Articles tagged with Medical Treatments
A study published in the British Medical Journal found that insulin pump users had a substantially lower risk of dying from cardiovascular disease than those using multiple daily injections. The researchers believe more frequent monitoring and training may be key to the therapy's benefits.
A study in the Canadian Journal of Cardiology found that even after educating healthcare providers about VTE prophylaxis, significant numbers of patients did not receive the recommended treatment. The study suggests that electronic patient records and innovative software programs can improve compliance rates.
A study published in Neuron found that stress can alter brain connections to impair self-control, particularly when faced with tempting food choices. Researchers discovered that individuals who experienced moderate stress were more likely to choose unhealthy options, and their brains showed altered patterns of connectivity.
Researchers developed an objective method to differentiate between bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder (MDD) based on urine metabolites. A panel of six biomarkers showed an 89-91% accuracy rate in predicting each condition.
A new narrative review published in JAMA found that current psychotherapy treatments are less than optimal for PTSD, with non-medical approaches effective but not universally effective. The study suggests a need for broader and more personalized approaches to care.
A randomized trial found that mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy resulted in greater improvement in self-reported PTSD symptom severity compared to present-centered group therapy. The study suggests that this type of intervention may be an acceptable alternative for veterans with poor adherence to existing treatments.
A study of 41,000 Danish women found unsuccessful fertility treatments do not increase depression risk. Becoming a mother is a greater trigger for clinically diagnosed depression than fertility treatment stress.
Researchers identified lanosterol as a key molecule in preventing lens protein aggregation, a major factor in cataract formation. Treatment with lanosterol significantly decreased preformed protein aggregates and reduced cataract severity in animal models.
UC Davis researchers estimate that the total costs of caring for people with autism spectrum disorder will range from $162 to $367 billion in 2015 and potentially reach $1 trillion by 2025. The study recommends increased investment in research and early intervention programs to reduce these costs.
A computerized attention-control training program significantly reduced combat veterans' preoccupation with - or avoidance of -- threat and attendant PTSD symptoms. This approach balances moment-to-moment fluctuations in attention bias from threat vigilance to threat avoidance, correlating with the severity of PTSD symptoms.
The University of Montana research team, led by Sarj Patel and Tom Rau, will conduct expanded testing on biomarkers for traumatic brain injury. They aim to clinically validate their research and explore chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
A new review article analyzes five interventional approaches to gallbladder disease, including laparoscopic cholecystectomy, NOTES, and endoscopic transmural drainage. The authors highlight the potential benefits of these minimally invasive procedures, which offer alternatives to traditional surgery and can improve patient outcomes.
The American College of Physicians recommends combined diet and physical activity promotion programs to prevent type 2 diabetes in at-risk patients. These interventions have been shown to be effective in reducing new onset diabetes and are also cost-effective.
Researchers developed a diagnostic test for sperm RNA based on next-generation sequencing, which may help determine the best infertility treatment for couples having difficulty conceiving. The test can identify those who benefit from assisted reproductive technologies and those who may be successful with minimal intervention.
Research shows older patients with spinal cord injuries have more severe lag times between injury and surgery, with a significant delay in treating those over 70 years old compared to younger patients. This can lead to less severe injuries and better outcomes for these patients.
A study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that young people from poor nations can benefit from mental health treatment, even with untrained lay workers. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy showed a nearly 82% reduction in trauma symptom scores compared to usual treatment.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found that microRNA-132 plays a critical role in regulating the transition from inflammation to proliferation during wound healing. The researchers identified miR-132 as a therapeutic target for promoting healing and developing new treatments for chronic skin wounds.
University of Alberta scientists investigate physical principles underlying prion protein formation, with potential applications for diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Their recent discovery sheds light on microscopic mechanisms governing protein misfolding, offering a new step towards developing therapeutics.
A national study found that over half of substance abuse counselors personally experienced workplace violence, leading to concerns for personal safety, impaired job performance, and decreased quality of care. Organizations responded with increased training and security measures.
Early screening echocardiography for patent ductus arteriosus among extremely preterm infants reduced in-hospital mortality and pulmonary hemorrhage rates. The study found no significant differences in severe complications like necrotizing enterocolitis or bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Partnerships between multinational companies and child health programs can improve treatment rates and access to life-saving treatments, but also pose an ethical minefield. Critics argue that these connections can legitimize the sale of unhealthy products while diverting resources from public health measures.
