Articles tagged with Fungal Infections
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Researchers have identified Asian landrace accessions with high levels of Fusarium head blight resistance and low mycotoxin production. These findings could help avoid future FHB disasters and improve U.S. wheat varieties' defenses against the disease.
A new study reveals that fungi have the capacity to quickly change their genomes and become infectious to plants and animals, including humans. This discovery raises concerns for crop agriculture and human health, as fungal diseases are more difficult to treat than bacterial diseases.
Researchers identified a gene lta4h involved in TB and leprosy susceptibility, with a role in orchestrating pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. The balanced genotype appears to lead to a balanced inflammatory response, while very strong anti-inflammatory activities may worsen infections.
A new genetic variant has been identified that offers protection against tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy. This discovery opens up potential new targets for drug development, particularly for improving treatment schedules for patients with these diseases.
Researchers have developed five new potato breeding lines resistant to powdery scab and black dot diseases, caused by fungi <i>Spongospora subterranea</i> and <i>Colletotrichum coccodes</i>, respectively. The lines consistently showed fewer disease symptoms than other tested varieties in three years of field trials.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a new gene-expression test that can detect Candida fungal infections in patients. The test measures how a patient's genes respond to the infection and has shown promising results in mice, indicating it could be an early detector of life-threatening candidemia.
Two studies published in Journal of Experimental Medicine reveal that patients with a rare autoimmune disease produce antibodies that bind and disarm cytokines, which fight airborne pathogens. These findings may help explain the recurring nature of these patients' yeast infections.
Bdelloid rotifers have evolved to avoid parasites and pathogens by desiccating and drifting away on the wind. This mechanism allows them to establish new, uninfected populations and evade biotic enemies without sex.
A recent study found that midwife toads living in mountain regions are highly susceptible to a serious fungal infection called chytridiomycosis, which can lead to up to 100% mortality rates. Conservationists may be able to limit the impact of the disease by ensuring tourists do not transfer it between lakes.
Researchers have discovered a new model of fungal growth, known as the 'apical recycling model', which sheds light on how fungi cells shape and grow. This breakthrough has the potential to inform the development of new strategies for preventing and treating fungal diseases in plants and animals.
LA BioMed will receive over $4.5 million in Recovery Act grants to support groundbreaking research on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, heart disease, liver disease, cancer, and a vaccine against Candida infections. The grants will also create jobs and fund vital research.
An international study found that 51% of ICU patients were infected, with lung infections accounting for 64%, and infection rates varied by region and healthcare expenditure
A team of researchers at Worcester Polytechnic Institute has developed a new model system to study fungal infections. The system can be used to identify promising targets for anti-fungal drugs, potentially leading to effective treatments for conditions like thrush and athlete's foot.
Researchers discovered fungal protein TmpL critical for pathogen development, shielding it from oxidative stress while aiding in infection. TmpL-deficient mutants were more sensitive to external oxidative stress, suggesting its role in protecting pathogens from host defense mechanisms.
A new study reveals that pumpkin skin contains a powerful antifungal protein that can inhibit the growth of disease-causing microbes, including Candida albicans. The protein could be developed into a natural medicine to fight yeast infections in humans.
Two genetic mutations, CARD9 and Dectin-1, have been identified as increasing the risk of fungal infections in humans. These findings offer new insights into the genetic basis of fungal diseases and may pave the way for future therapeutic options for patients suffering from chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and other infections.
The study found that mammals are protected from the majority of fungal pathogens due to their elevated body temperature, which is too high for most fungi to survive. This theory could help explain why mammals rose to dominance after the dinosaur extinction event.
Researchers have identified a three-pronged mechanism of the human immune system attacking fungal yeast cells, including recognition of specific cell wall components and glucan targets. Understanding these interactions could lead to effective immunotherapy and new treatments for patients with weakened immunity.
Researchers found that tamoxifen kills yeast cells and prevents them from causing disease by breaking apart and dying fungus cells. The drug has potential as an effective treatment against serious fungal infections, particularly in immune-compromised patients, offering a new arsenal to help critically ill patients.
Dr. Jay Kolls receives $1.8M grant to explore antibody responses against Pneumocystis fungus, aiming to develop a vaccine to prevent or treat PCP. Preliminary studies show that carbohydrate antibodies participate in early clearance and regulate long-term immune responses.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have identified a key regulatory gene network that plays a crucial role in the spread of common and deadly yeast infections. The study reveals how the Zap1 protein regulates biofilm matrix production, which helps pathogens thrive and resist treatment.
