Articles tagged with Dendritic Cells
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A new study identified deoxyhypusine synthase as a critical regulator of macrophage maturation and long-term survival. Without this enzyme, monocytes fail to differentiate into functional tissue-resident macrophages, leading to impaired tissue maintenance and inflammation.
Researchers have identified a new immune function of human M cells, which can process and present gluten antigens, suggesting a potential link to celiac disease. This discovery sheds light on gut immunity and may support future research into celiac disease diagnosis or treatment.
Researchers discover that temperature affects immune cell movement and efficiency, with Myosin II playing a key role in regulating cellular thermo-adaptability. The study finds that increased temperature leads to faster immune cell migration and a higher number of cells entering lymphatic vessels.
A team of Japanese researchers has identified shootin1b as a protein that promotes cell migration in glioblastoma, the most common and difficult-to-treat brain tumor. By suppressing abnormal activity of shootin1b, the study suggests a potential target for preventing glioblastoma spread.
Conventional dendritic cells have been found to originate from both myeloid and lymphoid progenitors, revealing their unique functions and developmental pathways. These lymphoid-derived cDCs exhibit potent functions in immune suppression and allergy induction, and follow diverse developmental pathways.
Dendritic cells assemble central actin structure to push obstacles away, generating space for migration. Mutations in Dock8 gene lead to severe immune disorder symptoms.
Scientists have discovered a new immunotherapy strategy using type I dendritic cells to activate strong immune responses and generate immune memory against cancer. The treatment helps prevent tumor relapse in mouse models by triggering an immune memory response.
A recent study published in Cell revealed that a specific intestinal immune cell prevents food allergies by breaking the threshold between friend and foe in the gut. Researchers at WashU Medicine identified this cell as RORγt+ dendritic cells, which maintain tolerance to harmless food allergens, preventing allergic reactions.
A recent study by the CNIO Melanoma Group has discovered a mechanism by which melanomas evade immune system surveillance. The research found that melanoma cells secrete Midkine, a protein that reduces dendritic cell numbers and reprograms their function to promote tumour development.
Researchers from La Jolla Institute for Immunology and UC San Diego discover Zika virus blocks dendritic cells' ability to alert T cells, while dengue virus stimulates pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to a stronger but uncontrolled immune response. Understanding these differences is key to developing life-saving vaccines.
Research from the University of Chicago shows that a specially trained population of immune cells, called peacekeeper cells, prevents other immune cells from attacking their own cells during infection. This specificity allows the immune system to distinguish between foreign and self-antigens, preventing autoimmune attacks.
Researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute have discovered a promising new vaccine strategy for treating HER2-positive breast cancer. The innovative approach combines the HER2-targeting dendritic cell vaccines with standard chemotherapy, demonstrating both safety and positive response rates.
A new combination therapy combining systemic interferon-I with local imiquimod application showed promising results in treating melanoma and breast cancer. The therapy activated the adaptive immune system to fight distant metastases, reducing tumor relapses and increasing sensitivity to checkpoint inhibitors.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science found that kaempferol increases RALDH2 levels in dendritic cells, promoting regulatory T-cell development and reducing inflammation. The study suggests that flavonoids like kaempferol may serve as natural remedies to alleviate allergic symptoms.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in treating liver cancer, with a new study revealing the potential of anti-CXCR4 therapy to reprogram the 'cold' microenvironment. The combination of anti-CXCR4 and PD1 blockades enhances intratumoral dendritic cell activation and immune responses against hepatocellular carcinoma.
A groundbreaking phase one clinical trial explores a novel cell-based immunotherapy for breast cancer, demonstrating significant shrinkage of tumors and minimal side effects. The treatment leverages dendritic cells to trigger an organized immune system attack on cancer, offering hope for replacing or reducing the need for chemotherapy.
Researchers from Osaka University discovered that the GPR31 receptor in gut surveillance cells detects bacterial metabolites and triggers immune responses, which could lead to new drug developments and probiotic treatments. The study also found that these receptors play a key role in the immune response to gut infections in humans.
A new study explores a promising combined therapy for multiple sclerosis, using tolerogenic dendritic cells modified with myelin antigens. Researchers found that these cells from patients have a persistent pro-inflammatory signature, making them less effective compared to those derived from healthy individuals.
New research suggests that exposure to vape and e-cigarette residue on surfaces during pregnancy can cause immune system damage in unborn babies. The study found that maternal third-hand exposure to e-vapour results in significant, long-lasting effects on lung and bone marrow immune cell responses.
