Articles tagged with Immune System
Researchers invent time-resolved assessment of single-cell protein secretion with sequencing (TRAPS-seq) to correlate cell functions with secreted proteins. The technique accelerates the development of new therapeutic strategies for disease treatment, including targeting mechanisms selective for cancer cells.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys have discovered a new treatment for autoimmune diseases using LY3361237, an antibody that activates BTLA to inhibit the immune system. The study provides insight into the molecular biology of the immune system and could lead to the development of more effective therapies.
UofL researchers, led by Jun Yan, will investigate the causes of immune system overresponse in COVID-19 patients, leading to severe lung disease and death. They aim to develop methods to predict, prevent or control this response with potential treatments for other conditions.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have identified how memory killer cells are formed and found a correlation between their presence in cancer tissue and improved survival rates in people with melanoma. The study suggests that harnessing the potential of these cells could lead to more effective immunotherapy.
The study found that the immune response to spinal-cord injuries is impaired in older individuals, leading to weaker cell responses and reduced recovery. The researchers identified an essential role for the meninges surrounding the spinal cord in mounting the immune response, paving the way for new therapeutic approaches.
Researchers developed a method to 'tip the balance' of immune cells from bad to good, reversing MS-like symptoms in 100% of mice and achieving full recovery in 38%. The therapy uses biodegradable microparticles to deliver three key therapeutic agents, including rapamycin and a myelin peptide.
New research from King's College London suggests that many people with depression have an activated immune response, independent of CRP levels. This finding could pave the way for more personalized approaches to treatment and management of MDD.
Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology found that MAIT cells can be tuned to fight different pathogens via their metabolism, with two distinct subtypes responding to sugar and fat. This discovery may inspire new vaccines and cell therapies to boost the immune response against specific pathogens.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine discovered that human T cells can independently control RSV replication in lung tissue, suggesting a new approach to developing vaccines. The study's findings support the development of RSV vaccines that elicit effective T cell responses to improve vaccine efficacy.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Immunology suggests that cutaquig infusions at higher infusion rates and volumes are well-tolerated and effective, with reduced infusion time, fewer injection sites, and improved compliance. The study results will be presented at the Clinical Immunology Society 2023 Annual Meeting.
Researchers at UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have found a potential therapeutic target, IL-21, to reduce endocrine autoimmune side effects from checkpoint immunotherapy. A specific group of immune cells play a central role in this autoimmune attack and blocking IL-21 prevents thyroid autoimmunity.
Researchers from Cima University of Navarra have found that inhaling menthol improves cognitive ability in animal models of Alzheimer's disease by modulating the immune system and reducing interleukin-1-beta levels. This study opens doors to developing therapies based on stimulating and training the olfactory system.
A study published in Cell Reports Medicine found that pro-inflammatory cell types dominate the intestinal mucosa of children with inflammatory bowel disease, while protective cells are underrepresented. The results provide new insights into the immunology of IBD and may lead to the development of more effective treatments.
A new study reveals a shared molecular response to nanoparticles, linking immune activation and particulate matter exposure. The findings propose a solution to the 'one-chemical-one-signature' problem in chemical safety assessment.
Researchers found that IL-6 signaling in allergen-specific T cells was needed to suppress commitment to the harmful Th2 lineage. SOCS3 upregulation by IL-6 inhibits JAK/STAT internal signaling pathway, preventing Th2 cell priming.
Researchers have sequenced the genomes of Leatherback and Green sea turtles, revealing similarities in their immune systems and evolution. The study provides clues for understanding fibropapillomatosis, a cancer affecting these species, and informs conservation efforts.
Researchers discovered that gamma delta T cells can effectively combat triple-negative breast cancer by targeting stress-induced molecules and phosphoantigens. Counteracting metabolic changes with zolendronate makes immunotherapy more efficient.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys have found a way to revive exhausted T cells, which are crucial for destroying cancerous cells. The new approach targets PSGL-1 protein and slows down T cell exhaustion, significantly reducing tumor growth in mice with immunotherapy-resistant melanoma.
A new study by Cedars-Sinai Medical Center finds that people with long COVID-19 produce higher levels of antibodies against the virus than those without. The elevated antibody levels persist for months longer than expected after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine, sparking further research into the condition.
Researchers propose a new theory on how cancer cells actively adapt to evade the immune system, losing and gaining tumor-associated antigens. This adaptation makes it difficult for immunotherapies to target cancer cells effectively, but may also create new vulnerabilities that can be therapeutically targeted.
