Articles tagged with Blood Samples
A novel nairovirus, Yezo virus, has been identified in Japan causing a disease characterized by fever and reduced blood platelets and leucocytes. The virus is transmitted through tick bites and has been linked to at least seven human infections since 2014.
A team of scientists has identified molecular biomarkers associated with sepsis, which could be used to predict patient outcomes and guide treatment. The study found that changes in CD52 expression were linked to good outcomes, while S100A9 acted as a driver of fatal sepsis.
A new study published in PNAS has identified 33 metabolic compounds associated with dementia, which could aid in diagnosis and treatment. The researchers found that levels of these metabolites differed significantly between patients with dementia and healthy elderly individuals.
Researchers analyzed plasma and single immune cells from nearly 200 COVID-19 patients and found metabolic changes associated with disease severity. The study's findings could lead to better therapies targeting immune-metabolic changes in severe disease cases.
Researchers developed a blood test to detect cancer early in people with NF1, a genetic disorder that affects 1 in 3,000 people worldwide. The test differentiates between benign and aggressive tumors with high accuracy and could help monitor treatment responses.
A validated definition for iMCD-TAFRO has been established to differentiate it from other iMCD cases, enabling timely diagnosis and proper treatment. The new definition includes four clinical criteria: thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, and organomegaly.
Researchers review advancements in biosensing technologies for neonatal sepsis diagnosis, highlighting the need for faster and more accurate methods. Biosensors offer a promising solution, detecting multiple parameters simultaneously with high sensitivity and accuracy.
A novel screening method using untargeted metabolomics profiling can improve the diagnostic rate for inborn errors of metabolism in newborns, identifying many more disorders than traditional methods. This approach offers a faster, more efficient, and less expensive diagnostic journey for individuals with rare metabolic disorders.
Researchers analyzed 24,000 blood samples and multiple antibody testing platforms to discover SARS-CoV-2 infections in five states earlier than reported. The findings expand on previous studies suggesting the virus was present in the US as early as December 2019.
A new protocol processing saliva samples with a bead mill homogenizer improves COVID-19 detection rate and eliminates challenges of nasopharyngeal testing, researchers report. Saliva testing is found to be more effective than nasopharyngeal swabs for COVID-19 detection in a study published in The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics.
A study found that people who have had dengue are twice as likely to develop symptoms of COVID-19. The research analyzed blood samples from a town in the Brazilian Amazon before and after the pandemic, revealing an increased risk among populations most exposed to dengue.
A large study of plasma proteins and dementia found abnormal blood levels of dozens of proteins up to five years earlier may predict dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. High levels of one protein, SVEP1, are linked to the disease process.
African and Asian leopards exhibit greater genetic differences than polar bears and brown bears, suggesting they should be treated as separate species. The study's findings have important implications for leopard conservation, highlighting the need for targeted strategies to maintain high genetic diversity.
Researchers developed SaferSeqS to detect rare mutations in blood more efficiently and reduce sequencing errors. The technology has shown a marked improvement in sensitivity and specificity in detecting previously undetectable cancer-related mutations.
Researchers are enrolling 500 participants, 400 with primary/secondary immune system disorders and 100 without, to study COVID-19 vaccine responses. The study aims to characterize features and adequacy of immune responses and provide valuable information about benefits and potential risks in individuals with immune deficiencies.
The Herringbone Microfluidic Probe (HB-MFP) effectively isolates Circulating Tumor Cells from blood samples, providing insights into cancer metastasis. Researchers believe this technology has great promise for diagnosing and prognosticating prostate cancer using liquid biopsies.
Researchers at UC Riverside developed a technique to capture cell-free DNA from fluid samples using an electric charge, making it easier to detect and diagnose cancer. The glass nanopore system can accumulate DNA near the surface, enhancing signal-to-noise ratio and potentially detecting mini lipid-based droplets released by tumors.
Researchers developed a mass spectrometry-based technique to measure thousands of proteins in blood plasma in just a few minutes. The new technology identified previously unknown proteins associated with disease severity, including those involved in the immune response to pathogens.
Researchers found that individuals recovering from COVID-19 experienced prolonged immune system activation and exhaustion, particularly in the elderly. This dysregulation can hinder the development of protective immunity and increase susceptibility to secondary infections.
Scientists developed a novel smartphone-based technique to diagnose viral infections using a deep learning algorithm that identifies viruses in metal nanoparticle-labeled samples with 98.97% sensitivity. The system correctly identified clinically relevant concentrations of Zika, hepatitis B and C in patient samples.
