Articles tagged with Biomarkers
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers analyzed Eocene rocks found in the Green River Formation and identified features that visually indicate the presence of life. They used chemical analysis to confirm the presence of lipid biomarkers, which are preserved remnants of lipids synthesized by organisms.
A new study found that monitoring specific angiogenic biomarkers in maternal blood during early pregnancy can predict patients who will have normal pregnancies and those at high risk for complications. This allows physicians to identify, counsel, and manage high-risk patients earlier.
Cancer patients with high cardiovascular hormone/peptide levels have a shorter survival rate, even without clinical signs of heart disease or infection. These biomarkers indicate heart tissue damage directly linked to cancer progression.
Researchers at UCI have found a biomarker for diagnosing certain forms of autism, which involves a cellular calcium signaling process. The study also points to potential new drug discovery advances by targeting the inositol trisphosphate receptor, a key player in this process.
Researchers at NC State University isolated possible ovarian cancer biomarkers using a highly sensitive mass spectrometry analysis. The study found that the level of biomarkers associated with ovarian cancer does not simply increase or decrease over the course of the disease, but can rise and fall during different stages.
Researchers at Nanjing University have discovered new epigenetic markers for colorectal cancer, which may offer a new approach for treatment. The study found that heterochromatin protein HP1γ was critical for CRC cell proliferation and could be specially regulated by miR-30a.
Research suggests oxygen in atmospheres of habitable extrasolar planets might not necessarily come from biological processes, potentially expanding the search for life. Scientists have proposed alternative explanations for oxygen formation, including abiotic reactions on planetary surfaces.
A study found that obese individuals' brains show different connectivity patterns when craving food compared to normal-weight individuals. The researchers discovered a link between increased brain activity and weight gain in obese subjects.
IU School of Medicine researchers have developed biomarkers and apps that can predict the risk of suicide in individuals with bipolar disorder and other psychiatric illnesses. The tests, which use RNA biomarkers from blood samples along with questionnaire instruments, were able to predict suicidal ideation with over 90% accuracy.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that exercise can help alleviate excessive daytime sleepiness in depressed individuals by reducing two biological markers associated with hypersomnia. The study identified the biomarkers and showed that exercise reduced their levels, resulting in improved symptoms.
A study at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center found that CSN6 is overexpressed in colorectal cancer tissue samples, leading to poor survival rates. The biomarker's deregulation can lead to cancer development through cellular signaling pathways.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center have identified a novel genetic biomarker responsible for the progression of breast and prostate cancers. This discovery may aid clinicians in identifying patients who will respond better to common chemotherapy drugs that target aggressive forms of cancer.
A study has identified a novel microRNA, miR-181a-5p, as a potential diagnostic breast cancer biomarker in the blood. The use of Droplet Digital PCR technology enabled the accurate quantification of this miRNA, which showed significant downregulation in the serum of patients with breast cancer.
A new study has found that biomarkers, specifically phosphatidylethanol (PEth), are significantly higher in binge drinkers than moderate drinkers. PEth levels were positively correlated with the number of drinks consumed and self-assessment survey scores.
The University of Montana research team, led by Sarj Patel and Tom Rau, will conduct expanded testing on biomarkers for traumatic brain injury. They aim to clinically validate their research and explore chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
Researchers have identified two proteins in blood and cerebrospinal fluid that increase significantly after traumatic brain injury, suggesting they could be used to detect trauma-related brain damage. These biomarkers, UCH-L1 and GFAP, correlate with direct evidence of brain damage and may aid in assessing brain injury following TBI.
Researchers are collecting data from children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) to identify non-invasive biological markers for diagnosis, tracking, and assessment. The study aims to advance treatment research in autism by creating methods to measure social function and develop indicators of long-term clinical outcome.
The NIH is supporting a multi-year project to develop and improve clinical research tools for studying social impairment in children with autism. The project aims to create reliable tools for assessing potential treatments, which will aid in precision medicine approaches.
Researchers found evidence of Alzheimer's-like pathologies in individuals with the APOE ε4 variant, including increased amyloid plaque and tau levels. This study provides a foundation for further research among patients at risk of Alzheimer's earlier than usual.
Children of depressed mothers who show increased pupil dilation to sad faces are at higher risk of developing depressive symptoms and diagnoses over two years. The study suggests pupillometry could be used as a low-cost tool for pediatricians to identify children at highest risk.
