Articles tagged with Human Genome Sequencing
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The new T2T reference genome adds nearly 200 million base pairs of novel DNA sequences, including 99 genes likely to code for proteins. This completes the first truly complete sequence of a human genome, covering each chromosome from end to end with no gaps and unprecedented accuracy.
Researchers have completed the first complete sequence of a human genome, providing new information on genetic variation and its impact on diseases. The study, led by Johns Hopkins University scientists, reveals over a million previously unknown genetic variants.
Scientists have successfully sequenced an entire human genome, filling in gaps that were previously unknown or difficult to read. The achievement marks a major breakthrough in understanding the complexities of human genetics and has the potential to reveal new insights into evolution, disease, and adaptation.
Researchers fill in gaps in Human Reference Genome, discovering repetitive sections are a major source of human variation and genetic diversity. The Telomere-2-Telomere project reveals complex architectural features with significant consequences for understanding human evolution and biological function.
The T2T consortium's completed human genome has shown significant improvements in DNA sequencing accuracy, correcting tens of thousands of errors and revealing millions of genetic variations. This new reference genome can support the analysis of over 200 genes of medical relevance, potentially propelling research into genetic disorders.
A new study from Mayo Clinic and Baylor College of Medicine found that targeted genomic information can significantly impact drug prescribing practices. By applying drug-gene testing, clinicians can identify nearly every patient as a potential candidate for preemptive testing, particularly for drugs with unknown genetic influences.
Researchers propose a new method to compare genetic contaminations and detect biases in scientific studies. By evaluating six tools, they provide guidance for choosing the most appropriate algorithms for specific applications.
A research group at the University of Helsinki has discovered the logic controlling gene regulation in human cells. They found that individual transcription factors contribute to gene regulation in an additive manner and identified regulatory elements that function within closed chromatin regions.
A new DNA benchmark, developed by NIST and collaborators, enables more accurate detection of genetic variants linked to diseases such as spinal muscular atrophy. The benchmark, based on HiFi sequencing technology, helps labs and clinics sequence genes with high accuracy, critical for disease diagnosis and treatment.
A new ultra-rapid genome sequencing approach helps diagnose rare genetic diseases in an average of eight hours, revolutionizing clinical care. The technique, developed by Stanford Medicine scientists, achieves a diagnostic rate of approximately 42%, significantly higher than the standard rate for diagnosing mystery diseases.
The Sanford Children's Genomic Medicine Consortium has initiated a whole genome sequencing research project to investigate undiagnosed illnesses in children with suspected inborn errors of immunity. The study aims to sequence the genomes of up to 25 patient genomes and learn information that can benefit patients and others.
Researchers have introduced a new tool, Giraffe, that can efficiently map new genome sequences to a 'pangenome' representing many diverse human genome sequences. This approach allows for a more comprehensive characterization of genetic variations and reduces mapping bias.
Experts debate whether newborn genome sequencing should be routine, with some arguing it can save lives and be cost-effective. A phased rollout is advocated, with genomic information disclosed sequentially at appropriate ages. The rollout requires data quality improvement and informed consent.
Researchers developed EDS-HAT, an AI-powered system combining machine learning and whole genome sequencing to detect clusters of similar infections in real-time. The system identified 99 clusters of infections and prevented potential transmissions in 65.7% of cases, saving the hospital $692,500.
Researchers developed an integrated framework combining single-cell and metagenomics to characterize microbes. The approach showed higher accuracy and precise binning, revealing more bacterial genera and intra-species diversity.
A team of researchers has identified a previously unknown condition, 'Zaki Syndrome', affecting children worldwide and discovered a potential treatment using the drug CHIR99021. The drug was able to boost WNT signals and restore development in developing fetuses, potentially preventing birth defects.
A study published in PLOS Biology suggests that machine learning models using viral genomes can predict the likelihood of an animal-infecting virus infecting humans. The researchers identified generalizable features in viral genomes that are independent of taxonomic relationships and developed models to identify candidate zoonoses.
A pilot study at Baylor College of Medicine found that genetic testing led to clinically significant findings in approximately one-third of patients. The results showed a high rate of genetically actionable issues, with implications on patient care and clinical management.
A study found that half of individuals who initially refused to receive secondary genomic findings changed their minds after receiving more detailed information. The research suggests that healthcare providers should give patients multiple opportunities to make and revise their choice.
Researchers successfully recovered a human environmental genome from the BIII layer of the cave of Satsurblia, dated 25,000 years ago, without skeletal remains. The analysis revealed genetic similarities with nearby cave of Dzudzuana and confirmed extinct lineage contributions to present-day West-Eurasian populations.
