Articles tagged with Fungi
A study found that fungal oxalic acid (OA) regulates the extracellular domain (ECD) of CERK1 through site-specific deamidation, impairing chitin-triggered plant immunity. This mechanism enables fungal pathogens to suppress host defenses.
The increasing use of unregulated psilocybin mushrooms poses a pressing need for public education, potency testing, and age-specific risk assessment. Existing clinical data are insufficient to guide harm reduction or policy, highlighting the need for real-world research on psilocybin use.
Researchers found that fungal species from warmer sites in Baltimore had lighter pigmentation and greater heat resistance compared to cooler sites. This study suggests that urban fungi may be adapting to higher temperatures, potentially leading to new disease-causing pathogens like Candida auris.
Researchers from Ohio State University have developed shiitake-based devices that can act as organic memristors, a type of data processor. These devices demonstrated similar reproducible memory effects to semiconductor-based chips and showed potential for creating low-cost, environmentally friendly brain-inspired computing components.
An international team has discovered 30 novel fungal lineages using eDNA long-read sequencing techniques, shedding light on the unknown diversity of eukaryotic organisms. The researchers developed innovative taxonomic approaches to describe and communicate these unseen microeukaryotes.
Researchers discovered that stinkbug females possess a novel symbiotic organ on their hindlegs, which nurtures specific fungi that provide physical defense against wasp parasitism. The fungus-covered eggs exhibit lower parasitism rates, highlighting an impressive example of evolutionary adaptation.
A new study by Boston University researchers examines the impact of urban environmental stressors on tree growth and ecosystem services. The study found that urbanization disrupts the tree microbiome, leading to a loss of symbiotic relationships and an accumulation of pathogens, which can have negative effects on human well-being.
A study on Aspergillus oryzae found that increased cell volume and nuclear number contribute to its high enzyme production capacity. The fungus's hyphae thicken, resulting in a tenfold increase in cell volume, while the number of nuclei per hyphal cell also rises tenfold.
Researchers Prof David Julian McClements and Prof David L. Kaplan propose hybrid foods as a solution to reduce industrial animal use's carbon footprint and boost health. The authors emphasize the need for collaboration to optimize protein combinations balancing nutrition, taste, sustainability, and affordability.
New research reveals fungi's deep timeline, dating back 1.4-0.9 billion years, which influenced ancient terrestrial ecosystems and shaped the evolution of life on land. The study uses rare genetic 'gene-swap' clues to overcome the fungal fossil record gap.
Researchers have found a fungus, Marquandomyces marquandii, that can grow into hydrogels with unique structural properties, such as high water absorption and elasticity. These properties make it a potential candidate for biomedical uses like tissue regeneration and flexible wearable devices.
A study has identified a novel photomorphogenetic factor BcAMT1 that regulates light-dependent development in Botrytis cinerea. The findings suggest that BcAMT1 plays a crucial role in mediating the effects of light on fungal morphogenesis.
Researchers found 270 genera of fungi in Beijing subway stations, with dominant species varying by season and station type. The study highlights the importance of considering fungi in public health initiatives and air quality management.
Researchers discover two distinct methods for producing psilocybin in mushrooms, one in Psilocybe species and another in fiber cap mushrooms. The finding sheds light on convergent evolution and the unique biochemical strategies employed by fungi to produce the same molecule.
Researchers identified 27 species of bacteria and fungi that collectively increase the risk of pancreatic cancer by 3.5 times. The study analyzed saliva samples from 122,000 healthy individuals and found that boosting the mouth's microbiome may protect against cancer.
Researchers discovered that a specific gene disruption led to the change in color, allowing the fungus to conserve energy. This process, called relaxed selection, is common among organisms adapting to dark conditions, influencing food security and health.
Researchers found 148 fungi-associated genetic variants linked to 9 fungal taxa and associated with chronic disease risk. The study sheds light on the human genetic determinants of the mycobiome, a previously understudied group of gut microorganisms.
Researchers have successfully increased the susceptibility of Candida albicans to drug treatment through light-activated therapy. Combining photodynamic inactivation with antifungal amphotericin B reduced fungal growth by up to 87.5% and demonstrated potential as an alternative to combat antimicrobial resistance.
Researchers found that MtABCB1 plays a crucial role in promoting arbuscule development during AM symbiosis. The protein's auxin efflux activity is essential for modulating auxin distribution and homeostasis within symbiotic cells.
A new study found that global climate conditions affect the spore traits of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, influencing their survival, spread, and interaction with plants. The research provides insights into the environmental adaptations of microorganisms, which could guide soil restoration and food production.
Researchers revived historical fungal strains to understand the evolution of fungicide resistance and environmental adaptation in modern agriculture. The study provides critical insights into plant disease dynamics, paving the way for more sustainable agricultural strategies.
Researchers found that cultivating bread wheat with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis increases grain size and micronutrient levels, especially phosphorus and zinc. This process enhances the bioavailability of these essential nutrients in bread wheat.
Scientists have released high-resolution maps revealing 90% of mycorrhizal fungal biodiversity hotspots outside protected areas, posing a threat to carbon drawdown and ecosystem resilience. The research highlights the critical role of mycorrhizal fungi in regulating Earth's climate and ecosystems.