Scientists have identified a method to predict which HIV-positive individuals are most susceptible to deadly fungal meningitis. The study found that people with low levels of IgM memory B cells are more likely to develop the disease, suggesting a genetic predisposition.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have identified a novel regulatory gene network that plays a crucial role in the spread of invasive yeast infections. The study reveals that Zap1 protein regulates the production of biofilm matrix, promoting infection and drug resistance.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have identified a critical role of interleukin-1β in protecting against oral colonization by Candida albicans. The study found that IL-1β is secreted by human immune cells in response to Candida infection and helps modulate the immune system, providing new avenues for therapeutic targets.
A 4000-year-old skeleton from India reveals the earliest archaeological evidence of human infection with Mycobacterium leprae, shedding light on prehistoric transmission routes and challenges popular misconceptions about the disease. The findings support a hypothesis that leprosy spread between Africa and Asia during urbanization periods.
Researchers discovered that a pathogenic yeast species can complete a full sexual cycle despite lacking key reproductive genes. This phenomenon may play a role in the evolution of drug resistance and provides insights into chromosomal abnormalities.
LXRs play a protective role against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by boosting Th1 and Th17 immune responses. Treatment with LXR activators provides substantial protection from infections.
Researchers found that entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is virulent against Triatoma infestans, the primary vector of Chagas disease. The fungus successfully killed over 50% of infected bugs in field assays, reducing bug populations and estimated parasite transmission risk.
A team of Penn State entomologists is searching for an insect disease that will infect mosquitoes and impair their sense of smell. By doing so, they hope to reduce the ability of infected mosquitoes to find human hosts and transmit malaria.
A new apple cultivar called WineCrisp has been introduced after 25 years of research, offering a highly productive late-season red apple with a firm texture and dark red color. The fruit is resistant to fungal disease apple scab, reducing costs for growers and promoting environmental sustainability.
A study of 181 women found that increased sexual activity, recent alcohol consumption, and using sanitary napkins during menstruation were associated with an increased risk of developing their first urinary tract infection (UTI). Medical attention is crucial as UTIs can lead to kidney infections and sepsis.
The publication, supported by Eurofungbase and DSM, offers valuable insights into the genomes of Aspergillus species for fungal biologists and medical researchers worldwide. The large-scale annotation projects provide a resource for understanding these organisms and their applications in health, environment, and food.
A new test for invasive aspergillosis (IA) has been developed to detect the deadly fungal infection in patients with damaged or suppressed immune systems. The test uses a monoclonal antibody that binds to a glycoprotein antigen secreted by Aspergillus species, distinguishing it from similar molecules found in antibiotics and foodstuffs.
Researchers developed new 'paldoxins' that block fungal enzymes, boosting plants' natural defenses and overcoming fungal attacks. These environmentally friendly fungicides could protect crops like corn, wheat, and soybeans from disease-causing fungi.
The study confirms voriconazole's effectiveness in combating a wide range of fungal infections, including those caused by Candida species. It is also noted that voriconazole exhibits higher potency and spectrum activity compared to itraconazole against yeast species.
Biologists have discovered a sexual cycle in the deadly fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, revealing its ability to adapt to new environments and evade antifungal drugs. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for patients infected with the fungus, which causes severe asthma and immune deficiency-related deaths.
A previously undescribed fungus has been linked to the deaths of over 100,000 hibernating bats in the northeastern United States. The fungus, commonly found on bat skin and wings, is believed to be a major contributor to the decline of North American bat populations.
A team at Duke University Medical Center has identified microsporidia as a sexually reproducing fungus that causes chronic diarrhea in AIDS patients and other host animals. The findings could help develop effective treatments against these common global pathogens.
A novel topical therapy, NB-002, has demonstrated a unique approach to healing nail fungus by penetrating skin pores and diffusing through the skin surrounding the entire nail plate. The lotion has shown robust antifungal activity against all organisms causing nail fungus, including Trichophyton rubrum and Candida albicans.
A study by Imperial College London found that captive breeding of a rare species of toad introduced the deadly chytrid fungus to wild populations in Mallorca, highlighting the risks of reintroduction programs and the need for biosecure facilities. Despite the infection, some infected populations appear to be thriving.