New vaccines are being explored as a promising approach to treating glioblastoma, a highly lethal brain cancer with limited treatment options. These vaccines have been generally well-tolerated and have shown promise in improving survival rates for GBM patients.
Scientists used AI to identify genes that can convert brain cancer cells into immune cells, increasing survival chances by up to 75% in mouse models. The approach bypasses the blood-brain barrier, offering new hope for aggressive cancers.
Researchers explore various immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapies, as promising treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma. The review aims to overcome current limitations of targeted therapies by regulating the body's immune systems.
Researchers found TIMP-1 enhances antitumor immunity through self-stimulation and activates immune cells. Increasing TIMP-1 expression could improve cancer immunotherapies in patients with deficient immune responses.
Researchers review cell-based therapies for comprehensive sepsis management, highlighting the potential of mesenchymal stem cells and innate immune cells like macrophages. The review also emphasizes the need for further studies on optimal dosage, administration routes, and storage methods to maximize efficacy and safety.
Researchers at UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have found a combination immunotherapy treatment that enhances the immune response for people with malignant gliomas. Adding an immune-boosting agent, poly-ICLC, to a personalized dendritic cell vaccine improves the immune response and activity of T cells in patients.
Researchers found that gut bacteria-generated linoleic acid metabolite KetoC markedly reduced inflammation and immune cell expansion. gKetoC also suppressed prolonged T-cell proliferation and dendritic cell activation. The study suggests a potential molecular axis governing the immunomodulatory effects of gKetoC.
Researchers uncovered Bcl6's importance for certain dendritic cell formation and its impact on T-cell responses. Bcl6 deficiency leads to impaired antibody production and weakened immunity.
A new therapy combines gene-modified dendritic cells with immunotherapy to promote a stronger immune response against lung cancer. The treatment slows down tumor growth and activates T cells to attack cancer cells systemically.
A new DNA origami platform, DoriVac, enables precise spacing of adjuvant molecules and a variety of antigens to enhance anti-tumor responses. The vaccine demonstrated enhanced efficacy in controlling tumor growth and prolonging survival in mice, synergizing with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Researchers discovered that immune cells called natural killer cells rapidly lose their functionality when entering solid tumours, adopting a dormant state. However, targeting the IL-15 pathway can restore NK cell activity and improve tumor control. This breakthrough could pave the way for new cancer treatments.
A team of Spanish scientists discovered profound changes in dendritic cells during the immune response, which could lead to novel vaccines against bacterial and viral infections. The study found increased lipid peroxidation and MHC-I upregulation in post-synaptic dendritic cells, triggering efficient priming of CD8+ T cells.
A team of researchers from Okayama University found that short-chain fatty acids produced by intestinal bacteria trigger elongation of dendrites in dendritic cells, capturing intestinal pathogens and enhancing immune responses. This discovery may lead to the development of new treatments targeting dendritic cells to prevent diseases.
Researchers developed a ceria nanoparticle-immobilized mesenchymal stem cell nanovesicle hybrid system to treat rheumatoid arthritis. This approach provides both immediate pain relief through ROS scavenging and long-term immune tolerance by delivering immunomodulatory cytokines.
A dendritic cell vaccine targeting survivin protein showed safety and immunogenicity, inducing durable clinical responses in patients with high-risk multiple myeloma. The vaccine combination with autologous stem cell transplant was associated with a four-year progression-free survival rate of 71%.
Researchers discovered that immune cells create local gradients by consuming chemokines, guiding their movement and enhancing directional movement in complex environments. This finding increases understanding of coordinated immune responses and may reveal new strategies for targeting cancer
Researchers at ISTA discovered that immune cells actively shape their environment by consuming chemokine signals, allowing them to generate their own guidance cues. This dynamic regulation enables collective migration of immune cells and has significant implications for enhancing immune response coordination.
Researchers found that Dectin-1 stimulation induced a unique immune signature in HIV-positive older adults, characterized by increased levels of IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-α. This signature may contribute to the pro-inflammatory environment associated with HIV and aging.
Dendritic cells have been found to directly kill T cells lacking CD47, providing a new insight into the immune system's ability to distinguish self from non-self. This discovery has potential implications for cancer treatment and raises questions about the therapeutic application of this novel mechanism.
Dendritic cells form three-dimensional networks that regulate their migration and development. The new concept reveals how cytokines keep the cells together and close gaps in their network. This discovery has prognostic value for tumour diseases, particularly after immunotherapy.
