Articles tagged with Energetics
Researchers found that plasmoid reconnection in Mercury's magnetotail could accelerate energetic electrons, solving a puzzle left by previous space missions. The study also revealed that turbulence enhances reconnection, leading to improved predictions for future missions like Bepi-Colombo.
Researchers have designed molecular perovskite-based energetic materials with improved explosive performances, including high detonation heat, velocity, and pressure. The new materials also exhibit increased thermal stability and low impact sensitivity, making them suitable for military devices and civil industry.
A new theoretical model reveals that these particles originate from accelerated cosmic rays via powerful black-hole jets. The model explains the similar energies of the particles by suggesting they inherit energy from their parent particles.
Researchers have solved a six-decade-old mystery about the source of energetic particles in Earth's inner radiation belt using data from a CubeSat. The study found that cosmic rays born from supernova explosions create charged particles, including electrons, that become trapped by Earth's magnetic field.
A University of Colorado Boulder student-built satellite has solved a 60-year-old mystery regarding the source of energetic and potentially damaging particles in Earth's radiation belts. The study found that these particles are created by cosmic rays entering the atmosphere, producing charged particles trapped by Earth's magnetic field.
Researchers used laser-created plasmas to simulate astrophysical behavior, finding two processes that transfer energy from magnetic reconnection to particles. Fermi acceleration and X-line acceleration were identified as key mechanisms.
A study found that pumas in developed areas are more active at night, expending 10-11% more energy daily. This increased activity affects their ability to hunt and feed their young, highlighting the importance of conservation strategies in human-dominated landscapes.
The Colorado State University team aims to increase algal cultivation productivity, optimize biomass composition, and extract different types of algal lipids to reduce upgrading costs. The goal is to double the yield of biofuel precursors from algae to around 3,700 gallons per acre per year.
Researchers have proposed a new approach to stabilizing next-generation fusion plasmas by understanding the impact of multiple Alfvén waves on high-energy particles. The study reveals that over 10 unstable waves can be excited, leading to up to 40% loss of energetic particles.
A NJIT graduate student has developed a method to accelerate the combustion of boron, a metal with high energy potential. Adding iron to boron improves ignition and speeds up its burning in air and steam.
A new study reveals that electromagnetic radiation from the Crab Nebula may originate in a single population of electrons, challenging traditional models. This suggests that a different acceleration process is needed to explain the entire electromagnetic spectrum.
Researchers have discovered a method to quickly shut down instabilities in fusion devices by injecting highly energetic particles, which can cause fusion reactions to fizzle out. This technique could prove useful for the international fusion facility ITER and demonstrate the ability to confine a burning plasma.
The ISS-CREAM experiment aims to study the origin and diversity of cosmic rays, potentially revealing new details about dark matter. By detecting primary particles, ISS-CREAM will extend measurements to the highest energies possible and increase exposure by an order of magnitude.
Physicist Mario Podestà develops a new subprogram to simulate particle motion in fusion plasmas, enabling faster and more accurate predictions. The improved code can now approximate the behavior of highly energetic atomic nuclei, crucial for achieving high-performance tokamaks like ITER.
A study documents the African leopard's caloric demands and predatory behaviors, revealing that males spend 26% of their daily calories on territorial patrol, while females expend 8% on parenting. This data provides insight into the cats' behavior, allowing researchers to assess ecosystem impacts and predict human actions
A new study finds that exposure to mildly cold or warm environments can increase metabolism and energy expenditure, helping tackle obesity. The research also shows increased insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes after 10 days of intermittent cold exposure.
A team of scientists has identified a two-part system protecting the heart muscle's power grid from disease-related damage. The mitochondrial circuits in the heart are arranged in parallel rows, forming several smaller subnetworks that limit the spread of electrical dysfunction.
Researchers have shed light on the absorption of light by anatase titanium dioxide using cutting-edge spectroscopic techniques and theoretical calculations. They discovered that strongly bound excitons exhibit novel properties, including confinement to a two-dimensional plane and stability at room temperature.
Researchers at Tohoku University used large-scale hybrid quantum-classical simulations to explain ATP hydrolysis energy. They discovered the microscopic mechanism of AHE release in water, finding that electronic-state stabilization and hydration free energy compensate for each other.
Researcher Keith Moored aims to understand the forces, energetics and flow physics of collective locomotion in schools of fish to develop optimized underwater vehicles. He will use a low-speed wind tunnel facility and particle image velocimetry system to characterize flow fields and forces acting on pitching wing models.