Heidelberg researchers have identified key proteins that can prevent the formation of fusion pores, allowing viruses like influenza A and Ebola to be trapped in a lipid membrane. This breakthrough could lead to new approaches for preventing infections with these highly infectious viruses.
Researchers found that checkpoint inhibitors are not effective in treating relapsed aggressive lymphomas after CAR T therapy. The study involved 96 patients from 15 centers and showed only 19% response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Researchers discovered a 'cocktail' of human antibodies that show promise in fighting severe SARS-CoV-2 infections, including Omicron variants. The study revealed how the original Moderna vaccine could prompt the body to produce these broad-spectrum antibodies.
A new liposome-based method aims to kill periodontitis-causing leukotoxin while protecting immune cells, providing an alternative treatment for aggressive gum infections. The approach has potential applications against a range of bacteria and could help combat antibiotic resistance.
A team of researchers has discovered that a naturally produced chemical in the body helps glioblastoma cells go unrecognized by the immune system. The findings could lead to the development of new and more effective treatments for this aggressive brain cancer.
Research reveals that immune cells employ tactile sensing and mechanical force to advance their evolution, enhancing antigen recognition and memory diversity. This active process allows the immune system to adapt to new challenges while being plastic and adaptive against future threats.
Researchers uncover how HIV enters human bodies via dendritic cells using Siglec-1 membrane protein; formation of nanoclusters enhances capture, leading to virus compartment formation. Understanding this process can aid in developing effective treatments for HIV/AIDS.
Researchers found an exceptional number of unknown viruses in the faeces of 647 healthy Danish one-year-olds, representing more than 200 families of yet to be described viruses. These viral species likely have a major impact on whether children develop various diseases later on in life.
Research discovers how cancer cells evade immune system detection and metastasize in the body. Pre-metastatic cells and exhausted CD8+ cells are identified as key players in this process. The study explores ways to target these pathways and activate immune responses to block metastasis.
A team at UC San Diego developed a biodegradable polymer system to treat rheumatoid arthritis by working with the immune system. The method uses encapsulated all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) that transforms disease-causing cells into regulatory T cells.
Researchers found that infected mosquito saliva contains molecules called sfRNAs that can blunt the body's immune response. These molecules are injected during the mosquito bite, making it more likely for people to become infected with dengue virus.
Researchers found that a combination of IL-22 and IL-1R inhibitors could be a promising treatment for inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The study suggests that targeting both pathways may lead to more effective treatment outcomes.
Researchers found centenarians have distinct immune cell type composition and activity, enabling them to recover from disease and live exceptionally long. These findings provide a foundation for investigating mechanisms of immune resilience contributing to extreme longevity.
Research suggests that high doses of sucralose can lower activation of T-cells, an important component of the immune system, in mice. This finding could lead to a new way of using sucralose therapeutically to help dampen T-cell responses in patients with autoimmune diseases.
A UCalgary study found that a healthy gut microbiome can prevent deadly hospital infections in critically ill patients. The research showed that the gut microbiota and immune system work together to fight infection, with abnormal gut bacteria increasing the risk of severe infections.
A new study of over 200 people with premature aging syndromes caused by abnormally short telomeres suggests that chromosomal instability may not be the reason for increased cancer risk. Instead, immune system cells that age and die prematurely may play a role in cancer predisposition.
Researchers have discovered that Shigella bacteria can infect humans but not mice due to differences in the shape of a key protein, gasdermin-B. The protein has six different forms, and some isoforms cause cell death while others do not, explaining why Shigella is unable to infect mice.
A recent study published in the journal Immunity has shed light on the immune response to parasitic worm infection, revealing a critical role for T cells and macrophages. The research team identified specific signaling molecules that control the development of tissue-resident macrophages, which are essential for eliminating the infection.
A study published in Journal of Hepatology found that some patients with chronic hepatitis B can achieve sustained immune control by discontinuing antiviral therapy after four years. This suggests a potential cure for the disease, which affects an estimated 350 million people worldwide.
An international project aims to discover modifiable cellular and molecular pathways of the developing infant immune system to improve infant vaccine responsiveness and prevent respiratory disease. By analyzing infants' immune systems from birth to five years old, researchers hope to identify biomarkers that predict vaccine responsiven...
