Articles tagged with Endocrine Glands
A study published in Science reveals that microglia and the protein RANK are involved in regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, which controls fertility. The research found that suppressing RANK expression led to distorted reproductive function, including reduced sex hormones and hypogonadism.
The ESE and ESPE have launched a landmark Joint Clinical Practice Guidance to support structured and effective transition of young people with endocrine conditions. The Guidance provides practical, evidence-based recommendations to ensure continuity, safety and quality of care during this critical phase in a patient's life.
The European Society of Endocrinology is launching a new campaign to raise awareness about the importance of hormone health. The #BecauseHormonesMatter initiative aims to improve public understanding of hormones and promote practical steps for better hormone health, following the success of last year's campaign.
A study found that intimate physical contact reduces cortisol responses, while oxytocin administration promotes wound healing. This integration of relationship dynamics and neurohormonal modulation may lead to future interventions for improved health and recovery.
A new Alliance trial is exploring the effectiveness of a combination of targeted therapy and immunotherapy for patients with advanced adrenocortical carcinoma, a rare and aggressive cancer. The study aims to improve disease control and quality of life for patients with limited treatment options.
The European Society of Endocrinology has released the EndoCompass Research Roadmap, a major new initiative to align research efforts and improve funding strategies for hormone-related health challenges. The roadmap identifies specific research needs across eight endocrine specialties and five cross-cutting areas.
Researchers compared CECS and EES techniques for treating giant and irregular pituitary tumors. The study found that CECS resulted in a higher gross tumor removal rate (66%) and lower postoperative bleeding rates compared to EES.
Research reveals individuals taking oral steroids for over 3 months are 6 times more likely to be diagnosed with adrenal insufficiency than those treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Long-term users of inhaled steroids also face increased risk without hospitalisations.
Researchers found that antlions have a highly effective and complex venom system, producing multiple venom proteins and digestive enzymes to overpower large and defensive prey. Unlike previously thought bacteria-assisted venom production, antlions are free of bacterial symbiotic partners.
A recent study published in JAMA found that transgender women on hormone therapy have drastically lower PSA levels, which may lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. The researchers analyzed Veterans Health Administration records and recommended caution when interpreting PSA values in transgender women.
Researchers have identified a novel target downstream of parathyroid hormone signaling that suppresses bone formation. Gprc5a negatively regulates osteoblast proliferation and differentiation by partially suppressing BMP signaling, potentially increasing teriparatide effectiveness in non-responding patients.
The duo won the competition with an image of an astrocyte cell expressing type 2 deiodinase, a thyroid hormone-amplifying enzyme. Their work highlights the importance of thyroid hormone in brain development and neuron function.
The Joint Guideline provides guidance on diagnosing and treating GC-AI, a condition affecting at least 1% of the global population. The guideline aims to improve patient care and outcomes worldwide.
Researchers identified 187 bHLH genes in Limonium bicolor, analyzing their characteristics and expression patterns to understand salt gland development. The study found that overexpression of a specific bHLH gene negatively regulates salt secretion and resistance.
Researchers developed a machine-learning model to assess prostate cancer biopsy samples, overcoming limitations of traditional methods. The new model, nnU-Net, provides accurate 3D segmentation of glandular tissue structures, leading to better prognostic analyses and potential improvements in patient outcomes.
A recent study published in Hypertension reveals that aldosterone-producing adenomas are composed of multiple cell types that work together to promote tumor growth. The research identified two distinct cell fates involved in hormone production, with cells expressing genes associated with aldosterone synthesis and cortisol production.
A new study found that the gut microbiota plays a significant role in prostate inflammation in aging men, particularly those with metabolic syndrome. The researchers discovered a strong relationship between IL-6 and IL-18 expression and lipid parameters in the prostate tissue of men with BPH + MetS.
Researchers highlight the need for effective treatment strategies for adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck, which is a highly malignant tumor with variable localizations. Proton therapy shows decisive advantages in long-term survival rates for ACC.
The study reveals that the midgut gland of Japanese scallops is a valuable source of fucosylated heparan sulfate, exhibiting anticoagulating and neurite outgrowth-promoting activities. Fuc-HS shows resistance to GAG-degrading enzymes, indicating its unique structure with a fucosyl group attached to GlcA.
