Articles tagged with Regulatory Genes
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists have developed an integrated system to better understand and possibly manipulate gene expression for treatment of disorders like sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia. The new method identified dozens of DNA regulatory elements that orchestrate fetal-to-adult hemoglobin switch, offeri...
Researchers identified three m6A modification patterns in HCC, each with distinct metabolic characteristics. These patterns were associated with differences in tumor stage, prognosis, and response to treatment. The study provides novel insights into potential prognostic markers and response to treatment in patients with HCC.
A UConn researcher has identified a suite of genes and regulatory elements critical to normal heart development using genome science technology. The study found over 100,000 regulatory sequences active during human heart development, including more than 13,000 that had never been annotated as active before.
Scientists use a custom robot to survey how mutations in regulatory regions of the genome affect animal development, revealing that most mutations alter gene expression in some way. The study finds that regulatory regions encode valuable information densely and that single mutations can have several different effects.
Researchers have identified master regulator genes that causally regulate key biological processes underlying asthma. These genes provide a novel path forward for uncovering mechanisms and developing novel therapies for asthma. The study also identified nasal gene signatures for mild, moderate, and severe persistent asthma.
Researchers identified a new gain-of-function mutation in the PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT4 (PAD4) gene, which enhances cell death during fungal infection and strengthens plant resistance to pathogens. The discovery sheds light on how plants control stress responses and provides insights into potential strategies for enhancing crop yields.
A team of researchers has developed an artificial intelligence method to predict iron deficiency responses in plants, identifying key regulatory elements and transcription factors. This breakthrough can lead to improved plant cultivation by increasing iron uptake in new varieties, enhancing adaptation to poor soil conditions.
A new program, CRUP, simplifies analysis of enhancer regions and their target genes in the genome. The tool identifies active enhancers and links them to their respective genes, helping researchers understand complex diseases.
Researchers at the University of Georgia have identified gene regulatory elements that can help produce 'designer' plants, which could lead to improvements in food crops. The team's findings suggest that targeting these elements for editing offers a more refined tool than editing genes.
Scientists have developed a new metabolic engineering technique that enables cells within microbial consortia to regulate their own composition through autonomous cell-to-cell communication. The approach utilizes the universal QS signal AI-2, allowing for tunable growth rates and improved coordination among subpopulations.
Scientists from Israel and the US have discovered the genetic explanation for intractable diarrhea of infancy syndrome (IDIS), a rare inherited disease causing extreme diarrhea in children. The study found that deletions in a previously unstudied noncoding region on chromosome 16 prevent the expression of a nearby gene called Percc1.
The study reveals Galectin-3 plays a key role in regulating immune response associated with Amyloid beta peptide. Researchers have identified genetic mutations linked to increased risk of Alzheimer's, and a potential therapeutic target for blocking galectin-3.
Researchers at Washington State University have developed a new method to analyze the genetic characteristics of cannabis strains, providing a powerful tool for addressing industry claims and concerns. The analysis reveals distinct gene networks orchestrating each strain's production of cannabinoids and terpenes.
Researchers have identified a key gene driving color differences in bumble bee species, revealing the genetic basis of mimicry and evolutionary adaptations. The study found that a specific regulatory region influences Abdominal-B gene expression, resulting in unique color patterns.
A Harvard University study explores the genetics behind the evolution of flightless birds, finding that different species turn to similar regulatory pathways when evolving flight loss. The team discovered a shared suite of morphological changes that led to a similar body plan across all flightless bird species.
A team of researchers has identified a genetic variant, CsFUL1A, that modulates fruit length in cucumbers. The study found that decreased expression of CsFUL1A leads to longer fruits, while increased expression results in shorter fruits.
Brown University researchers capture the first 'snapshot' of two proteins involved in delivering a bacterial stress-response master regulator to the cell's recycling machinery. The discovery sheds light on the importance of the regulation for antibiotic resistance, disease-causing bacteria, and biofilm development.
A Belgian team developed a new bioinformatics method called cisTopic to analyze gene regulation in cells. The method discovers common topics of gene control across cells, revealing unique gene activity patterns. This enables researchers to understand cellular diversity and its implications for diseases.
A new study reveals LZTR1 as a key regulator of RAS protein signaling, which is central to growth and oncogenesis. The findings provide a molecular explanation for various pathological conditions, including cancers and developmental disorders.
A new platform called INSiGHT was used to examine over 100 genes in the retina, identifying 16 key retinal regulatory genes. Of these, 15 were previously unknown and nine have been linked to human diseases.
