Articles tagged with Lung Cancer
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The February issue of the CHEST journal features 37 articles exploring various topics in chest medicine, including asthma, COPD, and pulmonary vascular disease. The journal also highlights its equity topic collection, focusing on conditions that affect women, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension and sarcoidosis.
A phase 3 clinical trial of nearly 700 patients with early-stage lung cancer found that sublobar resection surgery, removing part of the affected lobe, was as effective as traditional lobectomy in terms of disease-free and overall survival. Patients who underwent sublobar resection also showed modestly better lung function.
Researchers found that AI significantly improved the detection of lung nodules on chest X-rays, detecting actionable nodules at a rate of 0.59% compared to 0.25% without AI assistance. The study suggests that AI may work consistently across different populations.
A systematic review found that higher vitamin D intake was associated with a 15% decreased likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes in adults with prediabetes. Inexpensive vitamin D supplementation could delay the development of diabetes in over 10 million people worldwide.
Cancer screening rates for breast and lung cancers persisted despite initial pandemic surges, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. The study found that successful strategies to improve screening rates must address pandemic-related barriers.
A new study reveals that the immune system mounts a weak response to lung cancer due to an environment created by bacteria in the lymph nodes near the lungs. T-cell responses are suppressed by regulatory T cells and interferon gamma produced in response to commensal bacterial presence.
A team of experts discovered a recruitment mechanism for cancer-associated fibroblasts in lung adenocarcinoma, the most frequent type of lung cancer. This finding could lead to the development of new treatments targeting these cells' migratory advantage, which contributes to tumor progression and metastasis.
A research team led by Professor Kwang-Hyun Cho at KAIST has developed a fundamental technology to revert metastatic lung cancer cells to a non-metastatic state. This breakthrough could lead to the elimination of drug resistance and metastatic potential in cancer cells, while increasing their responsiveness to chemotherapy.
A study found that nearly half of Medicare patients with non-small cell lung cancer do not receive the recommended FDG PET/CT imaging prior to radiation therapy, leading to decreased overall and cancer-specific survival rates. This lack of adherence is linked to greater mortality rates.
Researchers found poor adherence to surgical quality metrics in lung cancer patients, with only 40% receiving minimally invasive surgery and one-third receiving adequate lymph node sampling. Adherence to guidelines was associated with improved overall survival rates.
The January issue of the CHEST journal features a range of clinically relevant research on COPD, bronchiectasis, and pulmonary vascular disease. The journal's education portal offers continuing medical education (CME) credit for select articles.
A new biopsy procedure is developed with a multispectral confocal endomicroscope to aid in lung tissue imaging. The system allows for simultaneous imaging of multiple fluorescent dyes, enabling unique identification and spectral unmixing.
Researchers at Australian National University and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre found that targeting the Menin protein can reactivate dormant genes, making cancer cells visible to the immune system. This discovery could lead to more effective treatments for lymphoma and lung cancer by combining Menin inhibitors with existing therapies.
A new AI tool called Sybil has been developed to predict the risk of lung cancer for individuals with or without a significant smoking history. It uses deep-learning models to analyze low-dose chest computed tomography (LDCT) scans and provides accurate predictions for up to six years.
Ringlike peripheral high iodine concentration maps from dual-energy CT can help guide management in patients with known lung cancer and an indeterminate solitary nodule. This finding showed excellent interobserver agreement, high specificity, and independently predicted pulmonary metastasis.
Researchers found that a protein called XBP1s enhances tumor survival by suppressing the anti-cancer activity of neighboring immune cells. This discovery could lead to new treatments that overcome this tumor defense mechanism and improve outcomes for lung cancer patients.
Researchers developed predictive models using serum microRNAs to identify patients at risk of requiring early palliative care. The study used serum samples from 178 patients with various types of cancer and found that miRNA-based models had higher accuracy than clinical models in predicting referral to a palliative care unit.
Researchers from Okayama University found that Actinidia arguta (Sarunashi) juice and its component isoquercetin inhibit lung cancer development in mice, accelerating DNA repair and suppressing Akt-mediated growth signaling. The study suggests Sarunashi juice as an attractive candidate for chemoprevention.
A new AI tool developed by Brigham and Women's Hospital improves the accuracy of time-critical pathology diagnostics during surgery. The tool, which leverages deep-learning technology, translates frozen tissue samples into high-quality images, increasing diagnostic accuracy and reducing the need for lengthy laboratory tests.