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have developed a high-resolution view of the LCMV glycoprotein, revealing its structure and potential vulnerabilities. The breakthrough enables the development of an engineered antibody that can prevent LCMV disease, offering a new route to treatment.
Researchers have developed a novel probe, CDg18, to selectively dye M2 macrophages, which are associated with cancer progression. This breakthrough enables real-time monitoring of macrophage reprogramming in cancerous tissues, holding promise for new cancer treatments.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute have discovered a key role for autophagy in controlling intracellular infections like TB. By boosting this natural process, they hope to create new treatments that can combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Researchers have found a potential treatment for osteoarthritis by targeting the GP130 immune receptor, which causes hyper-inflammation in joints. The new compound R805/CX-011 showed promising results in animal studies, reducing joint pain and stiffness, and may lead to Phase 1 and 2A clinical trials.
A protein called PI3K plays a crucial role in immune cell function, and genetic variations disrupting its signalling have been identified as the root cause of two immunodeficiency disorders. The study reveals how minor disruptions in immune cell signalling can lead to immune deficiency or dysfunction.
A study published in Gut journal found that COVID-19 patients experienced gastrointestinal symptoms more frequently than non-infected patients. The research also discovered a higher incidence of irritable bowel syndrome among infected individuals, with symptoms lasting up to 12 months after hospitalization.
Researchers at CZ Biohub SF and UCSF create high-resolution map of human immune response to P. falciparum, revealing why durable malaria vaccines have been hard to come by. The study uses sophisticated method to analyze antibodies' binding patterns to parasite proteins, offering insight into how malaria evades the immune system.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered an immune cell in women with pancreatic cancer that blocks the immune response, leading to poor survival. The study identifies a specific protein FPR2 as a potential therapeutic target for immunotherapy in women.
Researchers found that migratory birds can restore several parameters of their immune function during stopovers, not just to refuel. This discovery suggests that these short breaks are essential for the birds' overall health and immune system.
An international team of researchers has received $3 million to study how early gut development shapes children's health. They will collect tissue samples from diverse groups to understand the impact of environment, genetics, and other factors on gut development.
Researchers at Linköping University found that C-reactive protein has a beneficial function in systemic lupus erythematosus, reducing interferon activity and promoting milder disease. The study's findings suggest new treatment strategies to reduce immune complexes and elevated interferon levels.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital tested a new nasal monoclonal antibody treatment, Foralumab, which decreased inflammatory markers and lung inflammation in patients with COVID-19. The treatment also showed similar effects in multiple sclerosis patients, suggesting its potential use for treating other diseases.
A biological messenger called interleukin-33 (IL-33) plays a crucial role in maintaining cytotoxic T cells' 'marathon runner' state, allowing them to provide sustained immunity against chronic infections. This finding has implications for improving treatment of hepatitis C and cancer immunotherapy.
A study found that a commercial water purifier may have caused Mycobacterium abscessus infections in 4 cardiac surgery patients due to chlorine depletion. The hospital's water system was contaminated via municipal water, emphasizing the importance of monitoring and preventing mycobacteria.
A study published in Brain, Behavior and Immunity found that pregnant women with anxiety have higher levels of cytotoxic T cells and different immune marker activity compared to those without anxiety. This suggests a biological link between anxiety and the immune system during pregnancy and postpartum.
Researchers discovered a new personalized immunotherapy combination that treats aggressive forms of advanced prostate cancer. By blocking PD-1-expressing macrophages and Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation, the therapy significantly improves response rates in PTEN-deficient cancers.
Researchers at Arizona State University describe an innovative therapy using transient expression in tobacco plants to produce a monoclonal antibody against SARS-CoV-2. This class 4 mAb provides key advantages over existing treatments, including mutation resistance and universal protection against emerging variants.
CHOP researchers have identified variants of a chaperone molecule that can enhance the loading of peptides across different HLA types, which could be used in cell therapy and immunization applications. The study found that chicken-derived TAPBPR proteins can react with multiple HLA allotypes and stabilize the empty MHC-I groove, boosti...
A recent study published in Immunity found that skipping breakfast can lead to a decline in immune cells and an increased risk of heart disease. The research showed that fasting triggers a stress response in the brain, which negatively affects immune cells.
A new Australian study found fundamental differences in how the AstraZeneca and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccines impact the immune system, with some people receiving more effective protection than others. The study revealed a potential explanation for the connection between the AstraZeneca vaccine and blood clotting cases.