Articles tagged with Biomarkers
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The Moffitt Imaging Biomarker Validation Center will discover, develop and validate biomarkers for risk assessment, detection and molecular diagnosis of early cancer. The center is part of the National Cancer Institute's Early Detection Research Network.
A new clinical study found that exclusive e-cigarette use significantly reduces exposure to harmful chemicals similar to complete smoking cessation. The study measured biomarkers in urine, blood, and exhaled breath, revealing reductions of over 75% in carbon monoxide levels and over 80% in volatile organic compounds.
A study of 85 Gulf War veterans identified three types of white blood cells and six proteins in the blood that can help diagnose Gulf War Illness with 90% accuracy. The research found chronic inflammation as a key component of the illness, supporting the hypothesis that it is a well-defined chronic inflammatory disease.
Researchers have identified various miRNAs that can predict the response of metastatic renal cancer patients to anti-angiogenic agents. These biomarkers have been shown to be stable and detectable, allowing for personalized treatment. The study provides a promising tool for improving patient outcomes.
A recent study reveals that nearly 60 percent of people have preclinical heart failure stages A and B, with stage B individuals at increased risk for death. The findings highlight the importance of targeting prevention efforts at the earliest HF stages to avoid death, particularly among men and older adults.
A new biomarker, phosphorylated protein kinase LRRK2, has been found in patient urine samples and correlates with the presence and severity of Parkinson's disease. Elevated levels of this biomarker predict the risk for onset of Parkinson's disease and may be a promising guide for future clinical treatments.
Researchers discovered that tiny micro-vesicle structures in blood carry tell-tale proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease, enabling the prediction of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) progression. The findings represent a quicker and less invasive way to identify impending cognitive decline.
Researchers developed biomarker ratio imaging microscopy (BRIM) to differentiate between aggressive and non-aggressive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The technique combines traditional pathology and mathematical analysis, identifying biomarkers that can indicate the potential for cancer to become invasive.
Researchers at University of Birmingham develop test to predict sepsis in burn victims using biomarkers of neutrophil function. The test shows promise in identifying patients at risk of developing sepsis, a life-threatening condition that can be fatal if left untreated.
Researchers have discovered biomarkers using non-invasive liquid biopsies to identify aggressive disease in prostate cancer patients before surgery. The study uses urine samples from 210 patients and identifies a range of proteins that can help predict which patients have slow-growing versus aggressive cancer.
A meta-analysis of phase I clinical trials involving thousands of patients found that precision medicine treatment arms showed a higher response rate (30%) compared to non-personalized arms (4.9%), leading to improved outcomes and longer disease remission.
The Wilke Cohen Lyme Disease Project has received a $3 million pledge from the Steven & Alexandra Cohen Foundation to support its research into potential biomarkers for Lyme disease. The project aims to develop more effective diagnostics and treatments, building on initial discoveries made by ISB researchers.
Insilico Medicine presents research on applying deep learning to biomarker development and cosmetics applications at INNOCOS World Beauty Innovation Summit. The company's app RYNKL evaluates anti-aging interventions using machine learning methods, minimizing animal testing.
Researchers discover USP14 as a promising biomarker for predicting endometrial cancer recurrence. Women with high levels of USP14 are seven times more likely to recur than those with low levels, highlighting the potential for tailored treatment approaches.
The IsoPSA test detects prostate cancer by identifying molecular changes in the prostate specific antigen (PSA) protein. It also differentiates between high-risk and low-risk disease, as well as benign conditions.
Researchers at Tufts University have developed a method to stabilize blood samples for long periods without refrigeration, using air-dried silk protein. This technique has broad applications for clinical care and research, particularly for underserved populations.
A new study published in Frontiers in Pediatrics investigated the effects of a steroid treatment on children with ARDS, finding improved ventilation and blood oxygenation without affecting mortality rates. The study identified key biomarkers associated with lung inflammation and injury, paving the way for targeted treatment development.
Using clinical data from over 7 million US armed forces members, researchers identified patients with Crohn's disease and found that specific antimicrobial antibodies in their serum samples were associated with increased risk of complications. These biomarkers could potentially predict IBD development and inform preventive strategies.
