Research on measurable signals of health and disease. Covers ultrasound imaging pipelines, fetal-distress detection, cancer monitoring, and fatigue biology.
Researchers developed a novel gene expression approach to identify potential blood biomarkers associated with suicide in major depressive disorder. The study analyzed data from non-preserved blood samples and found significant differences in gene expression changes linked to stress response, immune dysregulation, and telomere maintenance.
The Chemical Insights Research Institute has received a prestigious award from the National Institutes of Health to study the link between electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) usage and periodontal disease. The researchers will analyze consumer vaping behavior data and biosamples to identify biomarkers of exposure and injury, aim...
A flexible sensor embedded in a diaper measures multiple components in urine, sharing results over Bluetooth for fast bedside analyses. The technology has potential to provide quick and painless urinalysis for incontinent, elderly or infant patients.
Researchers have identified a novel biomarker that uses radiomics to extract brain age from clinical MRI scans, revealing its potential in predicting stroke recovery and improving post-stroke surveillance. The study found that 'older-appearing' brains were more likely to suffer from hypertension and diabetes, while younger-looking brai...
A new study found a consistent increase in PHGDH expression among Alzheimer's patients and asymptomatic individuals, suggesting increased serine production in the brain. The findings prompt caution against taking serine supplements for Alzheimer's disease treatment or prevention.
Researchers found that normal-appearing lupus skin contains the same inflammatory signals as skin with rashes, suggesting a primed state for inflammation. The study's findings provide new insights into how UV light triggers rashes in lupus patients and highlight the potential for precision medicine in treating the disease.
A new study suggests that a wearable sensor can detect the gases released from a person's skin to monitor biomarkers related to metabolic disorders. The technology has the potential to track long-term changes in metabolic rates and could also be used to detect signs of liver disease.
A new study systematically reviews data on PFAS exposure and liver damage, linking three commonly detected PFAS to elevated levels of a liver enzyme, ALT. The research suggests a potential link between PFAS and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a growing public health crisis affecting 25% of adults worldwide.
Researchers identified P-tau181 as a blood biomarker for predicting dementia before symptoms develop. The study found that elevated levels of P-tau181 were associated with greater accumulation of ß-amyloid on brain scans, indicating early signs of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers developed a model using radiomic features from screening images to identify high-risk lung cancer patients. The model divided patients into groups according to their risk of having poor outcomes, with low-risk patients having an 83.3% five-year overall survival and high-risk patients having a 25% five-year overall survival.
A study led by Richard Isaacson found that individualized, multi-domain interventions improved cognition and reduced Alzheimer's risk in both men and women. Women demonstrated greater improvements in certain risk scores and biomarkers compared to men.
A new study indicates that artificial intelligence can accurately predict who will develop pancreatic cancer based on pre-diagnostic CT scan images. The AI tool was trained to analyze textural differences in the pancreas and achieved an accuracy rate of 86% in identifying those who would eventually develop the disease.
Researchers used lipidomics to identify lipids associated with cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes, finding a link between unsaturated fatty acids in the diet and reduced risk. The study's findings support replacing saturated fats with unsaturated ones for preventing these diseases.
Researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina have developed a highly accurate and minimally invasive test for detecting liver fibrosis. The test, GlycoFibroTyper, measures changes in sugar molecules attached to antibodies in patient blood samples.
Research presents a promising path forward for early identification and intervention of Alzheimer's disease through the study of executive function and biomarkers. A link to genetics research is also being explored to better understand genetic and environmental factors that influence cognitive and brain aging.
A study found that fetuses with single-ventricle congenital heart disease are more susceptible to social-emotional problems compared to those with two-ventricle congenital heart disease. Infants with impaired prenatal brain growth also experience worsened language, cognitive, and motor outcomes by 18 months.
A new study found that three experimental Alzheimer's blood tests perform differently in Black individuals compared to white individuals, putting Black patients at risk of misdiagnosis and inappropriate medical care. The PrecivityAD test was equally effective across racial groups.
A unique ratio of metabolites in blood samples may facilitate faster diagnosis of early-stage Alzheimer's disease. The discovery promises to reduce reliance on amyloid fragments, which can be detected using existing equipment.
A doctor's visit from the future describes patient care in 2042, where diagnosis and treatment are personalized based on individual biological abnormalities. Researchers believe this approach could lead to more effective treatments for neurodegenerative disorders.
Researchers found plasma neurofilament light levels were elevated in all types of frontotemporal dementia, and in people who had mutations but hadn't shown symptoms yet. Higher levels of the protein were associated with greater disease severity and increased just before symptom onset.