A study published in Cell Reports has mapped the genetic regulators of facial development, revealing thousands of previously unknown enhancers linked to craniofacial abnormalities. The researchers found that these enhancers contribute to many cases of cleft palate and provide new insights into the causes of this birth defect.
New gene editing regulations could hinder the use of CRISPR technology in food animals, potentially limiting disease resistance and beneficial traits. The FDA's proposal would impose drug-like regulatory scrutiny, but experts suggest alternative routes to approval that could accelerate benefits from conventional breeding.
Researchers found that genetic changes outside of genes, specifically regulatory elements, can cause rare developmental disorders. This discovery is a positive step towards providing an explanation for children with undiagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders, and could lead to diagnoses and treatment options for thousands of families.
Researchers identify 15 patients with mutations in the PUMILIO1 gene, revealing a link between protein regulator levels and disease severity. The study suggests that identifying protein regulators could single out new candidates for disease-causing genes and open new avenues for novel therapeutic strategies.
Scientists discovered clues to disease risk lie in molecular switches controlling genes, not just the genes themselves. The study used human induced pluripotent stem cells to model immune response variation between people, revealing that genetic effects are often hidden if not thoroughly searched for.
A research team led by Dr. Ralf Gilsbach and Prof. Dr. Lutz Hein from the University of Freiburg has mapped out the gene regulators in the DNA of human cardiac muscle cells for the first time. They discovered over 100,000 gene switches that control gene activity, providing insight into mechanisms misdirected in heart disease.
A recent study has identified over 2,000 regulatory regions involved in learning that are strongly associated with autism. The research team found a genetic mutation linked to increased risk of developing autism in one of these regions, offering a promising new approach to diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers discovered ILCregs, a regulatory subpopulation of innate lymphoid cells, that suppress intestinal inflammation by secreting IL-10 and TGF-β1. This unique population has a distinct genetic identity from other immune cells and may hold potential for treating chronic inflammatory diseases.
A variation in the Cell Size Regulator gene enabled the domestication of large, plump tomatoes thousands of years ago. Farmers selectively cultivated plants with this genetic trait, which boosts fruit weight and increases profit margins.
A new review discusses how gene therapy delivered via adeno-associated viruses (AAV) can trigger an immune response in T cells, leading to activation and exhaustion. The review highlights the variability in individual patients' immune responses to AAV vectors and potential strategies to suppress these reactions.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute have identified K-homology splicing regulatory protein (KHSRP) as a regulator of the innate immune response. Depleting KHSRP improves immune signaling and reduces viral replication, suggesting that drugs inhibiting the protein may have therapeutic value.
A study by Boston University School of Medicine researchers has identified common and unique patterns of protein synthesis associated with increased longevity. This discovery could lead to the development of new therapeutic targets for human diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease.
A team of researchers has identified a common regulatory grammar in islet cells that affects the activity of Regulatory Factor X, a master regulator involved in gene expression. Many Type 2 diabetes-linked DNA changes disrupt this grammar, leading to a range of health problems.
The new ENCODE centers will use cutting-edge technology to define the functions and gene targets of regulatory sequences, which play a major role in diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and autism. Scientists aim to identify crucial regulatory elements that control gene expression and cell behavior.
The National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) has announced $4 million in funding for biotechnology risk assessment research. This funding will support the development of science-based evaluations for genetically engineered organisms, including plants, animals, insects, and microorganisms.
Scientists at the Salk Institute have discovered key molecular conductors in plant stress responses, enabling a better understanding of how plants cope with environmental hardships. By controlling these conductors, researchers can potentially develop new technologies to optimize water use in plants and help agriculture adapt to drought.
Scientists identified noncoding mutations that disrupt cooperative function of 'gene families' in Hirschsprung's disease, a rare genetic disorder. The study suggests that dysfunctional gene networks may influence other complex diseases, such as cancer and diabetes.
Columbia researchers have identified 41 key genes that may contribute to gum disease, offering a promising approach to developing individualized treatments. The study's findings could lead to new compounds that target specific genetic pathways involved in the disease process.
Scientists discovered over 930 genetic differences in rats with an abuse disorder, pointing to regulatory regions influencing memory and reward behavior. These findings strengthen our understanding of the genetic basis of alcoholism and may lead to future treatments.
Researchers have made breakthroughs in understanding how mosquitoes' cells develop and behave using machine learning. They identified regulatory elements within the mosquito genome that could be used to control disease transmission.
