Articles tagged with Neurological Disorders
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A study found that high maternal care during early post-natal periods can re-program genes controlling stress responses, reducing sensitivity to stressful events. This rewiring has implications for understanding early environment influences on stress-related disorders.
A study suggests that immune cells outside the brain may contribute to depression, with elevated levels of interleukin-6 linked to increased depressive behaviors in rodents. Researchers found that mice transplanted with high-responding donors exhibited increased depression-like behaviors compared to those with low-responding donors.
Meniere's disease affects 3-5 million people in the US, causing dizziness, ringing, and hearing loss. Researchers suggest a new theory linking the disorder to low blood flow in the brain and inner ear, offering a potential treatment avenue by addressing vascular risk factors.
Researchers discovered a potential new treatment for malaria by targeting the parasite's vulnerability to oxytocin, a naturally occurring hormone. Oxytocin has been shown to enhance brain activity while processing social information in children with autism spectrum disorders.
Researchers found significant differences in the expression of genes in male and female brains, involving 2.5% of all brain genes. These differences could contribute to the higher incidence of autism in males.
A Yale-led team identified common neural circuits affected by autism-risk genes and when they exert their effects on the developing human brain. The findings suggest new targeted treatments for autism may be possible, focusing on specific neural circuits at specific times.
Researchers have generated disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cell lines from a patient with familial transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR), a lethal protein-folding disorder. The study successfully recreates essential aspects of the disease in vitro, validating this iPSC-based system as a platform for testing therapeutic strategies.
Researchers at UC Davis have found a biomarker that can differentiate between the inattentive and combined subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study used electroencephalograms (EEGs) to examine brain waves in adolescents with ADHD and typically developing teens.
The NIH has awarded $17 million to support genomics research in Africa, enhancing the continent's research capacity and training African genomic scientists. The new grants will study various health conditions important in Africa, including neurological disorders and respiratory diseases.
Research attributes high smoking rates among mentally ill to brain susceptibility to addiction, not self-medication. The study found that psychiatric disease makes the brain more vulnerable to nicotine addiction, which has severe health consequences.
A team of researchers led by LA BioMed's Patricia Dickson will use state-of-the-art brain imaging to study the brains of disease models with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS), a genetic disease causing cognitive deterioration, memory loss and dementia. The goal is to gain greater understanding of MPS brain disease and develop new treatments.
Research at UC Davis Center for Neuroscience found that maternal viral infection alters brain cell communication and increases risk of autism spectrum disorder. The study discovered a novel biological signaling pathway linking maternal immune activation to disease-linked behaviors.
The Society for Neuroscience announced the winners of its third annual Brain Awareness Video Contest, featuring videos on a little-known brain disorder, memory, and mind reading. The top ten videos will compete for a People's Choice Award and will join over 1,000 resources on BrainFacts.org.
UC Riverside researchers have created a novel transparent skull implant made of yttria-stabilized zirconia, allowing doctors to aim laser-based treatments without repeated craniectomies. This technology has strong potential for positive impact on patients with life-threatening neurological disorders.
Researchers have successfully used a new class of genetically engineered proteins, called genetically encoded fluorescent voltage indicators (GEVIs), to monitor nerve cell electricity in live brains. These proteins enable researchers to watch brain cells spark and fire while the flies were awakening and smelling.
A rare genetic deletion of the TOP3B gene has been identified as a common biological pathway for both schizophrenia and a learning disorder associated with autism, increasing susceptibility by two-fold. The study uncovers an important biological process underlying these brain disorders, potentially leading to new drug targets.
The NIH has launched three new projects to develop therapeutics for Fragile X syndrome, nicotine addiction, and age-related macular degeneration. Researchers aim to create novel treatments using cutting-edge science to address debilitating disorders.
Using a device that detects molecules in real-time, researchers can now observe biomolecule interactions in a sample of water. This technology has major implications for medicine, enabling scientists to study proteins, medicines, and cells with unprecedented precision.
Research reveals delayed brain development in children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) compared to those without the disorder. Children with FASD show greatest gains in reading ability among other cognitive measures as their brains develop.