New research suggests that testing for tumor DNA in DLBCL patients' stem cells or blood can help predict relapse risk. Patients with positive results may benefit from alternative treatments like CAR T cell therapy and prompt interventions to prevent relapse.
The study has achieved encouraging participation rates with 556 participants agreeing to share their data. Preliminary findings indicate that most enrolled individuals experienced mild symptoms, with common comorbidities including smoking, asthma, and obesity.
Researchers at UCL and King's College London developed a novel earwax sampling technique to measure cortisol levels, which appear more stable than traditional methods. The new device can be used at home without clinical supervision, facilitating medical check-ups while maintaining social distancing.
A retrospective study of 52 COVID-19 patients found that asymptomatic individuals had higher levels of lymphocytes, cleared viral particles faster, and had lower risks of long-term complications. The study suggests an important role for lymphocytes in controlling virus shedding.
A study published in Cell Systems identified 219 molecules that strongly correlate with COVID-19 severity. The analysis revealed a unique network of molecules influencing blood coagulation, inflammation, and vessel damage. Researchers hope this discovery will lead to the development of targeted therapeutics to alleviate disease.
Researchers found a significant correlation between matched DBS and serum samples, with minimal differences in results. DBS achieved 98% sensitivity and 100% specificity for detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein antibodies.
Genetic and immunological analyses reveal inherited immunodeficiency in patients with severe COVID-19, impairing anti-viral response. The study identifies 13 critical genes associated with the disease, paving the way for personalized treatment and prevention.
A study published in mBio found that past infections with coronaviruses, including the common cold, can induce long-lasting immunity against COVID-19. The research also showed cross-reactivity between memory B cells that target SARS-CoV-2 and those targeting other betacoronaviruses.
Researchers found a strong correlation between glycoalbumin levels in tears and blood, suggesting potential for non-invasive diabetes monitoring. The study of 100 subjects with diabetes indicates that tear analysis could provide a reliable alternative to current invasive methods.
A study of 200,000 UK Biobank blood samples found over 2,000 undiagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes, with patients waiting on average 2.3 years for a clinical diagnosis. Population-level screening using HbA1c testing could identify cases earlier and reduce complications.
A new study found that 15 out of 102 cat blood samples showed COVID-19 antibodies, with 11 cats having neutralizing antibodies to block the infection. The cats were from Wuhan, where the first outbreak occurred, and had been exposed to humans or other infected animals.
Researchers developed a blood test predicting psychosis development risk with 93% accuracy. The test identifies early changes in the immune system involved in inflammation.
Researchers developed a saliva test to diagnose heart attacks, showing strong agreement with blood tests. The test provides results in 10 minutes, compared to at least one hour for standard blood tests, and has the potential to save lives.
A new method of detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has been developed using a powerful label-free detection method and machine learning algorithm. The technique achieved an overall accuracy of 88.6% in patient blood samples and 97% on cultured cells, outperforming existing methods.
A new study found elevated levels of transforming growth factor beta-induced protein (TGFBIp) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, correlating with disease severity. The research suggests TGFBIp could serve as a viable therapeutic target to treat severe inflammation and cytokine storms in patients with severe COVID-19.
Researchers detected novel fluoroethers in 85% of participants' blood, representing 24% of total PFAS, and showed faster excretion rates compared to legacy PFAS. The study aimed to understand the effects of these chemicals on human health.
Researchers at Stanford University have created a handheld, portable device to measure ammonia levels in blood. The device, which assesses ammonia levels from a finger or earlobe prick, can report results in less than a minute and is significantly more efficient than current methods.
Researchers developed a simple agglutination assay to detect COVID-19 antibodies in plasma samples within 20 minutes. This test can identify recent cases and aid clinical trials, with potential for widespread use in high-risk countries.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science developed a fully automated micro-lab on a chip that can quickly and reliably determine a patient's blood type. The device can dilute whole blood automatically and detect weak coagulation with the naked eye, holding potential for use in emergency medical situations.
A nine-year longitudinal study found that family caregivers did not experience significantly greater inflammation levels compared to non-caregivers, challenging past research findings. The study suggests that caregiving may have minimal effects on physical health for most caregivers.
A recent genetic study involving 378 Arabian horses from 12 countries found a larger degree of genetic diversity than previously thought, contradicting popular notions about the breed's history. The research also revealed that the modern-day Thoroughbred does not contribute genetically to the Arabian horse, contrary to common belief.