A new tsRNA, tRF-Gln-TTG-006, has been identified in the serum of liver cancer patients as a promising biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis. This discovery provides valuable information on the relationship between tsRNAs and liver cancer development.
The TTUHSC's C. Patrick Reynolds has received a $1.34 million CPRIT grant to investigate updating the clinical risk stratification scale for neuroblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, two childhood cancers in need of improved therapies.
A study suggests that accounting for genetic factors causing normal variations in PSA levels could improve the accuracy of prostate cancer detection. By analyzing data from over 95,000 men, researchers identified a polygenic score that accounted for 7.3-8.7% of variation in baseline PSA levels and was not associated with prostate cancer.
Children of exceptionally long-lived parents and their spouses experience lower risk of type II diabetes compared to the general population. The study found that low BMI, high HDL cholesterol, and certain hormones in the blood protect against developing diabetes II.
The CodeBreaK 100 trial demonstrated prolonged tumor responses and favorable safety profiles in patients treated with sotorasib. Long-term treatment was well-tolerated, with a two-year overall survival rate of 32.5%.
Researchers identified a genetic variant associated with increased response to anti-PD-1 therapy and higher immune-related side effects in lung cancer patients. The variant, found in 15.7% of exceptional responders, may be used to identify patients who would benefit from treatment.
A study found a shift in the profile of specialized lipid mediators from pro-resolving to pro-inflammatory in patients with cognitive impairment, correlating with severity of cognition impairment. The researchers identified novel mechanisms of brain health and potential therapeutic targets for slowing down Alzheimer's disease onset.
A new technique developed at the University of Birmingham uses electroencephalography (EEG) to measure brain activity in patients before surgery, predicting their likelihood of severe pain after recovery. This allows clinicians to plan additional preventative pain medication and potentially reduce chronic symptoms.
A study by University of Gothenburg researchers has identified two biomarkers that can distinguish between patients with subcortical small-vessel disease, Alzheimer's disease, and mixed dementia. The discovery opens up new possibilities for diagnosis, treatment, and medication development.
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) has announced the recipients of its 2022 Scientific Achievement Awards and Lectureships, recognizing Tony Hunter, Christina Curtis, John E. Dick, Kevan M. Shokat, and Lee M. Ellis for their groundbreaking contributions to cancer research.
Researchers have discovered 23 proteins in breast milk that could indicate breast cancer, paving the way for a potential blood test. The study's findings, if confirmed, may enable earlier diagnosis and improve survival rates.
A combination of two biomarkers has been found to identify patients with subcortical small-vessel disease, a common cognitive diagnosis. This discovery improves the potential for treatment and medication development for this patient group.
The ATHENA-MONO trial shows significant improvements in progression-free survival for patients with advanced ovarian cancer treated with Rubraca as maintenance therapy. Benefit was observed across all patients, including those with homologous recombination deficiency and BRCA mutant tumors.
H. Alex Choi receives NIH grant to develop protein biomarkers for delayed cerebral ischemia, a complication after subarachnoid hemorrhage that affects approximately 50,000 Americans annually. The goal is to predict which patients will worsen and identify biological processes causing worsening patients.
A study identifies new biomarkers that predict the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis, providing a non-invasive way to detect cardiovascular disease. The research team analyzed blood plasma samples and validated three proteins as biomarkers, improving the prediction of cardiovascular risk.
Researchers develop innovative non-contact agitation technology to assess motility and invasive capacity of cancer cells in tissue sections. The study reveals significant increases in Rac/Cdc42 activity in tumor areas, with stronger correlations found in advanced cancer stages.
Researchers developed an AI-based computer algorithm that accurately predicted heart health risks based on voice recordings alone, identifying a high biomarker score associated with increased CAD-related events. The study suggests voice technology could be a powerful screening tool in remote healthcare delivery and telehealth.
Researchers have identified a blood biomarker called glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) that may uniquely aid prediction of dementia in Mexican Americans. The study analyzed 745 participants over four years, finding that higher levels of GFAP predicted increased risk of developing dementia.
A Spanish national registry study found that over half of diagnosed lung cancer patients undergo biomarker testing, with a significant increase over the last five years. Nearly half of patients with positive test results received targeted treatment.
Researchers identified unique metabolite biomarkers associated with increased inflammation and bacterial burden in cystic fibrosis lungs. The study found correlations between metabolites and bacterial communities, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms of infection and inflammation in CF.
