Articles tagged with Lung Cancer
Researchers developed a risk calculator using persistent homology scores from CT scans, which is the strongest predictor of overall survival among standard clinical measures. The calculator has the potential to guide clinicians in choosing treatment options and transform the way outcomes are predicted.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have identified disparities in end-of-life immunotherapy treatment, highlighting the need for further examination to ensure quality care. A new study also reveals a novel target to improve immunotherapy responses in KRAS-mutant lung cancer and strategies to manage immune-related toxicities.
A new study from the Van Andel Research Institute reveals that loss of two key 'protector' proteins, TET and RYBP, transforms healthy lung cells into cancerous ones through epigenetic changes. The research found that deficiency of these proteins leads to widespread aberrant methylation and malignant transformation.
The study found a decreasing trend in the global TBL cancer burden from 1990 to 2019, but regional variations persisted. The burden was highest in upper-middle-income countries and lowest in high-income countries.
The study found that lung cancer screening rates among eligible adults in Maine, Michigan, New Jersey, and Rhode Island increased in 2021 compared to 2019. Consistent with prior studies, the likelihood of lung cancer screening was higher among individuals with a primary health professional
A recent study reveals lower lung cancer screening rates among Black veterans, underscoring the need for further research into barriers to screening and evidence-based interventions. The findings suggest that demographics alone do not fully explain these disparities.
Researchers found adagrasib effective in suppressing cancer growth in both lungs and brain metastases, with a 90% intracranial disease control rate and 42% objective response rate. The median intracranial progression-free survival was 5.4 months, while the median overall survival reached 11.4 months.
The June issue of CHEST features 49 articles on clinically relevant topics, including asthma, COPD, and critical care. The journal offers web and multimedia resources to expand the reach of its research.
Researchers found a link between short telomeres in ATII cells and lung fibrosis in post-COVID-19 patients. The study revealed loss of ATII cellularity and shorter telomeres concomitant with increased fibrotic lung parenchyma remodeling.
A new study published in JNCCN found that taking alectinib, a medication for advanced lung cancer, with a full breakfast or lunch resulted in higher drug concentrations than with a low-fat breakfast. This could impact treatment efficacy and survival rates for patients.
A new study found that obesity is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers, with stronger links in female patients for gallbladder and endometrial cancer. The study also revealed differential effects between sexes on colorectal, esophageal, and liver cancer.
A new study found significant reductions in breast, colorectal and prostate cancers as well as melanoma diagnoses in Alberta during the COVID-19 pandemic. Diagnoses dropped by 43% for melanoma, 36% for colorectal and prostate, and 33% for breast cancer during the 'state of emergency' phase.
The study, published in JAMA Oncology, found that the percentage of cancer survivors reporting functional limitations has more than doubled over the past 20 years. The adjusted prevalence of functional limitation was highest among pancreatic and lung cancer survivors, while melanoma survivors had the lowest rate.
A Yale-led study found that osimertinib significantly improved rates of survival and reduced risk of recurrence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer after surgery. The trial showed a 51% reduction in mortality risk, with 88% of patients surviving at least five years.
A new observational study published in BMJ Open found that long Covid can have a devastating effect on daily lives, with fatigue impacting social activities, work, and relationships. The study's findings suggest that long Covid can leave people with worse fatigue and quality of life than some cancers.
A retrospective study found a 24% response rate to Docetaxel among patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer who experienced progression on immunotherapy. The median progression-free survival was 3 months, suggesting chemotherapy may still play an important role in treatment after immunotherapy failure.
A study published in JAMA Oncology suggests that stopping immunotherapy after two years for patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer who remain responsive may be a reasonable strategy, providing sustained clinical benefit. The findings provide reassurance for patients and their healthcare providers.
A retrospective cohort study suggests that stopping immunotherapy treatment at two years is a valid strategy without compromising overall survival. The researchers analyzed data from 1,091 patients and found similar overall survival probabilities between those who stopped treatment and continued it indefinitely.
Researchers at UCLA Health highlight the impact of test results on lung cancer screening adherence and the potential unnecessary use of axillary ultrasound in breast cancer diagnostics. Meanwhile, a new AI system helps check endotracheal tube placement with high accuracy and user satisfaction.
Researchers have studied targeting telomeres as a potential therapeutic strategy for non-small cell lung cancer. Telomere dysfunction and telomerase deficiency slowed tumor progression, increasing vulnerability to DNA damage and immune system response.