Research finds that unusual DNA structures, called G-quadruplexes (G4s), are preserved by natural selection and play a role in gene expression and cellular processes. G4s are more common and stable in regions with important functions, suggesting they should be considered functional elements of the genome.
Researchers compared hg19 and hg38 reference genomes using exome sequencing data from over 1,500 participants. They identified 206 genes with discordant variants, including those associated with Mendelian diseases and common disease phenotypes.
The Vertebrate Genome Project has reported first discoveries in reading the entire genome of every bird, mammal, lizard, fish, and other creatures with backbones. The project achieved near complete, high-quality genomes for 25 species, including the greater horseshoe bat, Canada lynx, platypus, and kākāpō parrot.
Researchers developed PopDel, a program that reliably identifies large deletions in thousands of genomes simultaneously. The software outperformed existing methods, detecting rare gene variants associated with healthy lipid metabolism.
A new reference dataset reflects 64 assembled human genomes, capturing genetic differences across 25 populations from around the world. This comprehensive resource enables accurate study of genetic variants and their role in disease, paving the way for personalized medicine.
Researchers have sequenced 64 full human genomes, capturing genetic diversity and enabling population-specific studies on genetic predispositions to human diseases. The new reference dataset reflects 25 different human populations and better captures genetic differences than previous composite genomes.
The sequencing of plant genomes has accelerated significantly, with over 181 horticultural species now sequenced. These advancements have provided new insights into the inheritance of traits and evolutionary aspects of various plant species, including fruit development and ripening. The data will benefit future research projects and pr...
Researchers emphasize the importance of viral sequencing in understanding the spread and evolution of SARS-CoV-2. The technique has enabled the identification of new variants of concern and insights into transmission routes, but challenges remain in collecting and integrating metadata for genetic analyses.
A Case Western Reserve University researcher is working to enhance genomic privacy protections using a $1.2 million NIH grant. He plans to identify weaknesses in the genomic data sharing network and develop more complex algorithms to protect against potential threats.
A comprehensive catalogue of human genome's molecular elements has been produced by the ENCODE collaboration, providing insights into potential regulatory regions. The resource will help all human biology research moving forward, particularly in understanding genetic variants and their functions.
The ENCODE project has completed Phase 3, providing insights into the human and mouse genomes' functional elements. The study identifies over 900,000 candidate regulatory elements from the human genome, shedding light on cancer biology and other topics.
The study reveals changes in hearing genes that contribute to echolocation, expansions of anti-viral genes, and loss of inflammation genes in bats. The high-quality bat genomes provide a genomic record of historical tolerance to viral infection and may hold the key to alleviating human ageing and disease.
Researchers at NHGRI have produced the first end-to-end DNA sequence of a human chromosome, enabling the production of a complete human genome sequence. The achievement opens a new era in genomics research and will aid in gaining a comprehensive understanding of genome function.
Researchers have completed the first end-to-end assembly of a human X chromosome, exceeding the current human reference genome in continuity and accuracy. The breakthrough was made possible by new sequencing technologies that enable ultra-long reads, such as nanopore sequencing.
Researchers at NIST developed a benchmark to detect large genetic mutations, which can be challenging to identify. The new method enables laboratories to measure their accuracy in detecting these mutations, reducing false detections and improving disease diagnosis.
Scientists have discovered over 120,000 novel human genetic variations affecting immune response, disease susceptibility, and digestion in diverse worldwide populations. These variations were inherited from Denisovan ancestors and include medically-important genes that can affect treatment efficacy.
The UCSC Genome Browser has made available the complete biomolecular code of the coronavirus, allowing researchers to study its genetic structure and potential targets for treatment. The browser's features enable zooming in and out of the genome, annotation, and collaboration tools for global research.
A large-scale comparative analysis across 76 diverse species reveals dynamic genomic changes that have allowed arthropods to thrive in various ecosystems. These changes include adaptations in digestion, chemical defense, and exoskeleton structure.
The University of California, Santa Cruz, will lead a new Human Pangenome Reference Sequence Project funded by the NIH. The project aims to generate and maintain a completely new and comprehensive reference sequence of the human genome, vastly improving current representation of human diversity and genetic variation.
The National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) has awarded $29.5 million over five years to fund two centers for advancing the human genome reference sequence. The centers will develop a multi-genome reference sequence representing 350 genomes, enabling researchers to find disease-causing variants with increased accuracy.