Researchers at Columbia University School of Engineering and Applied Science have developed a preclinical evaluation pipeline for characterization of bacterial therapies in lung cancer models. They combined bacterial therapies with other modalities of treatment to improve treatment efficacy without any additional toxicity.
Researchers investigate how lung cancers evade the immune system to develop more effective immunotherapy treatments. The study aims to uncover a new way lung cancers disguise themselves from the immune system, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
A study from the University of Colorado Cancer Center highlights the need for more data on pregnancy and targeted therapy in women with oncogene-driven lung cancer. The authors share their experience with pregnancies and surrogacy, emphasizing the importance of informed decision-making.
Researchers found that muscle wasting severity is related to the type, size and location of tumors in mice, with different tumors causing varying levels of wasting. The study's findings have crucial implications for understanding how different cancers affect muscle mass and developing effective treatments.
Researchers developed a new method to detect lung cancer using machine learning and statistical techniques, identifying 7 specific volatile organic compounds in breath samples. This breakthrough could lead to earlier diagnosis and improved treatment outcomes for patients.
Researchers at University of Chicago Medical Center have identified biomarker predicting response to combined RT and ICB treatment in mNSCLC. High tumor aneuploidy associated with improved survival when RT is added to ICB, while low aneuploidy shows no survival benefit.
A new study found that less frequent CT scans may reduce health-care costs and patient anxiety without compromising patient outcomes. The researchers analyzed medical records of over 6,000 patients with stage 1 non-small cell lung cancer who underwent surgery between 2006 and 2016.
A large-scale international study found that patients diagnosed with lung cancer at an early stage via CT screening have a 20-year survival rate of 80 percent. This is compared to the average five-year survival rate for all lung cancer patients, which is 18.6 percent.
A large-scale study found that low-dose CT screening increases the long-term survival rate of lung cancer patients by identifying early-stage cancers. The 20-year survival rate for participants diagnosed with early-stage lung cancer was 80%, with higher rates for those with solid nodules and clinical Stage IA lung cancers.
Researchers have developed a quantitative imaging platform that can predict patient response to immunotherapy by analyzing the interaction between immune cells and tumors. This approach is more accurate than relying solely on biomarker levels, offering new hope for personalized cancer treatment.
A new AI-powered blood test, DELFI, has been developed to detect liver cancer with high accuracy. The test detected over 80% of liver cancers in a study of 724 individuals, with an overall sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 98%.
The ESMO Asia Congress 2022 will focus on the latest scientific and clinical advances in oncology, with a special emphasis on the Asia-Pacific region. Media representatives can register for coverage through the official media registration form.
A study aims to use e-visits to bridge the gap in smoking cessation services for rural smokers. Primary care providers are overwhelmed, but e-visits could provide an efficient solution.
Researchers from the University of Ottawa found an association between marijuana smoking and chronic damage to airways, including higher rates of paraseptal emphysema and airway inflammatory changes. The study suggests that marijuana smoking may lead to additional lung damage beyond what is seen in tobacco smokers.
A study of 11,945 people found that those with type 2 diabetes are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced cancer if the condition is not screened for routinely. Researchers identified a 26% increased risk of metastasis in patients with pre-existing type 2 diabetes.
Researchers found that a new drug inhibiting GRP78 effectively reduces SARS-CoV-2 replication in human lung cells. The drug also shows potential in treating certain types of cancer by suppressing mutant KRAS proteins.
A retrospective study found that tumor hyaluronan levels are associated with improved time to progression in non-small cell lung cancer patients. HA-high tumors showed a trend towards improved clinical benefit, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Researchers identified a key protein called TLR2 that predicts patient survival in lung cancer, which also activates as a tumor suppressor response in non-small cell lung cancer. A drug compound that activates TLR2 reduced tumour growth in mice and shows promise for earlier detection and improved patient outcomes.
Dual-energy CT (DECT) metrics provide insight into physiologic changes after lung cancer surgery, beyond PFTs and conventional CT. Lung perfusion ratio increases were greater after lobectomy than limited resection.
The TRIDENT-1 trial suggests that repotrectinib could be effective for treating ROS1 positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients who have received other targeted treatments and those who have not. The drug showed promising results, with an objective response rate of 79% in patients not previously treated with a ROS TKI.
In the ARROS-1 trial, 48% of patients achieved partial responses to NVL-520, with responses seen across all dose levels and in heavily pre-treated patients. The treatment also showed promise for brain metastases, with three out of three patients experiencing measurable response or no emergence of new metastases.
