Articles tagged with Metastasis
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have discovered how to overcome resistance to conventional immunotherapies in metastatic uveal melanoma. They developed a clinical tool called Uveal Melanoma Immunogenic Score (UMIS) to predict patient response and improve treatment outcomes.
Researchers have discovered how softer tumor environments prime cancer cells to better survive metastasis. The study found that soft environments alter the cancer cells' preference for 'fuel', equipping them with a more resilient energy pathway.
A biologic drug-device combination therapy has shown promising results in treating metastatic prostate cancer, with 60% of patients experiencing an objective response. The treatment, SYNC-T, uses a cold-temperature probe to kill tumor cells and release immune-stimulating neoantigens, leading to a high response rate without severe toxic...
Recent trials have shown that testing for tumour DNA in the blood can identify advanced bladder cancer patients who are less likely to relapse after surgery, allowing doctors to target treatments more effectively.
A large trial enrolling nearly 2,800 patients from five countries has clarified the situation for patients with larger metastases. The study found that leaving most of the lymph nodes intact resulted in similar recurrence rates as completion axillary dissection, but with fewer arm-related complications.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University developed a novel therapeutic strategy using existing medications to inhibit bone metastasis in breast cancer patients. The combination of drugs improved survival rates and reduced bone metastases in animal models and human tissue samples.
A randomized controlled trial found that exercise programmes reduced fatigue and improved quality of life for patients with metastatic breast cancer. The study showed the greatest benefit among younger patients, but also suggested that supervised exercise can be beneficial for all patients with advanced disease.
Researchers mapped the evolution of urinary tract cancer cells using single-cell resolution, revealing stable molecular characteristics despite metastasis. The study provides new avenues for personalized treatment strategies and targeted therapies.
A combination of short-course hormonal therapy and stereotactic body radiation therapy has been shown to be safe and effective in treating metastatic prostate cancer. In a preliminary study, 50% of patients remained recurrence-free six months after treatment, with less than a quarter experiencing severe side effects.
Research by Johns Hopkins Medicine suggests that increased stiffness in aging skin contributes to higher rates of melanoma metastasis by stimulating blood vessel growth and making them leaky. Treating older mice with drugs blocking ICAM1 prevented these changes, shrinking tumors and reducing metastasis.
A new study uses AI to predict whether early-stage lung cancer will spread to the brain, allowing for more targeted and effective treatment. The algorithm achieved an accuracy rate of 87%, outperforming human pathologists in some cases.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati Cancer Center have identified a new protein called p47 that helps prevent breast cancer metastasis. The study found that lower p47 expression was correlated with higher breast cancer metastasis, and that increasing p47 function could potentially lead to new therapies.
New research reveals that radioguided surgery can effectively detect and remove metastatic pelvic lymph nodes in newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients. The procedure targets the prostate-specific membrane antigen, improving nodal staging to guide treatment recommendations.
Researchers investigated combining Sacituzumab govitecan with platinum-based chemotherapeutics for triple-negative breast cancer, urinary bladder carcinoma, and small-cell lung carcinoma. The study showed additive to synergistic antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo, with improved outcomes in tumor-bearing animals.
Researchers highlight difficulties in targeting metastatic tumors and propose two- and three-drug combinations to achieve effective tumor control. They also emphasize the need for simultaneous blocking of primary driving oncogene, evolving resistance mechanism, and secondary survival pathway.
A four-drug chemotherapy regimen, NALIRIFOX, has been approved by the FDA for frontline treatment of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The regimen, combining irinotecan liposome, oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and fluorouracil, resulted in longer overall survival compared to a two-drug protocol.
Researchers discovered that blocking efferocytosis pathway prevents immunosuppressive activity in macrophages, restoring T cell activation and reducing metastatic tumour burden. The study found PDAC metastases to show high levels of immunosuppressive macrophages, promoting tumour growth.
USC researchers have designed nanoparticles that can target and highlight cancer cells in lymph nodes, allowing for earlier detection of metastasis. The particles work by hitchhiking on immune cells to reach the lymph nodes, where they can amplify the signal detected by MRI scans.
A new study published in The Lancet Oncology demonstrates that the drug enobosarm has anti-tumour effects in oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer patients, providing a novel approach to treatment. The study showed that enobosarm was well tolerated with no significant impact on quality of life.
Research in mice reveals that epigenetic status controls cancer cells' behavior at metastasis sites, with some cells entering dormancy while others grow into tumors. The study identifies DNA methylation as a key factor in this decision.