A study by University of Technology Sydney found that plants can remove 97% of toxic compounds, including cancer-causing pollutants, from indoor air in just eight hours. This breakthrough discovery highlights the critical role played by indoor plants and green walls in improving air quality.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons predicts a significant increase in cancer cases due to COVID-19 screening delays, with lung, breast, and colorectal cancers most affected. The study found that missed diagnoses during the pandemic may lead to delays in treatment and upstaging of disease.
A study found that over half of English NSCLC patients living in low-socio-economic areas did not receive new anti-cancer therapies, despite having access to free treatment through the National Health Service. The researchers examined data from 90,785 patients diagnosed between 2012 and 2017.
Researchers from China explore the mechanisms of action and clinical data of bispecific antibodies, which have shown promise in increasing cytotoxicity against cancerous cells and enhancing immune response towards tumor clearance. Several bsAbs are being evaluated in phase I-III clinical trials for lung cancer treatment.
Researchers discovered that air pollution particles trigger autophagy, a cellular defense process, which has an upper threshold and may reduce its effectiveness against other threats. This finding provides new insights into the link between air pollution and lung disease.
The May issue of the CHEST journal features cutting-edge research on pulmonary, critical care, and sleep medicine. The journal also highlights awareness for cystic fibrosis, a once-fatal childhood condition now affecting adults.
Researchers at USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified a biomarker, CX3CR1, that can predict which patients with non-small cell lung cancer will respond well to chemoimmunotherapy. Elevated levels of the biomarker in T-cells after six to nine weeks of treatment indicate long-term benefits from the combination therapy.
Scientists have identified a specific gene mutation that triggers an inflammatory cascade, driving the development of treatment-resistant cancers. The study reveals a molecular circuitry by which mutations in the STK11 gene cause inflammation to spiral out of control.
Researchers developed a predictive model to identify tumor biomarkers of cachexia in lung cancer patients. The study used machine learning to build a muscle loss prediction model based on muscularity, clinical data, and the transcriptional profile from the tumor microenvironment.
Overweight and obesity in early adulthood are associated with increased risks of colorectal cancer and non-colorectal gastrointestinal cancers. The study highlights the need for further exploration into the mechanisms driving these associations.
A new study reveals a shared molecular response to nanoparticles, linking immune activation and particulate matter exposure. The findings propose a solution to the 'one-chemical-one-signature' problem in chemical safety assessment.
A new study by Brown researchers found that 33.8% of patients with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening had significant incidental findings, many of which were clinically important. The study suggests that standardizing reporting of these findings could improve patient care and reduce unnecessary medical interventions.
Researchers have developed a new immunotherapy targeting tumour macrophages, which are immunosuppressive cells that weaken the immune system. The treatment, RImAb, reduces tumour growth and modifies the tumour microenvironment, offering potential for a new line of treatment for lung cancer patients.
A recent clinical trial showed that cemiplimab plus platinum chemotherapy can prolong survival in patients with advanced lung cancer, improving their quality of life. The treatment also reduced symptoms such as pain and cough, and delayed clinically meaningful deterioration.
A new study found that quitting smoking before a lung cancer diagnosis is associated with higher survival rates. Former smokers who stopped smoking years before their diagnosis had significantly longer survival than current and former smokers diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer.
Quitting smoking early after a lung cancer diagnosis was associated with lower mortality rates. Detailed smoking history collection can improve lung cancer prognosis and treatment selection. The study's findings suggest that smoking cessation timing may impact overall survival, particularly at different clinical stages.
Researchers found that spinal cord stimulation reduced pain response in rats with human lung cancer tissue without compromising paclitaxel effectiveness. The study also showed SCS improved antitumor efficacy of paclitaxel, providing evidence for its potential as a companion treatment.
The guideline provides guidance on definitive local therapy options for non-small cell lung cancer with limited extracranial metastases. It emphasizes the need for a patient-centered, multidisciplinary approach to treatment decisions.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have discovered a new therapeutic approach to treating non-small-cell lung cancer by inhibiting immune system molecule TREM2 and enhancing natural killer cells. The strategy, which involves blocking TREM2 activity using an antibody, has been shown to significantly reduce lung tumor growth in mice.
Researchers found that smokers' lungs have a different inflammatory environment, leading to a specific subset of T cells that evade the body's immune response. This knowledge could lead to new treatments tailored to patients based on their smoking history.
The National Cancer Centre Singapore has strengthened its position as a leader in shaping local and international clinical trials targeted at improving outcomes for Asian cancers. A pivotal phase III trial co-chaired by a NCCS clinician scientist delivered positive results, increasing recurrence-free survival of patients with hepatocel...