A new study in The American Journal of Pathology reports that gene expression analysis of lung explant tissue can accurately differentiate pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) from pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD). This molecular approach promises to facilitate clinical diagnostics and develop novel target-specific intervention...
Researchers at Terasaki Institute develop a microneedle patch to extract skin interstitial fluid, providing an alternative source for biomarker testing and overcoming issues with blood sampling. The patch, made of gelatin methacryloyl, is highly absorbent and biocompatible, eliminating the need for hollow needles.
A newly identified metabolic signature can evaluate an individual's adherence and metabolic response to the Mediterranean diet, indicating future CVD risk. The signature consists of 67 metabolites that were highly reproducible across different study populations.
A new tool using machine-learning technology distinguishes the cause of different types of blood clots based on subtle differences in their shape. The intelligent platelet aggregate classifier (iPAC) can help physicians diagnose and select treatments for patients with specific clot types.
A clinical study of NHS healthcare workers is underway to better understand the spread of coronavirus and why some people are more affected by the virus. The study aims to collect samples from frontline healthcare workers to answer key questions about the virus and potentially create individual 'risk scores' for developing complications.
A new blood test has been developed to detect Alzheimer's disease, which measures a specific variant of tau protein in ordinary blood samples. The test shows great promise for diagnosing and monitoring the condition early on, particularly in primary care settings.
Eastern Australian bats harbor diverse KoRV-related viruses, with metagenomic analysis revealing their presence in multiple species. The discovery of a novel retrovirus, Hervey pteropid gammaretrovirus (HPG), suggests that bats can actively reproduce retroviruses.
Researchers analyzed COVID-19 patients in Munich and found high viral replication and shedding in the throat during symptoms. This suggests individuals with COVID-19 are infectious very early on, potentially before they show symptoms.
Research found statistically associated CpG sites were analyzed in blood samples from atherothrombotic stroke cohorts, revealing differences in DNA methylation status of MMP24 between stable and unstable carotid plaques. The study suggests a correlation between DNA methylation patterns and plaque instability.
Researchers compared serum levels of poly- and perfluorinated substances (PFAS) in female firefighters and female office workers, finding higher levels of three compounds in firefighters. Firefighters had modestly higher levels of PFNA, PFUnDA, and PFHxS, with those using firefighting foam having even higher concentrations.
A new study led by UC Berkeley researchers found that San Francisco women firefighters are exposed to higher levels of toxic PFAS chemicals than office workers. The study aims to document the risks faced by women firefighters and ensure they receive necessary protections for cancer prevention and compensation.
A team of scientists is working on wearable devices that can detect molecules in sweat to monitor patient health status continuously without blood draws. They aim to standardize sample collection methods and develop low-level detection techniques for neuropeptides, allowing for a more holistic understanding of bodily functions.
A new robot created by Rutgers University has performed as well or better than humans in blood sampling, providing quick results and reducing complications. The device includes an ultrasound-guided robot that draws blood from veins, and could be used in various medical procedures to improve patient outcomes.
A new microfluidics device has identified two super donors with long-lasting red blood cells, offering potential for improved transfusion safety. The study, published in Lab on a Chip, could benefit over 4.5 million patients requiring regular blood transfusions.
A new study uses AI to analyze blood samples from 1969 patients with Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease, detecting molecular patterns specific to these diseases. The algorithm reveals chronological changes in gene expression over decades, offering a long-term view of molecular changes underlying neurodegeneration.
Researchers used AI to analyze gene activity in blood cells from over 12,000 samples, achieving a hit rate of above 99% for AML diagnosis. This approach could support conventional diagnostics and potentially accelerate therapy initiation, while also reducing costs.
Researchers have developed a handheld, paper-based device to diagnose Lyme disease soon after infection. The assay achieved a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 96.3%, making it more sensitive than existing tests and requiring only 15 minutes to complete.
Researchers found that filtered coffee reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by up to 60%, but boiled coffee does not have this effect. The study used a novel method called metabolomics to identify specific molecules in blood samples, which indicate coffee intake and its impact on metabolism.
A Duke University microscope prototype uses machine learning to optimize lighting settings for diagnosing malaria, achieving 90% accuracy in identifying infected red blood cells. The adapted lighting system highlights the parasite in bright spots, significantly improving diagnosis times and accuracy compared to traditional methods.