A study by universities of Bonn and Bamberg found that real-time shower feedback can reduce energy and water consumption by 22%. The feedback system showed current energy and water usage, leading to lasting behavioral changes among participants.
President Obama expresses confidence in a clean energy economy driven by economic growth and cost savings. He cites evidence of reduced emissions and carbon dioxide drops alongside businesses profiting from renewable energy investments.
Scientists have made significant advancements in understanding the ionosphere, a region of Earth's atmosphere that reacts to changes from both space above and Earth below. Research reveals that the ionosphere can experience 'overcooling', causing rapid energy loss and collapse, which can disrupt satellite orbits.
Researchers provide a major perspective on four key problems in magnetic reconnection, including the rate problem, trigger problem, energetics problem, and interplay of scales problem. The study advances understanding of these puzzles using data from satellite sightings, laboratory experiments, and computer simulations.
Consumers in three US cities showed willingness to pay a premium of up to 17% for second-generation biofuels, which are made from sustainable biological non-food sources. The study found that marketing efforts could improve perceptions and increase consumer adoption.
Researchers at General Atomics have developed a gamma ray camera to image energetic electrons in ultra-hot fusion plasma, providing unprecedented insights into their behavior. The device reveals that radiation forces can sap high-energy electrons, while collisions with other electrons are more effective at lower energies.
Researchers found that great hammerhead sharks swim on their sides at approximately 60° roll angles, allowing them to minimize energy expenditure. This unique swimming style enables the sharks to avoid sinking and continue swimming efficiently due to lift forces produced by their dorsal fins.
Researchers successfully created conditions for a fusion yield five times higher than current record using the OMEGA laser. The direct-drive approach, used by LLE scientists, is promising for achieving fusion as an energy source.
New research suggests that microgrids may not always be economically efficient in regulated electricity markets. The study examines scenarios for adding a microgrid to a vertically integrated utility network, finding that it can increase or decrease economic efficiency depending on cost assumptions and network characteristics. In some ...
New observations from NASA's Van Allen Probes have revealed the ring current behaves differently than previously thought. The high-energy protons in the ring current change in a completely different way from the low-energy protons, indicating a persistent ring current around Earth even during non-storm times.
Researchers at the University of Washington have discovered a way to harness light energy by exploiting quantum-level interactions in graphene. By aligning graphene with boron-nitride, they created a superlattice that enables efficient optoelectronics, allowing one photon to transfer its energy to multiple electrons.
A team of Russian scientists has measured the temperature dependences of two energetic gaps in iron-based superconductors, a breakthrough that could help solve questions about their appearance. The discovery confirms the existence of two-gap superconductivity, which was previously doubted, and highlights the complexity of this phenomenon.
Scientists have found that repeated storms in 2013/14 were the most energetic to hit western Europe in almost seven decades, leading to extensive beach and dune erosion. The research also shows a growing trend of stormy conditions with potential changes to beaches along the continent.
The Southwest Research Institute\u2019s CuSP microsatellite will observe interplanetary magnetic fields and energetic particles in the solar wind. The mission aims to improve simulations of space weather, helping scientists understand its impact on power grids and space technology.
Researchers find that even gases without thermalization can be cooled by removing high-energy particles through electromagnetic fields, and this effect is made possible by quantum mechanical waves.
A study published in Current Biology found that people subconsciously change their walking patterns to expend the least amount of energy possible. By wearing robotic exoskeletons and altering resistance levels, researchers showed that participants adapt their step frequency to converge on a new energetic optimum within minutes.
Tropical Depression Kilo has recently become more energetic, with heavy rainfall rates of almost 65 mm/hour detected by NASA's GPM Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar. The depression's storm tops were also found to be very tall, measuring over 15.4 km altitude.
Joo H. Kim, an assistant professor at NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering, receives the 2015 Freudenstein/General Motors Young Investigator Award for advancing study on energy expenditure in robotic systems. His research focuses on developing systems to measure and analyze with unprecedented accuracy the energy expenditure of robots.
The article explores how particle accelerators contribute to medical treatments by providing precise control over energetic particles. Researchers are developing smaller and lower-cost machines to improve the curative capabilities of cancer treatment while reducing costs.