Astrocytes, a type of glial cell, respond to neurological trauma by changing shape and forming scars that can either repair or hinder brain function. The study identified proteins controlling this process, revealing a complex mechanism involved.
Researchers have found quantifiable differences in brain structure among children with sensory processing disorders (SPD), which are often overlooked and misunderstood. The study provides a potential biological basis for the disease, using advanced MRI techniques to examine white matter tracts in the brain.
Researchers used optogenetics to re-establish normal behavior in mice with obsessive-compulsive disorder-like symptoms. Light stimulation attenuated compulsive behavior, and the approach may help identify dysfunctional neuron circuits contributing to the disorder.
A study published in Fluids and Barriers of the CNS found a significantly altered level of six specific proteins in people with restless leg syndrome (RLS), consistent with iron deficiency, dopamine dysregulation, and inflammation. The discovery could lead to new treatments for RLS and its associated cardiovascular disease risk.
Dr. Peter Williamson's research reveals distinct neural networks affected by different psychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. The study uses advanced imaging techniques to uncover differences between patients and healthy individuals.
A genetic mutation in gene GNAQ on chromosome 9q21 is identified as the cause of Sturge-Weber syndrome and port-wine birthmarks. The discovery opens up new avenues for targeted therapies and offers renewed hope to families affected by the conditions.
Researchers developed a test to predict cerebral malaria progression in children with malaria. Testing patients' blood for HRP2 protein levels can identify those likely to develop life-threatening cerebral malaria, allowing for targeted treatment and improved outcomes.
Researchers at UCLA found that individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) have abnormal brain connections, which may impair information processing. The study suggests that these patterns in the brain relate to impaired symptoms, particularly compulsive behaviors.
Researchers from Scripps Research Institute have received a $10M NIH grant to develop anti-smoking drug candidates. The team aims to create novel compounds that target hypocretin-1 receptors, which play a critical role in maintaining tobacco addiction.
Researchers at Mount Sinai are studying spasmodic dysphonia, a neurological disorder characterized by vocal cord spasms. The team aims to identify new drug targets and diagnostic biomarkers using advanced neuroimaging methodologies.
A new study suggests schizophrenia is associated with accelerated aging, particularly in cerebral white matter. Individuals with schizophrenia have shorter average lifespans and are at increased risk of cardiovascular illnesses.
A large-scale genetic study has identified four shared genetic risk loci across five major psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. The findings suggest that a new classification system based on underlying causes may be possible in the future.
A new study found that low-birth-weight newborns with enlarged ventricles on an ultrasound are seven times more likely to be diagnosed with autism later in life. The research suggests that an early brain abnormality may indicate a higher risk of developing autism.
A study by Dalhousie University researchers found that immersion in total darkness can rapidly restore vision in kittens with amblyopia. The recovery depends on the loss of neurofilaments holding the visual system in place. Darkness therapy holds promise for treating children with amblyopia, but more research is needed to determine the...
Researchers are investigating how macrophage activation affects nerve damage in HIV patients, with the goal of developing biomarkers for early detection and potential treatments.
Researchers have identified multiple brain regions responsible for generating fear and panic, including the amygdala, brainstem, diencephalon, and insular cortex. The findings suggest that an intact amygdala normally inhibits panic, and its absence can lead to anxiety-related conditions.
Scientists at the University of Melbourne have successfully transplanted neural stem cells into mice, which then migrated to the gut and developed into functional neurons. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for intestinal motility disorders such as Hirschsprung's disease.
Researchers investigate using heparin to optimize therapeutic delivery with ultrasound into the brain, increasing treatment efficacy for CNS diseases. Initial results show promising potential in enhancing drug permeability and reducing side effects.
Researchers used MEG to identify two distinct spectral features in schizophrenia patients, which were significantly different from healthy control subjects. The study also found four features that changed with age, suggesting the disease affects brain activity over time.
A Mayo Clinic study found that skin issues and joint disorders are the most common reasons people visit their healthcare providers. The research team tracked over 140,000 residents who visited Mayo Clinic between 2005 and 2009 and discovered that these conditions affected both genders and all age groups.
A new study reveals that a mutation in the Timothy syndrome gene causes abnormal brain circuitry by retraction of dendrites in response to neural activity, leading to cognitive impairment. The finding may have implications for understanding neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.