Researchers have identified phosphorylated human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) as a novel biomarker for aggressive cancers with poor prognosis. Elevated levels of this modified enzyme are found in various types of cancer, particularly those with aggressive features.
The study found that homologous recombination repair mutant type (HRRmt) was prognostic of progression-free survival and predictive for olaparib activity in women with recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer. Patients with BRCA mutations showed clinically significant activity when treated with experimental drugs.
The Southeastern Consortium for Lung Cancer Health Equity aims to address disparities in lung cancer screening among racially and ethnically diverse populations. Researchers will develop more precise methods for identifying those at highest risk of lung cancer diagnoses.
Researchers found a strong connection between retinal layer thickness and brain volume, suggesting retina assessments as a potential biomarker for brain atrophy. Thinner retinal layers correlated with reduced brain white matter and hippocampus volume.
A new system called PRMC-MS enables the comprehensive analysis of phosphoinositide acyl variants in various types of biological samples. This method allows for the simultaneous measurement of all eight classes of phosphoinositides and detection of tiny changes in intracellular levels.
The collaboration aims to accelerate addressing unmet needs in the neonatal population by applying quantitative modeling, biomarkers, and regulatory science. Patients and families will benefit from improved understanding of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and better patient enrollment for trials.
A recent study from the University of Kentucky's Sanders-Brown Center on Aging has shown promising results for a blood test that could identify Alzheimer's changes in the brain before symptoms appear. The test detects proteins associated with Alzheimer's and brain damage, which may indicate preventative treatments can be used.
The International Lipid Expert Panel recommends a step-by-step approach to diagnosing and managing muscle symptoms caused by statins. The 'nocebo/drucebo' effect, where patients experience side effects due to expectation, affects up to 70% of diagnosed statin intolerance cases.
Researchers developed tools to measure biological aging of various organ systems using biomarkers, statistical modeling, and machine learning. They found diverse correlations between different bodily systems, with some unexpected findings such as a link between gut microbiota diversity and kidney aging.
Researchers found an association between a specific HLA-DPB1 gene variant and poor response to sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for Japanese cedar pollinosis. The study suggests that genotyping the HLA-DPB1 gene could help predict patient responsiveness to SLIT.
Researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology developed a microchip capable of detecting ultra-low concentrations of prostate cancer antigens using flexible nanosheets. The chip's lower detection limit is comparable to that of large testing devices, enabling fast and accurate diagnosis.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered 110 genes, circular RNAs, lipids and metabolites that differ between medulloblastoma patients' cerebrospinal fluid and healthy controls. These findings provide proof of principle for novel biomarkers to detect and track the disease.
Researchers have discovered signature epigenetic biomarkers in mothers and fathers of preterm infants, which may lead to a non-invasive test to predict preterm birth. This could help prevent premature births and their related health impacts on infants.
Researchers propose various approaches using AI, deep learning, and machine learning to improve the accuracy and predictive power of biomarkers for cancer and other diseases. The tools have shown promising applications in identifying early-stage cancers, inferring the site of specific cancers, and predicting response to immunotherapy.
A recent study identified specific RNA biomarkers linked to gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism. The findings could lead to the development of personalized treatments to ease the pain of these individuals. The research has implications for precision medicine, enabling healthcare providers to track medication effectiveness...
A blood test detecting circulating tumor DNA can accurately predict recurrence of HPV-driven oropharyngeal cancer following treatment. The biomarker test may detect recurrent disease earlier than imaging or other standard methods, allowing physicians to personalize treatment more quickly for patients whose cancer returns.
Researchers have created a portable device that can detect Parkinson's disease by analyzing the unique odor compounds on a person's skin. The 'e-nose' system showed an accuracy of 79.2% in diagnosing PD, with potential for improving diagnosis through machine learning algorithms.
Researchers found elevated plasma xanthine oxidase activity and more fragments of damaged mitochondrial DNA in Black adults with resistant hypertension compared to white adults. These findings suggest an important underlying cause of increased cardiovascular risk in Blacks with difficult-to-treat hypertension.
Researchers discovered specific ceramides in the blood are associated with unfavorable levels of diabetes-related compounds, linking unhealthy diets to increased risk. Ceramide profiling may enable more precise dietary approaches for preventing cardiometabolic diseases.
Researchers at the University of Houston have identified a new biomarker, NPY1R, that predicts therapy outcome and has potential as a drug target in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. The study found that NPY1R expression is associated with favorable outcomes in Luminal A subtype breast cancer, but declines in resistant cases.