Researchers aim to develop more efficient fusion reactions using laser technology, leveraging Sandia's Z accelerator and LLE's OMEGA laser facility to study intermediate-density plasmas. The goal is to improve techniques for compressing and heating fuel to increase efficiency and understand subsidiary processes.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have created a record high number of positrons using lasers, which could help study gamma-ray bursts and extreme astrophysical processes. The team used three laser systems to produce nearly a trillion positrons, opening opportunities for antimatter research.
Researchers found individuals with elevated depressive symptoms performed poorly hearing all categories of speech, not just sad speech, in cocktail party-like environments. The study's findings suggest a broader issue with emotion-general deficit in speech perception for those with depression.
Researchers discovered a metabolic signature associated with major depression, including changes in mitochondrial DNA and telomere length. The findings suggest that depression may be linked to the body's response to environmental stressors.
Researchers have updated the TRANSP program to better simulate interactions between energetic particles and instabilities in plasma, which can affect fusion reactions. The updated code will provide a more accurate way to compute particle transport and improve simulations for future fusion facilities like ITER.
Researchers found that consumers experiencing a deactivating emotion are less responsive to high-energy commercials. A moderately energetic commercial is more effective in such cases. The study's findings have implications for ad placement during TV programs.
A new study found that high-energy TV commercials can be overwhelming for consumers, especially during sad or relaxing shows. Moderately energetic commercials, on the other hand, were shown to be more effective in grabbing viewers' attention and leaving a positive impression.
Researchers from Inserm confirm triheptanoin's efficacy in treating Huntington's disease by restoring normal brain energy metabolism. A pilot clinical trial with ten patients showed significant improvements, paving the way for a larger-scale trial.
Global CO2 emissions hit a new all-time record of 35.3 billion tonnes in 2013, with China's emissions increasing at a slower rate than usual due to energy efficiency improvements and renewable energy growth. The US saw a slight increase in emissions, while the EU continued to decrease emissions.
A 1985 mass mortality and a 2012 severe cold snap led to the deaths of nearly one-third of Camargue flamingo population. The study suggests that freezing temperatures increased the birds' energy demands, tipping them into starvation. The researchers found that the 2012 event had a lower death toll due to milder temperatures.
The study found that mountain lions use a 'stalk and pounce' strategy due to its high energy efficiency, with costs varying depending on prey size. The new SMART collar technology enabled researchers to track and quantify the energetic costs of these behaviors.
A study found that cheetahs' energy expenditure is driven by distance traveled to find prey, not prey theft. Habitat loss and human activities force cheetahs to travel farther, making life harder for them. The researchers suggest that these factors are more important for population viability than direct competition with larger predators.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism, 'stable energetic embedding', where atoms and molecules become trapped within ice. This discovery has significant environmental, scientific, and defense-related implications.
Researchers at Syracuse University have created biomimetic sacs that undergo spontaneous oscillations and tunable frequency, mimicking the behavior of living cells. The discovery has significant implications for the development of artificial cells and clocks.
The Voyager and IBEX missions have greatly expanded our understanding of the outer heliosphere, providing detailed information about interactions at its edge. Recent studies have focused on the enigmatic ribbon of enhanced emissions, which was only detected by IBEX in 2009.
Researchers at the Telescope Array observatory detected a disproportionate number of high-energy cosmic rays emanating from a specific area in the northern sky. The discovery provides a promising lead in identifying the sources of these enigmatic particles, which are believed to originate from beyond our galaxy.
Researchers found that the daily energy demands of a female sea otter increase by 17% after giving birth to a pup and can be nearly twice what they are when she doesn't have a pup. The study reveals why female sea otters often appear in poor condition at the end of lactation period.
A study by World Agroforestry Centre found that Jathropha, promoted for its energy potential, failed in Kenya due to lack of market access and proper cultivation practices. The researchers emphasize the importance of analyzing the crop's impact before promotion.
Researchers at the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics have developed a system to precisely measure the duration of energetic electron pulses using laser fields. This allows for the investigation of ultrafast processes in atoms and molecules, providing insights into nature's smallest scales.
Researchers found hummingbirds can switch between burning glucose and fructose equally well, unlike humans who struggle with fructose metabolism. This efficient sugar-burning strategy enables hummingbirds to maintain hovering flight while minimizing unnecessary weight gain.
Gamma-ray burst GRB 130427A was observed by NASA satellites and ground-based telescopes, revealing a spike in high-energy gamma-rays that defies expectations. The event challenged current theoretical understanding of internal and external shock waves producing these bursts.