Scientists discovered that Cryptococcus yeast cells hide inside macrophages and use them as vehicles to travel through the body before attacking and spreading. This new escape mechanism allows the yeast cells to evade antifungal drugs and the immune system, making fatal infections harder to treat.
Research suggests that sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) can increase the risk of contracting HIV by activating Langerhans cells in the skin and vagina. This activation allows the virus to spread more easily, highlighting the potential for anti-inflammatory treatments to prevent HIV transmission.
Researchers at A*STAR's IMCB have identified peptidoglycan as a factor that causes Candida albicans to become infectious. The discovery may lead to the development of novel treatments for immunocompromised patients infected by the fungus.
Researchers have discovered a genetic variation in the plasminogen gene that affects susceptibility to invasive Aspergillus fumigatus infections. Genetic testing may help identify high-risk individuals and inform pre- and post-transplant care.
The Burroughs Wellcome Fund has awarded $7 million to 14 researchers studying infectious diseases. The award aims to encourage multidisciplinary approaches to understanding host-pathogen interactions.
Scientists have developed a new way to estimate the total number of protein interactions in organisms, revealing that humans have approximately 10 times more protein interactions than fruit flies. This study contradicts previous comparisons based on gene numbers, which suggested that humans and fruit flies are relatively similar.
Researchers found a small protein secreted by some fungal strains can suppress tomato disease resistance genes, but a third gene targets this protein, rendering the plant fully immune. The study provides a new strategy for durable disease control based on resistance gene combinations.
A team of researchers has identified a molecular switch controlling multidrug resistance in fungi, which could lead to novel therapies for resistant fungal infections. The discovery was made using genetic, biochemical, and molecular approaches, and found to be similar to the regulatory switches controlling drug detoxification in humans.
Researchers awarded $2.4 million NEI grant to study corneal infection (keratitis) caused by disease-causing fungi on contact lenses and in the environment. The team will focus on Fusarium solani, a fungus that causes eye infections in warm, humid areas.
Job's syndrome sufferers lack Th17 cells, a type of infection-fighting white blood cell, leading to recurrent and severe infections. The study reveals the importance of Th17 cells in protecting against Staphylococcus bacteria and certain fungal infections.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered a gene that guards all grass species against a devastating fungus, which can destroy crops vital for human food supplies. The naturally occurring disease resistance has allowed grasses to thrive for 60 million years.
A systematic review of over 5,500 patients found that both single-drug antifungal prophylaxis (SAP) and selective digestive tract decontamination (SDD) reduce yeast-related morbidity and mortality. SDD was more effective in reducing yeast colonization and infection, while SAP responded best to candidemia.
Researchers have discovered how Candida albicans transforms from its benign form to an infectious, life-threatening state. The fungus changes shape and activates cellular machineries through specific proteins, revealing new therapeutic targets.
A new topical lotion has shown high degree of safety and tolerability in treating toenail fungus. The treatment avoids systemic absorption, reducing risks of cardiac and liver toxicity associated with current oral medications.
Researchers have identified the specific gene implicated in Job's syndrome, a rare immunodeficiency disorder characterized by harmful bacterial and fungal infections. The discovery could benefit treatment for other immunodeficiency diseases and provide new leads for therapies.
Gene deletion study shows Candida parapsilosis growth and virulence reduced without lipase activity, suggesting enzyme's key role in pathogenicity for immunocompromised individuals and premature infants
Most women who think they have a vaginal yeast infection actually don't, according to Saint Louis University researcher Susan Hoffstetter. Women are often misdiagnosed and treat themselves with anti-fungal medicine, worsening symptoms.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham discovered that Aspergillus nidulans fungi can reproduce sexually without a partner. This 'DIY reproduction' allows individuals to produce new offspring by activating internal sexual machinery, bypassing traditional mating.
The University of Florida is leading a $9 million NIH-funded research project to better understand the life-threatening Aspergillus fungus, which affects cancer patients and transplant recipients. The repository will support research on developing accurate tests for detection, with goals to improve diagnostic accuracy and speed.
Researchers discovered that neutrophils recognize and respond to a specific form of sugar called beta-1,6-glucan on the surface of fungi, which elicits a stronger reaction than another sugar with similar chemical properties. This unique sugar may help stimulate the immune system and combat deadly pathogens.