Changes in key biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease during midlife may help identify those who will develop dementia years later. The study found that drops in amyloid beta 42 levels among cognitively normal participants are linked to the appearance of plaques in brain scans years later.
The study provides a comprehensive review of folate biomarkers, which can be used to assess an individual's or population group's folate status. Adequate folate intake is critical during fetal development to prevent birth defects such as spina bifida.
Researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine found that early indicators of Alzheimer's disease are not fixed in a specific sequence, complicating diagnosis efforts. The study suggests that different neurobiological pathways lead to the expression of the disease.
Researchers at Hiroshima University found a correlation between telomere G-tail length and endothelial dysfunction, as well as stroke and dementia, in patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease. The study suggests that telomere G-tail length may be a useful biomarker for predicting cardiovascular risk.
Researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have identified a biological marker for mental illness in female patients. The study found that specific genes, including XIST, are over-produced in women with mental illnesses like bipolar disorder, major depression, and schizophrenia.
A special issue of Future Oncology explores the role of biomarkers and next-generation sequencing in advancing cancer research and treatment. The issue highlights the potential of these technologies to provide a more precise picture of cancer and identify effective treatments.
Researchers used social network analysis to identify cancer biomarkers in patient genomic microarray data, dramatically decreasing the number of features to analyze. The approach has been successfully demonstrated for three types of cancer: lymphoma, colon cancer, and leukemia.
The discovery of microfossils in rocks dating back 1.5 billion years has confirmed the existence of eukaryotes, shedding light on their evolution and origins. The analysis of steroid molecules revealed no signs of contamination, contradicting previous findings.
Researchers have discovered a novel biomarker that tracks Parkinson's progression in the brain, providing a new tool for diagnosis and treatment. The study uses MRI-based diffusion imaging to measure changes in brain tissue fluid levels, which can inform treatment decisions and identify promising new therapies.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have identified two new classes of RNAs associated with breast cancer biomarker YB-1, which may play a role in prostate cancer progression. The discovery could lead to the development of new cancer treatments and provide insights into human biology.
Researchers found that patients with anti-TP53 autoantibodies can detect ovarian cancer up to 13 months before rising CA125 levels. The study suggests a novel assay method for earlier detection of the disease.
Researchers have discovered a protein biomarker that may indicate the presence of more aggressive prostate cancer. The biomarker, Runx2 phosphorylation, is closely associated with aggressive disease and has the potential to be a new drug target.
Researchers developed a new approach to identify reliable blood biomarkers for Parkinson's disease, which may lead to early diagnosis and targeted treatments. The study found RNA signatures that correlate with the disease-causing mutations in the LRRK2 gene.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute aim to identify biomarkers for accelerated drug development of disorders including autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, and intellectual disability. By validating biomarkers in mice, they hope to create tools and methods for developing new therapeutics.
Researchers have identified blood-based biomarkers that accurately diagnose active tuberculosis (TB) disease, monitor treatment response, and predict cure. These markers differentiate between latent TB infection and active TB with high specificity and sensitivity.
Researchers at Brown University have identified four blood proteins that can accurately signal mild traumatic brain injury within hours after a concussion. These biomarkers, which include copeptin, galectin 3, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and occludin, show significant changes in the bloodstream of patients shortly after a concussion.
Researchers propose two novel gas-sensing systems to measure intestinal gases, which may contribute to gastrointestinal diseases. These non-invasive methods could provide medical devices that reduce medical costs and improve healthcare system efficiency.
A new study found that cerebral blood flow recovery is a biomarker of concussion outcomes in college football players. The research, published in JAMA Neurology, suggests that reduced blood flow in the brain can indicate severity and potential for slow recovery.
Researchers are advancing blood biomarker capabilities using the Simoa technology, which offers unprecedented improvement in sensitivity proteins for detecting traumatic brain injury. The technology allows for more effective measurement of low concentrations of proteins such as tau, enabling more accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers identified key immune biomarkers that can help distinguish between HIV patients who experience life-threatening complications and those who fare well on treatment. The findings suggest that personalized approaches may be necessary for these patients, as a one-size-fits-all approach could worsen outcomes.
