested that higher doses may increase the risk of serious falls and hospitalization.
A recent study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute scientists has found that clonal hematopoiesis can confer a health benefit in the setting of allogeneic stem cell or bone marrow transplants. Patients who received transplants from older donors with CH had a lower risk of relapse and longer survival compared to those without CH.
A University of Massachusetts Amherst physicist found that opening the front window on the right side and the rear window on the left side can create an air current barrier, reducing airborne pathogen transmission in cars. This measure can help lower the pathogen load in confined car spaces.
Research suggests that opening windows can reduce airborne particle exchange between a driver and passenger, lowering the risk of COVID-19 transmission. The best scenario is having all four windows open, but even one or two open windows are better than having them all closed.
A large observational study found that replacing red meat with high-quality plant foods like beans and nuts reduces the risk of coronary heart disease. Substituting whole grains, dairy products, and eggs for red meat also yields lower CHD risk.
Researchers found an overall 17% risk reduction for metastatic or fatal cancer and a 38% reduction among those with normal BMI. The study suggests that vitamin D may reduce the risk of developing advanced cancers, particularly in individuals with normal weight.
A majority of hospitalized patients support eliminating processed meats from hospital menus to reduce cancer risk. Processed meat is linked to various health issues, including colorectal, stomach, and pancreatic cancers, as well as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine shows that providing support for small lifestyle changes can almost halve the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The Norfolk Diabetes Prevention Study found that modest weight loss and increased physical activity reduced the risk by 40-47% for those with prediabetes.
A new study recommends reducing soccer players' head injury risk by inflating balls to lower pressures and subbing them out when wet. Inflating balls to pressures on the lower end of NCAA and FIFA ranges could reduce forces associated with potential head injury by about 20%.
A randomized controlled trial found that regular walnut consumption reduced inflammation in healthy older adults, associated with lower risk of heart disease. The study suggests walnuts' anti-inflammatory effects may provide a mechanistic explanation for cardiovascular disease reduction.
A new study published in the Journal of Transport & Health found that a jughandle design can virtually eliminate single bicycle crashes at railway crossings. The design realigns the approach angle to about 60 degrees, reducing the risk of tire being caught in the gap between the rail and pavement.
A year-long study found that smokers switching exclusively to glo reduced exposure to certain toxicants, similar to quitting completely. Glo's design minimizes ash production and odour, potentially reducing smoking-related diseases risk.
A unique biomarker combination predicts Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in critically ill children, enabling early identification and potential pre-emptive therapy. The study found that a combination of clinical scores and urinary markers can accurately predict severe AKI in PICU admissions.
A study investigated whether early tocilizumab treatment reduced the risk of death among critically ill COVID-19 patients. The results showed that patients treated with tocilizumab in the first two days after admission had a lower risk of death compared to those not treated early.
Research suggests that performing physical activity in the morning can significantly reduce breast and prostate cancer risk. The study found that exercising between 8-10 am had the strongest protective effect, particularly for individuals with late chronotypes.
A recent study published in eLife found that statins may lower overall cancer risk by inhibiting HMGCR enzymes, potentially through non-lipid lowering mechanisms. The research used genetic variants from UK Biobank and suggested a possible link between statin therapy and reduced cancer risk.
A study of over 24,000 trauma patients in four countries found that longer delays in treatment can increase the risk of disability or death. The authors suggest that rapid transportation may be associated with reduced risk of poor outcomes and urge emergency services staff to make the most of prehospital time.
A $100M program will utilize a large consortium of wildlife and human disease experts to reduce the risk of zoonotic viral spillover and spread. The program aims to enhance capacity in Africa and Asia to identify and respond to spillover events.
A study found that video messages are significantly more effective than text-only messages in influencing parent smokers' intentions to protect their children from secondhand smoke. Videos depicting the risks and solutions were most effective, especially when including recommendations for cessation and exposure reduction.
A new study found that China's aerosol pollution reduction efforts have caused warming in northern latitudes, potentially masking some effects of global warming. The research suggests that the reductions in particulate pollution may have unmasked around 0.1 degrees Celsius of greenhouse-gas-induced warming.
A prospective cohort study found that cycling was associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk among people with diabetes. The study analyzed data from over 7,500 adults and showed that even short periods of cycling per week can significantly reduce the risk of premature death.