The Penguin Genome Consortium has sequenced high-coverage penguin genome sequences, providing an unparalleled amount of information on the genomic landscape of all living penguin species. This study reveals key insights into the evolution of life on the ice and will help predict population trends under future climate change scenarios.
Researchers identified a repeated stretch of DNA as the cause of four rare neurodegenerative diseases, including fragile X tremor/ataxia syndrome and Parkinson's disease. The discovery uses advanced DNA sequencing technology and may lead to insights into other diseases caused by similar mutations.
Brazilian and German scientists have discovered genes linked to sex differentiation in the giant Amazon fish, enabling early sexing and paving the way for genetic improvement. The research, supported by FAPESP, has significant implications for the Brazilian aquaculture industry and the conservation of this iconic species.
Researchers found large numbers of errors in publicly available genomic data, including mistakes in gene annotation that resulted in truncated or missing sequences. The errors are due to human and technological factors, such as imperfect DNA sequencing technology and confusion about protein function.
A team of researchers at the Alfred Wegener Institute identified a parasite with functional mitochondria that produce energy without its own genetic material. The Amoebophrya ceratii parasite has nearly all metabolic processes working, allowing it to thrive on its own with significantly reduced genetic material.
Researchers used HBV genome sequences to infer ancient human migration into Australia, revealing unique viral strain and geographical connections. The study adds weight to the theory of mainland Aboriginal population separation at least 59 thousand years ago.
A new study by the BabySeq project explores the effects of genetic testing on newborns, revealing unexpected risks for childhood diseases. The research also found potential links to adult-onset cancers, highlighting the importance of long-term follow-up to assess the test's efficacy.
A study by the BabySeq Project found that genomic sequencing can identify risk for childhood-onset disorders, including highly actionable conditions, in a significant percentage of newborns. The research team reported finding genetic variants associated with several heart conditions and biotinidase deficiency in infants.
Researchers analyzed 141,431 genomes from Chinese expectant mothers to discover associations between genes and birth outcomes, including twins and age at first pregnancy. The study also identified genes linked to infectious diseases, height, and body mass index.
The Wellcome Sanger Institute has completed sequencing the genomes of 25 UK species, enabling research into their biodiversity and potential for conservation. The newly-sequestered genomes will shed light on various biological phenomena, such as brown trout migration patterns and robin magneto receptors.
The koala's complete genome has been sequenced, offering unprecedented insights into its unique biology and potential health solutions. The research provides a springboard for conservation efforts and may lead to the discovery of new anti-microbial genes with human health applications.
A team of Australian and international scientists have successfully sequenced the full koala genome, providing new information on conservation efforts, disease treatment, and population diversity. The highly accurate genomic data will aid in the long-term survival of the iconic species.
New, high-quality ape genome assemblies have been generated without the guidance of the human reference genome, providing a clearer view of genetic differences that arose as humans diverged from other primates. The research team also studied brain organoids to understand how differences in gene expression during brain development might...
Geneticist Andrew Feinberg highlights the importance of combining epigenetics and genetics research to understand the impact of environmental exposures on human health. He argues that epigenetics can provide valuable insights into gene expression and its relationship with disease.
Scientists have used nanopore long-read sequencing to generate the first complete and accurate linear map of a human Y chromosome centromere. This milestone marks the beginning of a new era in human genetics and genomics, where gaps in the genome reference will no longer be tolerated.
Researchers sequenced the giant salamander genome, uncovering a family of genes that provide clues to its remarkable ability to rebuild complex tissue and resist tumour formation. The study offers new insights into regeneration and potential avenues for developing regenerative strategies for humans.
The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute has sequenced 25 new genomes of UK species, including Grey Squirrels and European Robins. The project aims to understand the biodiversity of the UK and aid conservation efforts.
Two new studies on ancient genomes provide valuable insights into the lives of our ancestors and their cousins, the Neandertals. The new genome of a female Neandertal reveals new genetic contributions to modern-day humans, including variants related to plasma levels of LDL cholesterol and vitamin D. Additionally, early modern human gen...
A study led by the University of Leicester discovered that a small number of human ancestors thousands of years ago transmitted ancient strains of the virus to individuals today. Most integrated HHV-6 genomes are intact and may be able to reactivate as viruses.
Researchers have discovered a whole genome duplication in the evolution of spiders and scorpions, suggesting they shared an ancestor over 400 million years ago. This event is thought to have led to changes in gene expression, contributing to the diversification of these species.