A recent study published in The BMJ found that knee surgery for middle-aged and older adults with persistent knee pain offers a small but significant effect on pain, but no benefits for physical function. The research also identified potential harms, including deep vein thrombosis and infection.
Researchers developed a predictive model using VHA health system data to identify small groups of individuals with very high predicted suicide risk. The study found that the model was more sensitive than clinical flagging and could help tailor suicide prevention efforts to those at highest risk.
Two studies show ultrasound can identify RA patients in clinical remission with active subclinical synovitis, highlighting the risk of progressive joint damage. High-resolution ultrasound diagnoses active subclinical synovitis identifies patients who benefit from more intensive treatment.
A new study found that older asthma patients, particularly those over 30, are more likely to experience treatment failure. The risk of treatment failure increases proportionally with age above 30 and is associated with lower lung function measurements and longer duration of asthma.
The defense cascade is a continuum of innate defensive behaviors in response to threats. Clinicians can use targeted interventions to decrease arousal, manage traumatic memories, and alleviate negative emotional reactions.
A new study by Case Western Reserve University School of Dental Medicine researchers found that dental implants result in higher overall satisfaction among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Women with dental implants reported the highest satisfaction in emotional and sexual areas, while those without restorations scored lower.
Researchers found that patients with larger aneurysms or incomplete occlusion face a long-term risk of aneurysm recurrences after endovascular treatment. The study suggests that longer follow-up protocols may be necessary for some intracranial aneurysm patients who undergo EVT.
The Plant & Microbial Genomics Group at TGAC has been awarded £100k to investigate the sources of sugar beet infection by Erysiphe betae. The research aims to design genetic markers for a rapid detection technology and develop diagnostic tests to inform disease management strategy.
Diabetes research has made significant progress over the past 50 years, transforming treatment options and patient lives. The development of human insulin, improved glucose testing methods, and advanced delivery systems have greatly enhanced management of the condition.
A RAND Corporation study found that implementing CDS tools led to a small reduction in inappropriate advanced imaging studies, increasing the proportion of tests rated as appropriate. However, challenges persist due to limited criteria availability and tool limitations.
A long-term study in Pakistan found that prenatal treatment for depression had no effect on children's emotional and behavioral development. In contrast, maternal depression was linked to worse child outcomes, emphasizing the need for integrated maternal and child health programs.
Research reviews suggest that individuals with cognitive impairment, including dementia and Alzheimer's disease, exhibit altered pain processing. This is often accompanied by increased sensitivity to painful stimuli, making effective diagnosis and treatment challenging due to communication difficulties.
A new study from Iran recommends treatments of hot water with calcium to extend storage life and improve quality in kiwifruit. The research evaluated the effect of hot water combined with Ca solution treatments on qualitative characteristics of kiwifruit during cold storage, showing that these treatments significantly suppressed color ...
A study published in BMC Family Practice reveals that South Asian individuals with diabetes often struggle due to conflicting views on the causes of their condition. However, strong family support networks can help manage the disease, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive treatment plans and education guidelines.
Researchers developed a novel method to measure injectable wrinkle reducer efficacy using 3D imaging. The technique, called speckle tracking photogrammetry, allows for objective evaluation of wrinkle reduction and optimal dosage. It has the potential to guide physician and consumer choice in individual cases.
Researchers discovered two distinct types of nervous systems in the respiratory circuit, one for upper airway sensations and another for lower lung region emotions. This breakthrough may lead to new treatments for cough hypersensitivity and related respiratory diseases.
Recent clinical trials demonstrate significant improvements in neurological function with clot retrieval therapies, increasing recovery rates to 40-50%. However, implementation into practice requires concentrated effort from multiple parties, including training and education.
A new method of oxygen delivery, high-flow nasal oxygen therapy, was found to be non-inferior to traditional noninvasive ventilation in treating postoperative respiratory failure. The study compared outcomes between 830 patients who received either high-flow nasal oxygen therapy or bilevel positive airway pressure.
The new guidelines emphasize the importance of early and intensive communication between healthcare teams and families to prevent conflicts. In cases where disputes remain unresolvable, a fair process of dispute resolution involving expert consultants and mediation is recommended.