A new study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings finds that EPA and DHA supplementation reduces multiple types of cardiovascular risk, including coronary heart disease events and fatal heart attacks. The research concludes that increasing omega-3 intake through supplements or diet can contribute to cardioprotection.
A study of 82 young adults with varying ApoE gene variants found no differences in memory performance, but distinct brain activity patterns, suggesting potential early disease processes. The researchers used functional MRI to examine the impact on the hippocampus, an area crucial for memory.
A recent study found that nonnative plant invasions can occur through hitchhiking seeds on shipping containers, with potential risks to agriculture and native ecosystems. The researchers propose strategies such as liquid pre-emergent herbicide application and inspection for exterior seeds to reduce risk of invasion.
A recent study published in Nutrients found that consuming red and processed meat increases a protein compound linked to heart disease. High-heat caramelization during cooking can create compounds called advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which accumulate in the body and interfere with normal cell functions.
A study of over 550,000 adults in the UK found that losing an average of 13% of body weight reduced the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 42%-44%, sleep apnoea by 22%-27%, high blood pressure by 18%-25%, and dyslipidaemia by 20-22%. The study suggests that intentional weight loss can markedly reduce disease risk in people with obes...
A systematic review of over 100 studies found that a more vegetable-rich diet, higher potassium intake, and reduced salt consumption can lower the risk of chronic kidney disease. Adhering to these recommendations could reduce the risk by 14-22%.
Research shows handgrip strength can predict type 2 diabetes risk by 50% per unit increase, with implications for prevention strategies. The finding is marked in women and could be used to identify individuals at high risk.
Researchers studied epigenetic modifications associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in trauma survivors, finding a link to the gene NTRK2 and reduced PTSD risk. The study revealed that epigenetic modification of NTRK2 was predictive of PTSD risk, but its relationship with PTSD is complex and influenced by multiple factors.
A new online calculator developed by UVA Health System researchers can predict stroke risk in patients with metabolic syndrome. The tool, available for free, uses a scoring system to assess the severity of metabolic syndrome and identify patients at risk.
A study published in Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica found that HPV vaccination significantly reduces the risk of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, a precancerous condition leading to cervical cancer. Vaccination coverage was high among young women born in 1993, resulting in a 30% lower risk compared to those...
Decades of research have failed to show consistent benefit for lowering LDL cholesterol levels in reducing heart disease and death. The approach has been shown to fail in identifying those at high risk while including those at low risk, who don't need treatment.
Three new pathways for organisations to manage digital transformation have been defined by research from Professor Feng Li. The findings highlight the need for diversification and portfolio management to mitigate costs of failure in a highly volatile sector.
A new study published at the 2020 Alzheimer's Association International Conference suggests that receiving at least one flu vaccination can lower the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease over a lifetime. The research found that people who received a flu vaccine were 17% less likely to get Alzheimer's disease.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine shows that genetic pre-screening can reduce the number of screening tests needed to identify individuals at risk for osteoporotic fractures by up to 41 percent. This could lead to cost savings and more efficient screening programs.
A plant-based diet can help promote healthful aging and mitigate the global burden of disease. The diet has been shown to reduce the risk of diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cancer, and heart disease by almost 50%. Plant-based diets rich in fruits, vegetables, grains, and legumes have also been tied to increased life expectancy.
A large, NIH-funded trial found that a nurse-managed, individually tailored falls prevention plan did not significantly reduce the risk of serious fall injuries in older adults. The study assessed the effectiveness of an evidence-based intervention implemented by trained Falls Care Managers.
The STRIDE study found that a personalized approach to falls risk reduction resulted in an 8-10% reduction in serious fall injuries among older adults. However, potential barriers such as transportation availability and copayments may have contributed to the lesser effect size seen in the trial.
Researchers assessed non-traditional mask materials, finding vacuum cleaner filters reduced infection risk by 83% for a 30-second exposure and 58% for a 20-minute exposure. N99 masks were found to be the most effective option, reducing average risk by 94-99%.
Adults who meet recommended weekly physical activity levels have a significantly lower risk of death. Engaging in sufficient muscle strengthening and aerobic activities provides greater survival benefits, with those fully meeting guidelines experiencing a 40% lower risk of death from any cause.