A new study shows that current carrier screening methods are insufficient and can give prospective mothers a false sense of security. Whole genome studies are needed to ensure both mates don't carry recessive mutations in the same gene(s). DNA-based screening can detect many more disease-causing genetic variations
Researchers investigate relationship between plasma Aβ levels, cognitive function, and brain volumetrics in Alzheimer's patients. Plasma Aβ measures may serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
Scientists at Oxford University have identified biomarkers that could indicate TB risk and provide clues to assess the effectiveness of potential new vaccines. The discovery was made using immune correlates, also known as biomarkers, which can be measured in the blood.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study identifies epiregulin as a potential biomarker for lung cancer, with mice lacking the growth factor developing fewer tumors and reduced inflammation. The findings suggest epiregulin increases cell proliferation, promoting tumor growth.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that chronological age was the single best predictor of death in three countries, followed closely by self-reported mobility. Telomere length, previously believed to be a powerful biomarker for aging and mortality, ranked lower than other indicators in predicting mortality.
Researchers at Indiana University have identified blood-based biomarkers and developed questionnaire-based apps that can help clinicians identify female patients at greatest risk of suicidal ideation or behavior. The study found that these tools were able to predict future instances of suicidal thoughts with high accuracy, suggesting p...
A new biomarker-based tool, 'ABC risk score,' allows for personalized treatment to prevent strokes with minimal bleeding complications. The app is available as a web-based instrument and will soon be available as an app.
Researchers identified biological markers in blood samples from latently infected individuals that can predict the risk of developing active TB. These biomarkers may enable targeted therapies to prevent illness in high-risk individuals.
A recent study found that US adults are struggling to adopt healthy lifestyle behaviors, with only 2.7% meeting the criteria for a 'healthy lifestyle' and a low risk of cardiovascular disease. The study measured four key behaviors: good diet, moderate exercise, recommended body fat percentage, and non-smoking habits.
The Operation Brain Trauma Therapy (OBTT) consortium has published results from five therapies for traumatic brain injury, finding Levetiracetam to be the most beneficial treatment. Biomarker GFAP was also found to perform well across studies.
A new technique developed by Stanford chemists has shown promise to be thousands of times more sensitive than current techniques in lab experiments. The test uses DNA screening technology and could enable early detection of diseases such as cancer and HIV.
Researchers have identified promising biomarkers to monitor immunosuppressive drug therapy in organ transplant recipients, with the potential for individualized treatment to reduce rejection and minimize side effects. A panel of experts recommends a preliminary set of tests for use in biomarker-based immunosuppressive drug management.
Researchers have identified new prostate cancer markers in urine that show high specificity and sensitivity. A combination of these biomarkers could lead to a more accurate and reliable test for early diagnosis.
Researchers have identified a new biomarker associated with the activation of an innate immune response to neural damage during early stages of Alzheimer's disease. The concentration of a specific segment of the protein TREM2 in cerebrospinal fluid is significantly elevated in early stages of the disease.
The ALCF-IASLC Joint Fellowship Award supports novel research with the potential to positively impact lung cancer patients. Dr. Robin Mjelle's project aims to develop a risk-prediction tool and serum poly-marker kit for early lung cancer detection, leveraging pre-diagnostic serum samples from Norway's HUNT biobank.
A novel Ebola virus-encoded microRNA-like fragment serves as a biomarker for early diagnosis of Ebola virus disease (EVD). This fragment was found to be detectable in the blood of patients before the development of viremia, suggesting its potential to advance the diagnosable window for EVD.
A new method using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR) of blood plasma identifies unique metabolic biomarkers for early and late-stage lung cancer. The technique correctly classifies 78% of patients and 92% of controls, showing promise as a complementary tool to improve lung cancer screening.
EPFL researchers have developed a low-cost, portable microfluidic diagnostic device that can detect various diseases with high accuracy. The device operates on battery power, uses inexpensive microscopes, and requires no pre-treatment of blood samples.
Research has made significant progress in understanding mood and psychotic disorders, enabling individualized treatment approaches. Key findings highlight the potential of biomarkers such as neuroanatomy, neuro-circuitry, and genetic markers to stratify patients into clinically distinct subgroups.
Researchers developed a new technology to detect disease biomarkers in nucleic acids, which can be used as indicators of what's going on inside cells and tissue. The approach uses nanotechnology to identify specific target sequences and quantify them through electronic signatures.
A new DNA-based digital PCR assay has been developed to detect persistent disease in CML patients who appear to be in remission. The assay was found to be more sensitive than current methods, detecting disease in 81% of samples, and may lead to improved treatment decisions for individual patients.
A study published in Neurology found that people taking natalizumab for multiple sclerosis have a higher risk of developing JC virus-related infections, which can lead to fatal brain disease. Researchers monitored levels of anti-JC virus antibodies in patients treated with natalizumab and found a significant increase in risk.