Researchers developed a biodegradable nanoparticle that reaches dendritic cells in mice with melanoma and colon cancer, activating an immune response. The nanoparticle improves survival rates for these cancers, with half of mice surviving long-term after treatment.
Researchers have discovered that cancer patients who don't respond to immunotherapy often lack CD5+ dendritic cells, which are essential for effective T cell activity. Boosting these cells may help more patients benefit from immunotherapy.
Researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute discovered a new way to activate dendritic cells, which can produce strong anti-tumor immunity. The approach uses an oncolytic virus expressing CD40 ligand and IFNβ, reducing tumor size and activating immune cells in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science discovered β-damascone, a natural aroma compound found in rose fragrance, modulates dendritic cell functions and reduces inflammatory cytokine production. The study showed β-damascone inhibits antigen-dependent activation and Th1 cell development, as well as ear inflammation in mice models.
Researchers at Linköping University discovered that COVID-19 patients experience negative impacts on their immune cells six months after infection. The study highlights a connection between disease severity and immune cell dysfunction, suggesting the need for early antiviral treatment to prevent prolonged inflammation.
Researchers found that dendritic cells in meninges produce mediators causing pain hypersensitivity after nerve injury. The kynurenine pathway, primarily driven by IDO1, is involved in pain production.
Langerhans' Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) is a serious disease affecting children that can be fatal in severe cases. Researchers have identified the origin of LCH cells, which are derived from both dendritic and monocyte cells.
Researchers at UNIGE and LMU discovered that immune system's anti-tumour activity peaks in the morning. Tumours implanted at night grew faster than those implanted in the afternoon. Administering immunotherapy treatments early morning significantly enhanced their effectiveness, suggesting a new strategy for cancer treatment.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have identified a mechanism that helps dendritic cells migrate more quickly to lymph nodes. The discovery reveals that forming multiple centrosomes enables these immune cells to stay on course longer before continuing their search.
Researchers found that lidocaine injections reduced Psoriasis Area and Severity Index scores by 35-70% and maintained improvements for at least 24 weeks. The study suggests targeting sensory nerves as a potential therapeutic strategy for psoriasis treatment.
Dendritic cells, crucial in detecting infectious agents, need boosting when they are scarce in healthy tissue. A new process, dubbed 'emergency' dendritic cell response, rapidly replenishes these cells from bone marrow upon infection.
A Phase I study found that a dendritic cell vaccine extended median survival for patients with GBM by 455 days, compared to 257 days in the control group. The treatment elicited systemic immune responses and directed T-cells to the tumor site.
Researchers discovered that HIV attaches to immature immune cells called dendritic cells on mucosal surfaces, allowing it to infect the rest of the immune system. A specific dendritic cell receptor called DC-SIGN is identified as the key entry point for the virus.
Researchers have identified a crucial molecule, DC-SIGN, that enables the AIDS virus to hijack dendritic cells, transporting it to immune system tissues where it infects T-lymphocytes. This breakthrough offers new avenues for developing treatments and potentially vaccines to prevent HIV infection.
Scientists at the University of Iowa have discovered a powerful tool to activate human dendritic cells, key players in the immune system, using CpG DNA. This breakthrough could lead to enhanced immunization and treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have developed a method to trigger a potent immune response in humans using mature dendritic cells, which lasts for months. The technique shows promise as a new way to fight cancers and chronic infections like HIV.
A University of Michigan cancer vaccine combination with interleukin-2 was found to be effective in mobilizing the immune system to attack and destroy malignant cells. Eighty percent of mice showed complete regression of their tumors after treatment.
Researchers have tested a new approach to immunization, using dendritic cells to stimulate immunity in mice. The technique, which uses heat-killed bacteria to sensitize immune cells, has shown promising results in preventing Chlamydia and potentially HIV infections.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a vaccine made from dendritic cells that triggers the immune system to attack malignant tumors and prevent new tumor development in mice. The study found significant results, including a 70% kill rate of sarcoma cells within four hours.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have developed a novel vaccine that uses RNA and dendritic cells to target cancer cells. The vaccine stimulates an immediate and sustained assault on human cells in test tube experiments, showing promise as a universal cancer vaccine.
Researchers from Rockefeller University have developed a new method to fight cancer by using dendritic cells to activate T cells. This technique offers the promise of new therapies for cancer, AIDS, and autoimmune diseases, potentially overcoming the need for designer immunotherapy.