Researchers at Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute have identified a combination of drugs that could change the treatment of patients with prostate cancer resistant to docetaxel. The study proposes a new treatment based on a combination of kinase inhibitors in patients who inevitably stop responding to docetaxel.
A study published in Advanced Science identified Engrailed-1 as a key factor promoting pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis. The researchers found that elevated Engrailed-1 levels were associated with severe pancreatic cancer, suggesting it as a potential target for therapies.
Researchers identified SMYD2 as a key player in breast cancer metastasis, enabling the development of early treatments. Inhibiting SMYD2 inhibits BCAR3 activity, blocking metastatic cell migration and invasion.
Researchers discovered that cisplatin chemotherapy enhances the immune system's ability to fight bladder cancer by modulating the immune response and damaging DNA in cancer cells. This approach may lead to durable disease control in a subset of patients with metastatic bladder cancer.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a promising new immunological pathway to treat stubborn bone tumors in breast cancer patients. The glyco-immune checkpoint axis, involving protein Siglec-15, plays a crucial role in hiding bone tumors from the immune system.
Researchers report a case of a patient with EGFR L858R mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who experienced durable disease improvement after empirical treatment with osimertinib. The 'Lazarus effect' refers to the phenomenon where cancer appears to recur after seeming to be in remission.
Researchers developed an mRNA therapeutic that combats ovarian cancer by producing functional p53 protein, shrinking and killing tumors. The treatment is effective against metastases and has shown promise in preclinical studies.
Stacyann Bailey studies how cancer treatment affects bones, hoping to prevent fractures and improve patient outcomes. Up to 50% of patients with metastatic bone disease develop fractures due to treatment, making her work crucial for their quality of life.
Dr. Mikhail V. Blagosklonny, a renowned oncologist, shares his personal journey with metastatic brain cancer and challenges conventional treatment approaches. He argues that targeted drugs alone cannot cure lung cancer, but preemptive combinations may offer hope.
A groundbreaking study identifies FAM3C as a key regulator of breast cancer progression within the tumor microenvironment. The overexpression of FAM3C promotes breast cancer cell survival and metastasis, while its depletion inhibits tumor growth in genetically engineered mouse models.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a novel approach for treating lymph node metastasis by administering anticancer drugs directly into the LNs, improving efficacy and reducing side effects. The Lymphatic Drug Delivery System (LDDS) targets sentinel lymph nodes, generating antitumor effects locally.
Researchers from MD Anderson Cancer Center reported a case of a patient with an exceptional response to pazopanib treatment for over 5 years. The study shows that pazopanib prevents or delays the progression of additional metastasis in EWSR1-NFATC2 positive sarcomas. Further studies are warranted.
Researchers found that the loss of RBFOX2 protein leads to increased cell migration, invasion, tumor development, and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. The study suggests alternative RNA splicing plays a critical role in pancreatic cancer progression.
A phase III study found that selpercatinib significantly improves cancer progression-free survival in patients with NSCLC and RET gene translocations. The therapy also demonstrated efficacy in treating intracranial lesions, a common challenge in advanced NSCLC.
A risk model based on routine blood work can identify cancer patients who are more likely to benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors, increasing treatment efficacy and cost-effectiveness. The study found that patients in the low-risk group had a higher response rate and longer overall survival compared to those in the high-risk group.
Researchers have made significant progress in understanding the enzyme SMYD3's involvement in prostate cancer's progression to a more aggressive stage. The study found that adding methyl groups to the MAP kinase protein is likely SMYD3's role in driving metastasis, and compounds that can inactivate SMYD3 are already available
A Stanford University study reveals that ENPP1 is produced by both cancer cells and healthy cells around tumors, with high levels linked to immunotherapy resistance and metastases. Researchers found that targeting ENPP1 could improve patient responses to existing medicines and help clinicians better predict patient outcomes
Cancer-associated fibroblasts in the brain secrete fucosylated poliovirus receptor that stimulates breast cancer migration and invasion. The researchers hope these findings will help develop better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for breast cancer brain metastasis patients.
A Phase IIa international study found that a combination of zanidatamab, palbociclib, and fulvestrant improved progression-free survival by 12 months with durable responses. The treatment regimen is being developed for heavily pretreated patients with HER2+/HR+ metastatic breast cancer.
Researchers discuss recent advances in blood-based liquid biopsies for prostate cancer interrogation, highlighting key biomarkers like CTCs, ctDNA, and exosomes. The studies suggest that these approaches can aid in predicting tumor recurrence, improving treatment response, and evaluating prognosis.