Researchers found a peptide from venomous fish Thalassophryne nattereri that controls lung inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. The molecule, TnP, inhibited cytokine production and prevented mucus-producing cell hyperplasia, making it a potential candidate for treating asthma.
A study of over 43,000 adults found that parathyroidectomy has no estimated effect on long-term kidney function in older adults. However, early treatment may preserve kidney function in patients younger than 60 years old.
In a groundbreaking study, researchers at Eötvös Loránd University have found that gland cells in Drosophila melanogaster can remove defective secretory particles as early as the secretion process begins. This discovery sheds new light on crinophagy, a previously understudied process crucial for maintaining cellular quality and function.
Researchers have successfully isolated parathyroid stem cells and maintained them in lab as organoids for an extended period. These patient-derived parathyroid organoids (PTOs) closely mimic human parathyroid tissue, enabling the study of parathyroid diseases and drug development.
Researchers deciphered the diversity and evolution of nerve and gland cell types in sea anemones, revealing common progenitor populations and conserved regulatory mechanisms. The study highlights a remarkable ability of sea anemones to maintain neural balance throughout their lives.
Beetles of the genus Lagria have evolved specialized 'back pockets' to store symbiotic bacteria, which are then relocated to reproductive organs during metamorphosis. The mechanism behind this process is not yet fully understood.
A study led by Kyoto University researchers found that modulating hormone levels can improve meibomian gland disorder, a common cause of dry eyes. Topical administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) boosted NAD levels and rebooted 3-HSD activity in mutant mice, alleviating dryness.
Research published in PLOS ONE found that flat-faced breeds like Neapolitan mastiffs and English bulldogs are disproportionately affected by the condition. The study suggests that breed-specific characteristics may contribute to the development of cherry eye.
A study on a beetle species reveals how two distinct cell types form a specialized gland for making and secreting defensive compounds. The findings suggest that the gland's evolution was driven by coevolution between the cell types, leading to the creation of a functional secretion with adaptive value.
A groundbreaking technique allows researchers to study the unique venom production of a wide range of venomous animals, including scorpions, fish, and the platypus. This non-lethal approach provides new insights into how animals produce venom and opens up possibilities for discovering new drugs.
A new study found that daily phthalate exposure may lead to 100,000 premature deaths among older Americans each year, resulting in a $40 billion to $47 billion annual economic burden. The study suggests a link between phthalate exposure and increased risk of heart disease and early death.
Researchers identified cell diversity in embryonic salivary glands through single-cell transcriptome analyses, revealing early establishment of transcriptional identities. The study provides comprehensive descriptions of molecular signatures defining specific cellular landmarks.
A new study found that female Stenophylla lobivertex praying mantises have an advanced pheromone gland protruding from their bodies, releasing a unique pheromone to attract mates. This adaptation may be crucial for the species' survival, particularly in rare cases with low population density.
Researchers from Niigata University used 3D imaging to analyze the morphology of the human uterine endometrium and adenomyotic lesions. The study reveals a unique plexus network structure in the basal glands, which is detected in all samples regardless of age or menstrual cycle phase.
Researchers found that the genetic foundation required for oral venom to evolve is present in both reptiles and mammals. Salivary gland tissues in mammals display a similar pattern of gene activity as snake venom glands, suggesting an ancient functional core shared since the two lineages split hundreds of millions of years ago.
Scientists have successfully grown miniature human tear glands in a lab, allowing them to study how cells produce tears and what goes wrong. The model has promise for identifying new treatments for patients with tear gland disorders, such as dry eye disease.
Researchers have created stem-cell-derived organoids that can produce mature tear products, shedding light on the biology of crying and dry-eye disease. The organoids can be transplanted into mouse tear glands and form functional duct-like structures, revealing new insights into potential treatments for Sjögren's syndrome.
A recent study published by Mariana Muñoz-Romo found that odor-producing glands are present in male bats, attracting reproductive females. The research also highlights the importance of timing and chemistry in bat mating systems.
A new paper in Cell Reports breaks down the details of how salivary glands collectively produce proteins found in saliva. The study identifies which proteins are produced by each type of gland and shows that individual cells within a single gland can secrete different proteins.
Researchers discovered venom glands in the mouth of caecilians, a type of limbless amphibian, which release a secretion into prey during biting. This is the first time such glands have been found in amphibians, and it suggests that caecilians can be venomous.