Kobe University has developed a mercury-free film-type ultraviolet light source for medical applications, which can deliver high-intensity radiation to only the affected area, reducing treatment time and patients' stress. The technology uses plasma excitation similar to plasma televisions and is expected to begin sales in October 2015.
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University has developed a novel computer-aided detection system for acute stroke using computer intelligence technology. The system detects ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes with 90% accuracy, providing timely treatment within the golden hour of stroke onset.
Research published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that long-term depression can increase stroke risk in adults over 50, with risks remaining even after symptoms subside. The study of 16,178 participants showed that those with high depressive symptoms had a higher risk of first-time stroke.
A study led by Plymouth University shows that offenders enrolled in alcohol treatment programmes are significantly less likely to be charged or reconvicted. The programmes reduced reoffending rates by 50%, with cognitive behavioural therapy proving most effective.
A new transgenic nonhuman primate model of Huntington's disease has been developed, showing similarity to humans in progressive neurodegeneration and motor control decline. The study reveals cognitive and motor impairments emerging at 16 months of age, and dystonia and signs of neurodegeneration on brain imaging at 24 months.
A new model systematically evaluates malaria treatment programs in multiple countries, finding no country shows reductions in malaria treatment associated with testing as hypothesized. Contextual factors such as access to care and stockouts largely explain the variation in program experiences.
The UK is launching a Choosing Wisely programme to tackle overdiagnosis and unnecessary care, following a US initiative. The programme aims to promote evidence-based care by identifying tests and procedures with no benefit, and reducing waste in healthcare.
A literature review analyzing the most frequently cited papers on lumbar spine surgery identified key trends and observations, including studies highlighting situations where spinal surgery should not be performed. The top-ranked paper was a classic study showing common spinal abnormalities despite no back pain or symptoms.
A study published in Psychiatry Research found that Iraq and Afghanistan veterans who engaged in non-suicidal self-injury were five times more likely to attempt suicide. The research suggests that NSSI could serve as a marker for identifying veterans at high risk of suicide.
Analysis of seven electronic databases reveals frequent users account for up to one in 12 patients seeking emergency department care, and are around 2.5 times more likely to be admitted or require outpatient treatment. The study suggests that frequent users may benefit from targeted proactive approach.
Researchers developed a combination approach to recover phosphorus from wastewater using mathematical modeling. The method achieved approximately 90% removal of phosphorus, generating $150,000 in annual revenue for WWTPs with limited budgets. This sustainable approach reduces mining demand and improves surface water health.
Researchers at Wayne State University are seeking to understand the genomic information of herpes simplex virus 1 and its interactions with host cells to develop new anti-herpes treatments. The study aims to uncover the functions of infected cell protein 0, which plays a key role in disrupting host defenses.
Researchers have characterized early-stage changes in Alzheimer's-affected cells, revealing that even a small number of affected cells can cause widespread electrical activity disruption. This could lead to the development of new diagnostic methods, including electroencephalogram screening.
A RAND Corporation study found that online training programs can be as effective as in-person instruction in teaching psychotherapists evidence-based treatments. The approach may speed up the adoption of new treatments and improve patient outcomes by providing an efficient and scalable way to train large numbers of clinicians.
A new psychological technique called Motivational Interviewing has been shown to help smokers change their behavior and see tobacco as unpleasant. This technique, which takes just 20 minutes, increases self-efficiency and reduces resistance, allowing smokers to overcome motivation barriers.
The BMJ urges the next Health Secretary to prioritize sustainable funding, collaboration, and transparent governance to secure the NHS's future. The service is stretched close to breaking point due to flat-line funding, aging population demands, and social care cuts.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev are developing a new urban water program, focusing on water-sensitive cities and innovative technologies to deliver water security. The program aims to improve urban climates, reduce carbon footprints and enhance quality of life.
A high-dose treatment of sodium nitrite with citric acid was found to be more effective in clearing up anogenital warts compared to lower doses or a placebo. The study showed a dose-related increase in side effects, but the optimal dose is considered to be the current one.
Researchers at UC Davis have identified the biochemical underpinnings of Canavan disease, a type of leukodystrophy that causes progressive neurological deterioration. By blocking the production of NAA, they aim to find a promising direction for treatment and potentially reverse the process in children with the disease.
A large-scale study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that therapeutic hypothermia did not improve neurological outcomes in pediatric cardiac arrest patients. The study compared two treatment groups: therapeutic hypothermia and active normothermia therapy.