Researchers discuss rapamycin's potential to delay cancer onset by slowing cell proliferation and tumor progression. The mTOR pathway is involved in both cancer and aging, making rapamycin a promising chemopreventive agent.
Researchers found that remnants of ancient retroviruses in the human genome can be targeted by antibodies to improve lung cancer treatment. The study suggests that boosting antibody responses could help predict patient response to immunotherapy and lead to improved outcomes.
Tumors with low PD-L1 levels use genetic strategies like MYC activation to avoid immune attack, but this can be predicted by monitoring for MYC status. The study's findings could lead to new clinical trials assessing MYC status as a marker for selecting patients for immunotherapy.
The S2302 Pragmatica-Lung trial is designed to be inclusive and easy to conduct, with few limits on eligibility. The study aims to answer whether a combination of ramucirumab and pembrolizumab helps patients with stage 4 non-small cell lung cancer live longer than usual treatments.
A team of scientists from City University of Hong Kong and HKUST discovered novel, tridimensional compounds with high anticancer activity and low toxicity. These compounds can overcome drug resistance in cancer cells by inducing a different cell death pathway.
Enoblituzumab, a monoclonal antibody, is safe in men with aggressive prostate cancer and may induce clinical activity against cancer throughout the body. The drug targets B7-H3 protein overexpressed on prostate cancer cells, blocking immune system inhibition and triggering tumor cell destruction by activating immune cells.
The LSU Health New Orleans Louisiana Tumor Registry released the sixth report of statewide cancer incidence rates by census tract, finding that 81% of tracts met criteria for all cancers combined. Census tracts with statistically higher incidence rates were found in parishes including Orleans, Lafourche, and St. Bernard.
Researchers found that neutrophils can be pro- or anti-tumour depending on their surface markers, and those fighting tumours share cytotoxic power with neutrophils in bacterial infections. Blocking these anti-tumour neutrophils eliminates treatment benefits.
The study found that downregulation of angulin-1/LSR leads to increased claudin-2 expression and altered cell metabolism in human lung adenocarcinoma cells, promoting malignancy. Researchers identified AG1478 and EW-7197 as potential therapeutic agents.
Seer researchers identified four structurally distinct protein isoforms that were differentially expressed in non-small cell lung cancer patients. These findings suggest that these protein isoforms may play a role in NSCLC disease pathogenesis, potentially leading to the development of new diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets.
A proactive patient education/recruitment program, administered with a nurse navigator, identified 37.3% more eligible patients for low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screenings for lung cancer. The program led to a 42% increase in LDCT prescriptions among willing and eligible patients.
Researchers developed a 3D cell culture system to test fibroblast inhibitors with anti-cancer drugs. Combining nintedanib with cisplatin increased the latter's efficacy in suppressing cancer growth and invasion. The study provides a promising tool for preclinical drug testing.
Researchers found significant decreases in the levels of KRAS, RHOA, RAC1, and CDC42 after PCAI treatment, implicating their role in cancer progression and metastasis. These findings support the potential of PCAIs as potent agents for developing new anticancer therapeutics.
Cancer cells have been found to employ a strategy to evade the immune system's killer T cells by interacting with myeloid cells and suppressing type 1 interferon production. This natural pathway is crucial for recruiting killer T cells to combat cancer spread. Researchers hope to develop new therapeutic approaches, such as forcing tumo...
Researchers found that select patients with early-stage disease who undergo a less invasive procedure have comparable outcomes to traditional lobectomy. The study adds evidence supporting the preservation of functional lung tissue in cancer patients whenever possible.
Researchers at the Salk Institute discovered that combining two therapeutic drugs, entinostat and trametinib, can significantly reduce tumor volume and number in mice with LKB1-mutated non-small cell lung cancer. The findings could lead to clinical trials in humans and potentially transform treatment for cancers beyond NSCLC.
Researchers studied how tumors adapt to Sotorasib and found that gene amplification and transcriptional programs lead to resistance. This knowledge can help develop targeted treatments for patients with KRAS mutations, potentially increasing survival rates.
A Phase II trial led by researchers from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center demonstrated that adding ipilimumab to a neoadjuvant combination of nivolumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy resulted in a major pathologic response in half of all treated patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. The treatment also...
A study of US newspaper articles found that lung cancer screening was generally positively covered between 2010 and 2022. However, crucial aspects such as enrollment criteria and cost issues were frequently omitted, highlighting a need for radiologists to take an active role in media coverage.