Researchers at Georgia State University discovered gene-targets that may enable alternative treatments or new drugs targeting metastasis-promoting tumor genes. Biomarkers like enhanced neuropilin-1 and NEDD9 positively correlated with metastasis in endometrial and lung cancer.
A new study by King's College London found that measuring fetal fibronectin at 18-21 weeks of gestation offers a similar predictive value to measurements at 22-27 weeks for spontaneous preterm birth. Combining cervical length with the biomarker test improves diagnostic accuracy.
Patients undergoing major vascular surgery experienced high rates of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, increasing long-term cardiovascular-specific death. Preoperative risk stratification through estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria can help prevent or mitigate further decline in kidney function.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center found stronger DMN connectivity in individuals at high familial risk for depression. The study suggests that this increased connectivity may be a precursor, or biomarker, indicating a risk of developing major depressive disorder.
Researchers at UC San Diego are investigating DNA methylation in the blood as a potential signature for Parkinson's disease. The study, funded by the Michael J. Fox Foundation, aims to improve early diagnosis and treatment of the chronic movement disorder.
A new study finds that biomarkers outperform symptoms in identifying distinct psychosis subgroups, suggesting a more precise diagnosis may lead to improved treatments. The research used 1,872 participants and identified three biotypes, each with unique patterns of brain function and structure.
Scientists at Cornell University's Baker Institute have developed a device that diagnoses stroke in under 10 minutes using a drop of blood. The technology detects biomarkers in the blood to measure the concentration of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), a substance found in higher concentrations in stroke victims.
The special issue of Biomarkers in Medicine focuses on advances in biomarker research for regulatory science. Biomarkers are used to predict response to therapies, disease prognosis, and establish baseline risk. The journal aims to facilitate translation of research knowledge into clinical practice.
A recent study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that U.S. adults who used only smokeless tobacco products had higher levels of biomarkers for nicotine and cancer-causing toxins. This increased exposure puts smokeless tobacco users at risk for adverse health effects, including cancer.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University found that thyroid cancer detection assays may not accurately measure two major biomarkers. The proteins tend to clump together, making it difficult to detect the true levels of thyroglobulin and galectin-3. By adding a step to break up these clumps, the tests could be made more accurate.
Researchers have discovered a large number of genes that are upregulated in various types of cancer, which could be used to develop early detection tests and targeted therapies. The study, published in Cancer Research, utilized two different technologies to identify 128 markers that were consistently perturbed in both datasets.
Researchers have discovered that autism-relevant biomarkers can be measured in adult saliva, providing a promising avenue for non-invasive diagnosis and treatment. The study, which analyzed levels of 10 biomarkers in saliva from neurotypical adults, brings us closer to effectively diagnosing and treating autism.
A phase III trial showed that sorafenib modestly increased progression-free survival (PFS) and disease control rate in NSCLC patients, but did not impact overall survival. The study also found that EGFR mutation positive patients receiving sorafenib had significantly longer OS and PFS.
Researchers have developed a blood test that can detect subtle signs of concussion in children with 94% accuracy, identifying the presence of traumatic brain injuries and severity levels. This simple yet effective test uses biomarkers found in glial cells surrounding neurons in the brain.
The article reviews lessons learned from Alzheimer's disease research to advance the development of screening and diagnostic algorithms for Parkinson's disease. It explores MCI-AD research, clinical trials incorporating biomarkers and genetics, and emerging therapeutic strategies targeting specific biological mechanisms.
Researchers have developed a technique that uses volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath to identify biomarkers of hypoxia. The study replicated a standard 'hypoxic' event and found that VOC analysis could detect the condition, which can be life-threatening if left untreated.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a new tool to identify DNA and RNA sequences, which will help detect diseases and design therapies. The method allows for the simultaneous observation of multiple biomarkers by adjusting the brightness of fluorescent probes.
Researchers have identified a small RNA molecule, SNORA42, that enables aggressive colorectal cancers to progress and resist treatment. Detecting high levels of this biomarker in patient tissues may help clinicians determine which patients benefit from more aggressive therapy.
Researchers at Barrow Neurological Institute and TGen will analyze blood and CSF samples from 60 participants to identify peptide, protein, and RNA biomarkers indicative of ALS progression. The goal is to develop effective treatments for patients in clinical trials.
A University of Chicago team aims to establish a new system of diagnosis for psychotic diseases using biomarkers, which may guide the development of novel therapies. The Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes will recruit additional study participants over five years.