Researchers at TUM and MPI have developed a method to identify active regulatory DNA regions controlling genes. This breakthrough enables scientists to study how genes are controlled in different cell types, shedding light on gene regulation and its role in diseases.
Scientists at Salk Institute create system to rapidly map regions of DNA targeted by regulatory proteins, revealing how plants control gene expression and uncovering potential role of epigenomic marks in regulation. The technique, DAP-seq, identifies thousands of binding sites across the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Researchers at Michigan State University have discovered that DNA's regulatory regions resemble a poetic language, composed of coding and regulatory elements. By analyzing variants of a key protein and applying mathematical models, the team was able to identify conserved properties in other sequences, enabling them to 'read' the genome.
Researchers have identified two novel molecular players necessary to regulate plasmodesmata in plants under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. These enzymes help control the flow of nutrients, minerals, and cellular signals between cells by altering callose levels at the plasmodesmata channel.
Researchers develop approach to understand chromatin regulators, which modify DNA to alter gene expression. They found that regulators control the probability of gene expression in a population, not just individual cells.
A University College London study suggests that lupus patients' B cells are getting signaled to become pro-inflammatory cells instead of regulating inflammation. This imbalance is linked to the lack of regulatory B cells and an overproduction of IFN-?, causing antibody-producing B cells to increase.
A study exploring GABPa gene regulator reveals its influence as a master switch in energy metabolism and human brain evolution. Key findings include enrichment of GABPa sites at genes important for unique human functions and associations with diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and breast cancer.
Scientists have discovered a mechanism by which the immune system retains a 'memory' of past infections, allowing for a quick and successful response upon future encounters. The study found that T cells leave behind imprints on chromosomes, enabling the immune system to rapidly respond to recurrent infections.
Researchers found a change in gene expression that may have contributed to the development of a weight-bearing structure in humans, allowing for bipedalism. The study identified a region in the human genome responsible for controlling armor plate size in threespine sticklebacks, which expressed higher levels of GDF6 in freshwater fish.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute created a 3D map of the human genome's DNA loops that regulate gene expression in human embryonic stem cells and adult cells. This new understanding will help scientists predict relationships between mutated elements and their target genes, leading to improved disease development insights.
The study reveals that Yakutian horses developed their adaptations in less than 800 years, making it one of the fastest examples of adaptation in mammals. The genome analysis shows that the founders of modern Yakutian horses entered the region with Yakut horse-riders in the 13-15th century AD.
Researchers at EMBL and Stanford University mapped three-dimensional interactions between enhancers and promoters, revealing new insights into gene regulation. The study sheds light on how genetic variants control gene expression and disease predispositions.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have identified two proteins, SATB1 and ZDHHC2, that appear to protect neurons from degeneration in Parkinson's disease. These proteins were found to be more abundant in dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta region, which is less affected by the disease.
Researchers have discovered that RNA-binding protein ROQUIN regulates the stability of thousands of mRNA molecules, including those involved in cellular inflammation and stress responses. By binding to these mRNAs, ROQUIN influences the activity of the key mediator NF-kappaB, which is essential for regulating gene expression.
A Penn study found that natural genetic differences in DNA sequence can determine how an anti-diabetic drug works, shedding light on personalized approaches to treating diabetes and related disorders. The research suggests that genetic variations can affect drug response, which could lead to more effective treatments.
University of Delaware researchers have identified two genes linked to cataract formation. Deficiency in these genes leads to lens clouding and cataract development without aging or radiation exposure required. The study could contribute to interventions that delay or prevent cataract formation.
A new report recommends that Congress authorize the development of nationally scaled genomic data systems for patient safety, public health, and scientific advancement. The authors argue that existing regulatory resources are insufficient to assure patients of maximal benefits from genomic testing.
McGill researchers have discovered a key epigenetic regulator controlling hippocampus development, which has implications for intellectual disability, Alzheimer's disease, and human brain development. The study sheds new light on the interaction between epigenetic control and neural stem cells.
Researchers at Yale University have identified thousands of genetic 'dimmer' switches that drove the evolution of the human brain. These regulatory elements show increased activity in humans compared to rhesus monkeys and mice, highlighting unique features in the cerebral cortex.
A survey of genome-edited crops reveals many may not be subject to current GMO regulations due to advanced genetic engineering techniques. Bioethicists propose new models for regulation to address social issues associated with such crops.