A Pitt study links biomarkers to long-term kidney damage and death in critically ill, highlighting the importance of early intervention. Researchers found that tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) and IGF-binding protein-7 (IGFBP7) can identify patients at increased risk for adverse outcomes.
A study published in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine found that smokers who metabolize nicotine quickly have better quit rates with varenicline, a non-nicotine replacement therapy drug. In contrast, slow metabolizers have similar success with the nicotine patch but without side effects.
A new study confirmed that people born weighing 6 pounds or less face an increased risk for type 2 diabetes as adults. The research identified specific biomarkers with relative predictive value, giving doctors potential new tools to understand individual risk among low birthweight women.
A study published in Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers found that specific variations in the ADIPOQ gene may increase or decrease colorectal cancer risk. The research suggests that these genetic variations interact with environmental factors, such as red meat intake, to affect cancer risk.
Researchers developed a new biomarker called SDMA that can identify chronic kidney disease in cats earlier than existing tests. Special diets have been shown to slow the progression of this disease once identified, and may help extend the lives of affected cats.
Researchers at NTU Singapore have developed a novel biomarker that can detect tumour cells and release anti-cancer drugs, opening up new doors in nanomedicine, bioimaging, and cancer therapeutics. The biomarker uses near-infrared light to penetrate deep tissue without causing damage to healthy cells.
The International Myeloma Working Group has updated its criteria for diagnosing multiple myeloma, allowing for earlier diagnosis without symptoms. The new guidelines incorporate validated biomarkers to identify patients at risk of progression, enabling targeted therapy and improved patient outcomes.
Scientists have identified two promising candidates for blood-borne biomarkers that could lead to a simple screening test. Abnormal DNA methylation patterns and microRNAs show promise in detecting colorectal cancer.
The institute aims to discover a biomarker that predicts the onset of allergy and leads to novel vaccine approaches, aiming to develop a simple blood test to predict likelihood of resolution or development of an allergy.
A study in JAMA Network found a strong association between tobacco use and the prevalence of oral human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) infection. Tobacco users were more likely to be male, younger, and have higher lifetime oral sexual partners, and had greater levels of biomarkers for tobacco exposure.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center identified a genetic variant near the KLK3 gene that can predict aggressive prostate cancer in GS7 patients. The study found a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on the KLK3 gene associated with disease aggression, providing potential biomarkers for personalized treatment.
Sok Kean Khoo, a GVSU researcher, has received a $110,000 grant from the Michael J. Fox Foundation to study molecular biomarkers for Parkinson's disease. The goal is to develop a blood test for early detection and potentially improve treatment options for the incurable neurological disorder.
A graphene biosensor has been developed to detect cancer risk biomarkers, such as 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), with high sensitivity and speed. The sensor is capable of detecting concentrations as low as 0.1 ng mL-1, outperforming conventional detection methods.
Researchers found that high levels of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 before treatment correlated with lower survival rates and less complete tumor regression. A blood test for these proteins could help predict patients' pathological response and disease-free survival rates, allowing for more personalized treatment plans.
Researchers found that APOE genotype influences the diagnostic accuracy of CSF biomarkers, particularly beta-amyloid 42 (Aβ42), in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease. In contrast, the APOE gene had no effect on Aβ42 levels in younger individuals.
A large-scale study by Uppsala University researchers reveals that genetics and lifestyle factors play a crucial role in protein levels, enabling the use of more effective biomarkers. The study analyzed 92 protein biomarkers in 1,000 healthy individuals, finding that hereditary factors contribute to over 75% of proteins.
A study published in The Journal of Nutrition found that a blood sample can be used to assess dietary compliance. The researchers identified biomarkers in the blood that reflected consumption of key components of a healthy Nordic diet, including fatty fish, vegetables, and whole grains.
The University of Maryland Schools of Dentistry and Medicine have received a five-year $10.7 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to study the causes, prevention, and treatment of sexually-transmitted diseases. The study aims to identify novel molecular biomarkers of susceptibility to STIs and disease severity.
VCU has received a five-year, $3 million grant to investigate how childhood experiences like severe illnesses and neglect affect health outcomes. Researchers will analyze DNA methylation patterns to identify potential biomarkers for early intervention.
University of Iowa researchers have identified a biomarker that can predict preeclampsia at least 6 weeks into pregnancy, enabling early detection and potentially preventing severe health issues. The study's findings hold significant implications for obstetric care in rural and underserved communities.