Researchers observed Small-banded Kukri Snakes dissecting Asian Black-spotted Toads alive, removing organs to consume. The snakes may have evolved this tactic to avoid being poisoned by the toad's toxin.
Researchers discovered a mechanism by which schistosomes, parasitic worms infecting over 200 million people, evade the host's immune system. The parasite's esophageal gland mediates this protection, allowing it to survive and feed without being destroyed by immune cells.
Researchers from Utah State University and Butantan Institute report the discovery of oral venom glands in amphibians, specifically caecilians. These glands, similar to those found in snakes, are thought to have evolved as an early defense mechanism against predators.
Researchers have found snake-like venom glands in the ringed caecilian, a limbless amphibian, which may indicate an early evolutionary design of oral venom organs. The discovery suggests that caecilians could be the oldest land-dwelling vertebrates with oral venom glands.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center discovered that nearly all cells in the prostate gland contribute to its regrowth after androgen-deprivation therapy. Luminal cells acquire stem-like properties without hormone influence, leading to implications for prostate cancer treatment and potential therapeutic strategies.
Researchers identified three key chemicals used by male lemurs for attracting females, which are linked to testosterone levels. In contrast, when females were presented with these individual odors or a neutral control, they showed no increased interest.
Researchers identified three compounds responsible for the sweet scent, which increased females' attraction during breeding season. The findings suggest that these compounds act as pheromones, potentially influencing mating success.
A study published by the Endocrine Society found that patients with diabetes are more likely to lose meibomian glands in their eyelids, which may be a sign of elevated blood glucose levels. This could lead to a new biomarker for diagnosing diabetes and tracking average blood glucose levels.
Snakes' toxin production adapts to new diet source, maintaining predator defense. The Japanese colubrid snake Rhabdophis tigrinus accumulates bufadienolides from fireflies after switching from frogs and toads.
Researchers created snake venom glands as organoids, producing biologically active venom peptides. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient and cost-effective production of antivenom, addressing a pressing medical need.
Researchers have developed a method to grow snake venom gland cells as organoids, producing active toxins. The lab-grown mini glands can be grown from multiple species and maintained indefinitely, holding promise for reducing the devastating impact of snakebites.
Scientists have uncovered key regulatory candidate genes for hypericin biosynthesis in St. John's Wort, a plant with medicinal properties. The study provides unprecedented insight into the development of dark glands and associated biosynthetic pathways.
Scientists have identified two types of gastric isthmus stem cells with different roles and characteristics in the upper and lower glands. The discovery was made through a joint research project involving South Korea, Austria, and the UK, using advanced techniques such as single-cell transcriptional analysis.
A Stanford-led study reveals that once Helicobacter pylori colonizes a pitlike gland in the stomach, it becomes difficult for other strains to dislodge it. The findings raise questions about the effectiveness of probiotic approaches and hint at potentially effective ways to deal with life-threatening H. pylori strains.
Researchers discovered that H. pylori exploit a specialized niche within gastric glands to maintain stable bacterial reservoirs. This allows the bacteria to serve as stable populations and prevents incoming bacteria from establishing themselves.
Researchers at Penn State have identified a unique elastomeric protein called resilin in the pygidial glands of carabid beetles that protects them from their own toxic chemicals. This discovery has significant implications for the development of new barrier materials and tissue engineering applications.
A study found surgery to remove the thymus gland improves clinical outcomes and reduces immunosuppressive medications for up to five years. The procedure may also result in significant healthcare savings, with reduced hospitalizations and medication costs.
Scientists successfully grew three-dimensional salivary gland tissue that produced saliva in mice, paving the way for potential treatments for patients with failing organs. The research used embryonic stem cells to create an organoid, a simplified three-dimensional tissue that resembles a real organ.
Floral scents have been attracting pollinating insects and other animals since the mid-Cretaceous Period, providing olfactory excitement to these ancient creatures. The study found that modern and ancient flowers of the same lineages produced similar essences, suggesting a long history of floral fragrance production.
Researchers found that immune cells called neutrophils may be disrupting the moisturizing glands of the eyelid, causing dry eye. The study suggests that inflammation is a common cause of Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and could lead to new treatment strategies.
The Guidelines on Business and KBAs provide steps for businesses to actively safeguard biodiversity and avoid contributing to its loss. Businesses are recommended to adopt 15 guidelines to better manage their impacts on places deemed critical for species and ecosystems worldwide.