A Phase Ib clinical trial found that sequential administration of PARP inhibitor olaparib and WEE1 inhibitor adavosertib is safe and well-tolerated, with promising signs of anti-tumor activity in patients with advanced cancers driven by DNA damage response mutations. The combination showed durable responses in patients with resistant c...
Researchers have found a drug that targets the key, cancer-causing gene MYC has been able to inhibit its function safely and effectively. Eight out of 12 patients showed stabilisation of disease after treatment with OMO-103, with one patient experiencing a reduction in tumour-derived DNA circulating in the blood stream.
Researchers discovered a molecular link between disrupted circadian rhythms and lung tumor growth, implicating a cancer-signature gene known as HSF1. Disrupted clocks may trigger lung tumors in individuals with irregular sleep patterns or night shifts.
The October issue of CHEST journal showcases 43 clinically relevant articles on topics such as asthma, COPD, critical care, and sleep medicine. The journal also offers web and multimedia activities, including visual abstracts, to expand its reach.
The American College of Physicians recommends increasing funding for health services and prioritizing health promotion in Indigenous communities. Community-driven public policy is also necessary to address historical trauma, social determinants of health, and inadequate access to healthcare services.
Coskun's team has developed SpatialVizScore, a new method that visualizes tumor immunology in cancer tissues to identify patients more likely to respond to immunotherapy. The system looks at the interactions of multiple immune cells, including macrophages with subtypes M1 and M2.
Researchers at the University of Bern identified new targets for drug development in non-small cell lung cancer, a largely incurable type of cancer. The study focused on long noncoding RNAs, which were found to play a crucial role in NSCLC cell division and tumor growth.
A study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology suggests that expanding low-dose CT screening eligibility criteria can increase access to screening for women and Black persons. The research found that widening eligibility guidelines reduced smoking exposure criteria increased lung cancer diagnoses among these groups.
Researchers at Scripps Research have discovered that chronic circadian disruption can increase lung cancer growth in animal models by activating the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) pathway. This finding suggests a molecular link between disrupted sleep patterns, temperature changes, and tumor formation.
A new study of over half a million people with type 2 diabetes found that smoking and low physical activity significantly increase the risk of premature death. Individuals with type 2 diabetes who develop cancer are more likely to die in seven years if they are smokers or physically inactive.
The September issue of CHEST journal features 40 articles on clinically relevant topics, including disparities in rural populations with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The journal also offers complementary web and multimedia activities to expand its reach.
A new study provides valuable insights into the roles of B cells and plasma cells in early-stage lung cancer biology, highlighting their influence on tumor development and treatment outcomes. The research also reveals environmental factors and molecular features that contribute to the landscape of infiltrating immune cells.
A new study led by Ohio State University researchers found that atezolizumab is a safe and effective treatment option for stage IB-IIIB non-small cell lung cancer patients prior to surgery, with survival rates reaching 80% at three years post-treatment. The study also identified new blood markers that can help predict treatment response.
In a Phase I/II trial, selpercatinib demonstrated a 44% objective response rate across multiple tumor types, including pancreatic and colorectal cancers. The study found responses regardless of cancer type or prior treatment history, confirming RET fusions as a tissue-agnostic target.
A recent study by Hee-Soon Juon PhD found that the obesity paradox in lung cancer diagnosis does not hold true for African Americans. While obesity is associated with lower rates of lung cancer diagnosis in the general population, this relationship was not statistically significant among African Americans.
Long-term opioid use after lung cancer surgery is associated with a 40% heightened death risk within two years, according to research. The study found that male sex, older age, and chemotherapy treatment are among the factors linked to long-term opioid use.
Scientists have discovered a link between air pollution and lung cancer in people who have never smoked. Exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) has been shown to promote cancerous changes in airway cells with EGFR and KRAS gene mutations, driving them towards a cancer stem cell-like state.
Late-breaking results at ESMO Congress 2022 reveal a strong association between air pollution and non-small cell lung cancer, with exposure to particulate matter linked to increased risk. The research underscores the need for environmental sustainability in oncology, particularly in cancer prevention and early detection.
A multicenter cohort study found that lung cancer screening increased the percentage of Stage I cases detected by 8.4% and reduced the percentage of Stage IV cases by 6.6%. The study suggests that implementation of screening achieves the desired effect of identifying early-stage lung cancers without resulting in overdiagnosis.
A newly identified link between chronic pain and lung cancer in mice suggests that old drugs such as clonidine, capsaicin, and fluphenazine may offer new treatments for chronic pain. The study found that blocking the BH4 pathway reduced pain sensitivity and decreased tumor growth in mouse models of KRAS-driven lung cancer.