A new study found that a type of white blood cell called tumour-associated macrophages can promote the formation of lymphatic vessels, facilitating cancer cell transport to other organs. However, these cells also reduce breast cancer spread to the lungs while increasing it to the lymph nodes.
Researchers discovered that Osteopontin induces mitochondrial biogenesis in deadherent breast tumor cells, which aids metastatic success. The study suggests a possible mechanism and targets for treating cancer metastasis by increasing ATP levels and mitochondrial mass.
Adding immunotherapy atezolizumab to chemotherapy and bevacizumab improved overall survival by 32.1 months compared to 22.8 months with standard therapy alone. The two-year survival rate was also higher, with 60% in patients treated with the experimental combination.
A systematic review of papers found abnormalities in brain cancer and potential treatment with licensed drugs. Genetic differences were discovered between smokers and non-smokers, suggesting personalized medicine approaches.
Moffitt researchers found that HDAC8 inhibition of EP300 leads to melanoma cell metastasis to the brain, while no significant impact on other organs was observed. This study provides evidence for a new therapeutic target to inhibit brain metastasis.
Researchers found that carboxylic nanodiamonds blocked melanoma cells' ability to migrate and invade across membranes. Mice treated with these nanoparticles showed reduced or no tumor metastasis compared to untreated mice.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a new computational model called Adaptive Physics Refinement (APR) that can simulate the movement of individual cancer cells across long distances within the entire human body. This approach captures detailed cellular interactions and their effects on cellular trajectory, providing valuable...
A new study at the University of Turku discovered that plixorafenib inhibits multiple signaling pathways in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, showing promise for treatment. The drug was originally developed for melanoma and lung cancer, but its effectiveness against cSCC is significant.
A phase 2 trial found that durvalumab is safe and may benefit overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients with borderline performance status. The study also showed stable quality of life and a lower incidence of severe treatment-related adverse events compared to platinum doublet chemotherapy.
Researchers are exploring new ways to fight metastasis, including the use of bacteria to activate a defensive response against cancer. Stress and changes in circadian rhythms have also been linked to metastasis, suggesting that these factors may be targets for prevention or treatment.
Experts call for urgent measures to address discrimination against patients fleeing war or conflict zones, those with serious mental illnesses, and frail elderly patients. Guidelines for treating advanced breast cancer should prioritize patient preferences and involve multidisciplinary care teams.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona have identified the mechanism by which the MAF protein promotes breast cancer metastasis, revealing a key interaction with the estrogen receptor. This finding opens up new therapeutic options for patients with high MAF levels, who may benefit from treatments aimed at preventing metastases.
Patients with HER2-positive breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body survive for longer if treated with pyrotinib. The new drug targets proteins involved in HER2-positive breast cancer and shows a 22% reduction in risk of death compared to lapatinib.
A study published in Oncotarget reveals that HER2 mutant alleles play a crucial role in determining treatment response to neratinib and poziotinib. Researchers found that individual HER2 mutant alleles have distinct effects on therapeutic efficacy, suggesting new targets for breast cancer therapy.
Researchers found that a specific gene, MDA-9, initiates a cellular chain reaction sparking prostate cancer metastasis. The study's findings hold significant implications for treating prostate cancer and other forms of disease.
A phase 1 trial of the radiopharmaceutical 225AC-J591 demonstrated promising antitumor activity against advanced metastatic prostate cancer, reducing PSA levels by at least half for 47% of patients. The treatment was well-tolerated, with only temporary low blood cell count side effects.
Researchers found that FAAH inhibition reduced breast cancer growth in immunodeficient mice and induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells. The combination of FAAH inhibitors and endocannabinoids was the most effective treatment approach.
A multi-institutional study found that immune checkpoint inhibition and single fraction stereotactic radiosurgery does not increase the risk of radiation necrosis in patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer. The study suggests that treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors can continue when radiation necrosis oc...
A pioneering collection of brain metastasis living samples has been established, enabling researchers to study the response to specific drugs and identify the best therapeutic options for each patient. The RENACER network connects hospitals and patients, facilitating the rapid sharing of research findings and clinical trial data.
A collaborative study has developed an agarose spot migration assay to examine the ability of extracellular vesicles to attract other cells in a controlled environment. The assay revealed differences in EVs' recruitment capability for endothelial cells, particularly in highly metastatic cancer cells.