The ISCHEMIA trial results show that initial medical therapy is more beneficial than invasive interventions like revascularization in reducing hard outcomes and improving health outcomes for patients with chronic coronary syndromes. The study's findings have significant implications for current guidelines and future clinical practices.
Real estate control policies in China can reduce discount rate risks and overall firm risks to banks. Financial control policies increase risk, while land policies decrease it. Tax-related stimulating policies also impact risk.
A new modeling study evaluates COVID-19 epidemics in lower-income countries and finds that even with reduced risk due to younger populations, limited healthcare capacity and inter-generational contact increase overall risk. Mitigation strategies are crucial to prevent health system overburdening.
A new study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that regular volunteer work among older adults (50+) significantly reduces mortality risk, improves sense of well-being, and boosts physical activity. However, volunteering did not show direct impact on chronic conditions such as diabetes or heart disease.
China experienced a warm year in 2019, with mean temperature 0.79°C above normal and annual rainfall 2.5% above normal. Disaster risks were reduced, leading to less economic loss and fewer fatalities.
Patients with high disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis are at a higher risk of developing venous thromboembolism. Treatment with biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) such as TNF inhibitors can reduce this risk by nearly half compared to conventional synthetic drugs.
Researchers at Harvard and MIT have developed pop-up shoe grips inspired by snake skin that increase friction between the shoe and ground. These assistive grips could significantly reduce the risk of falls among older adults and improve the mobility of all-terrain robots.
The article highlights the importance of a risk governance framework in overcoming crises like Covid-19. Five key aspects are particularly relevant: increasing global capacities for scientific appraisal, analyzing public opinion and perception, effective crisis communication, risk evaluation, and management strategies.
Research found that physical activity at work may increase risk of neck and back pain, while leisure time activities have a positive effect. A balance between work and rest is key to reducing the risk of disability and impaired quality of life.
Research found that most people at high risk of overdose in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside who use cannabis do so for pain relief and other therapeutic reasons. Cannabis users in this group had lower odds of experiencing a recent non-fatal opioid overdose, indicating a possible reduction in opioid reliance.
A federal program that provides financial payments for monitoring and reducing cardiovascular risk in high-risk patients has led to intensified treatment. As part of the Million Hearts Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction Model, healthcare providers assessed patient risk and prescribed cholesterol-lowering and blood pressure-lowering ...
A study published in the American Heart Association journal Hypertension found that intensive blood pressure control reduces the risk of atrial fibrillation. Lowering systolic blood pressure to less than 120mmHg resulted in a 26% lower risk of AFib compared to standard lowering, with similar benefits seen across different groups.
The American Academy of Neurology recommends considering PFO closure for some people under age 60 who have had a stroke without other possible causes identified, to reduce the risk of future strokes better than medication alone. The procedure can safely be performed for those with no other higher risk cause of stroke.
A NYU study published in Pediatrics reveals that a triadic intervention involving parents and healthcare providers significantly reduces adolescent sexual risk behavior. The Families Talking Together program delays sexual debut by 12 months and increases condom use among adolescents aged 11-14.
People with type 2 diabetes and heart disease may benefit from newer therapies that combine glucose control with cardiovascular benefits. These treatments, such as SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists, have been shown to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events and improve outcomes for patients.
Researchers found that women who made lifestyle modifications in middle age reduced their long-term risk of total stroke by nearly a quarter and ischemic stroke by more than one-third. Engaging in daily exercise and quitting smoking were estimated to reduce the risk of total stroke by 25% and ischemic stroke by 36%.
A new study published in Acta Paediatrica found that children who go to bed early experience greater weight gain than those who go to bed late. The study of 1,258 Indigenous Australian children aged 6 years revealed consistent early bedtime routines may reduce the risk of overweight or obesity.
The study found that the risk of death from stroke fell by 24% over 15 years, with the one-year death rate decreasing from 32.6% to 20.15%. The risk of disability after a stroke also decreased by 23%, from 34.7% to 26.7%.
A long-term study found that regular tub bathing is associated with a lower risk of death from heart disease and stroke, with higher frequencies seeming to offer greater protection. The study tracked over 61,000 middle-aged adults in Japan and found that daily hot baths were linked to a 28% lower overall risk of cardiovascular disease.