A survey of 1,293 neurologists found that nearly 29% have experienced burnout, while 45.8% are concerned about it. The neurohospitalist model offers advantages like high-quality care and improved continuity, but also challenges such as long work hours and poor reimbursement.
Research identified UBE3B as the gene responsible for a rare developmental disorder in children, causing brain abnormalities and reduced growth. The study used a combination of DNA sequencing and mouse models to confirm the link between the gene mutation and the disorder.
Children with developmental coordination disorder can improve their fine motor skills through a unique virtual reality training program. The study, published in the Journal of Child Neurology, used a three-dimensional virtual reality device to help children with DCD overcome their motor skill impairments.
Researchers discovered that desynchronised brain activity during sleep could trigger some of schizophrenia's symptoms. The study suggests poor sleep might be a cause, not just a consequence of the disorder's effects.
A new study reveals that the primary cilium plays a crucial role in guiding interneurons to their correct locations during brain development. This navigation system is disrupted in individuals with Joubert syndrome, a rare neurological disorder linked to autism spectrum disorders and brain structure malformations.
Researchers found that neurotics with high levels of conscientiousness had lower inflammation levels, fewer chronic health conditions, and healthier body mass indices. This suggests that 'healthy neuroticism' may provide a protective effect against long-term health problems.
The 25th ECNP Congress showcased innovative research on brain disorders, highlighting the importance of neuroscience in prevention and treatment. Key findings included new insights into neural plasticity and its potential for novel treatments.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego have received a $9.3 million grant from the NIH to develop a three-dimensional map of gene activities in individual cells in the human cortex. Understanding variations between individual cells may be critical to understanding the origins of diseases such as brain disorders.
UT Southwestern has been selected as one of 25 sites for the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke's (NINDS) NeuroNEXT clinical trials network. The network aims to streamline clinical trials for brain diseases by creating a shared infrastructure and institutional review board.
Balint's syndrome is a rare neurological disorder that badly impairs a patient's ability to make sense of what they see. Patients experience difficulties with eye movements, arm pointing, and visual field constriction.
A study published in Neurosurgery found that women with moyamoya disease are at higher risk of adverse outcomes, including stroke, after surgical treatment. Despite this, both men and women experience significant improvements in health and functioning after surgery.
A new UCLA study identifies uniquely human patterns of gene activity in the brain that could deepen our understanding of human evolution and brain diseases. The research suggests that complex signaling pathways and enhanced cellular function in the frontal lobe created a bridge to human evolution, enabling higher rates of learning.
A NIH-funded study reveals that hoarding disorder is associated with abnormal brain activity in areas processing error monitoring and weighing the value of possessions. Patients with hoarding disorder tend to over-activate these areas when deciding about their own possessions, but under-activate them when dealing with others' stuff.
Patients with hoarding disorder showed abnormal brain activity when deciding about possessions, with reduced activity for items not belonging to them and increased activity for items that did. The study found that these patients had difficulty discarding possessions, with fewer items discarded compared to healthy individuals.
Researchers at UCLA have combined gene expression and peripheral blood analysis to identify potential precursors of autism. The study found strong links between genetic variations in specific regions of the genome and altered expression patterns in genes related to nervous-system function.
A recent study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found a strong association between psychological distress and an increased risk of death from stroke. The research, which analyzed data from over 68,000 participants, suggests that questionnaires could be useful screening tools for common mental illnesses to help redu...
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have developed a novel approach to probing the susceptible brain using electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging. This allows for ongoing monitoring tailored to each individual, enabling early or preventive intervention.
Researchers sequenced exomes of 118 patients with specific neurodevelopmental diseases, identifying numerous disease-causing genes. In approximately 10% of cases, exome sequencing led to the identification of a known disease-causing gene, prompting changes in diagnosis and care for some patients.
A Kaiser Permanente study found a strong association between childhood obesity and the development of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, particularly in non-Hispanic white teenage girls. The condition can result in blindness if left untreated, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
Saks Fifth Avenue's month-long charity drive raised $1.1 million for 196 organizations, including $17,000 for TGen biomedical research. The program linked customer accounts with chosen charities, allowing for significant charitable contributions.