The study reveals diverse microbial profiles within different tumor types, with notable diversity in species composition and spatial localization. Functional effects of intratumoral microbiota on the tumor microenvironment range from immunostimulatory to protumor.
A new Korea University study provides the first species-specific health risk estimates for indoor airborne microbes based on animal toxicity data. The research determines that exposure to fungi may be unsafe even at levels below current guidelines, while bacteria are within existing regulatory limits.
Researchers from Michigan State University have discovered how Candida auris uniquely reconstructs its cell wall to survive antifungal treatments. The findings show that C. auris increases production of β-1,6-glucan to preserve structural integrity, providing a roadmap for designing more effective therapies.
Research reveals rainfall dramatically affects planktonic fungal communities in urban lakes, reducing species richness and evenness. Parasitic fungi emerge as key biomarkers, with changes in their abundance and distribution observed following precipitation.
Research led by the University of Michigan finds fungal spore seasons advancing three weeks earlier in the US over two decades due to climate change. The study reveals significant implications for both ecosystem processes and human health.
A new study reveals that natural selection is driving the evolution of resistance in ash trees against the fungal disease ash dieback. The research found that younger generation ash trees exhibit greater resistance than their predecessors, offering hope for the survival of ash trees.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science have turned a deadly fungus into a potent cancer-fighting compound. The new compound, called asperigimycins, has shown promising results against leukemia cells, rivaling FDA-approved drugs.
A new study suggests that monitoring airborne fungal spore levels can predict short-term outbreaks of flu and COVID-19 infections. High levels of fungal spores were strongly linked to increases in flu and COVID-19 cases, particularly in the fall season.
Researchers discovered that fungal enzymes cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) can efficiently degrade plant biomass, allowing for the extraction of valuable components. This breakthrough suggests a promising method for using diverse, non-edible plant biomass in biotechnology applications.
Scientists at the Stowers Institute and University of Georgia discover how Cryptococcus neoformans thrives, identifying over 300 potential targets for novel antifungal drugs. The study provides an atlas for developing new therapies to combat this lethal fungus.
Chinese researchers found well-preserved fossil fungal hyphae in a Jurassic petrified wood sample, providing the earliest evidence for this fungal group. The discovery suggests that blue-stain fungi originated during the Late Paleozoic or early Mesozoic era.
A new article published in Crop Science journal provides comprehensive information on the disease's pathology, progression, and management of large patch, a fungal disease that can compromise turfgrass health. Effective management strategies include proper mowing, fertilizing, and watering practices.
A recent study found that Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) can detect pathogens in 86% of cases, outperforming conventional microbiological tests which identified pathogens in only 67% of cases. mNGS guides treatment decisions and improves patient outcomes by detecting rare/atypical pathogens.
A study by University of Fukui researchers reveals that two adjacent gene pairs in Neurospora crassa regulate antiviral response and symptom induction via RNA editing. The findings indicate that the modification of master transcription factor genes is crucial for controlling fungal antiviral responses.
Empa researchers have developed a bio-based, biodegradable material from fungal mycelium that avoids chemical processing. The material has versatile functional properties, including emulsification capabilities, and is suitable for various applications. Its biodegradability makes it an attractive alternative to traditional materials.
The latest focus issue of Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions explores the molecular, cellular, and genomic details of cereal crop diseases, highlighting key research on plant-pathogen interactions. Groundbreaking work has advanced the field, offering new insights into disease resistance and management strategies.
Researchers have discovered that silver nanoparticles produced by the fungus Trichoderma reesei can inhibit the infection of SARS-CoV-2 in hamster lungs, reducing inflammation and viral load. The study also suggests that these nanoparticles could be used to prevent and treat other viral diseases, such as HIV/AIDS, shingles, and influenza.
Researchers have developed a building material that uses fungal mycelium and bacteria cells, which can self-repair for at least a month. This innovation has the potential to replace conventional building materials with high carbon footprints like cement, reducing emissions and promoting sustainability.
The new season of The Last of Us explores the real-life characteristics of cordyceps, including its airborne spore method of infection. Researchers like Dr. Jim Kronstad highlight the warming climate as a potential contributor to the spread of harmful fungi.
Researchers have demonstrated that certain lichen species can survive Mars-like conditions, including ionizing radiation and harsh temperatures. The study suggests that lichens could potentially survive on Mars despite high doses of X-ray radiation.
A recent study published in MDPI reveals that plants, fungi, bacteria, protists, and even some viruses employ venom-like mechanisms to solve critical problems. The research expands our understanding of venom beyond animal organisms, highlighting its broader evolutionary significance.
Researchers discovered that fungi construct a lace-like mycelial network that moves carbon outward from plant roots in a wave-like formation. The team used advanced robotics to measure traffic flows and resource trading in the fungal road system, shedding light on how these networks regulate ecosystem function.
Soil microbial diversity decreases in alpine pioneer community degradation, while ecosystem functions initially increase before declining. Fungal communities are more vulnerable to environmental changes than bacterial ones.
Researchers at Kobe University found that some orchids have stopped photosynthesis and become parasites feeding on fungi, boosting their nutrient budget without ceasing to employ photosynthesis. The study reveals a clear link between parasitic behavior and improved plant vigor.
Researchers discovered that many marine fungi isolated from Hawai'i's nearshore environment have the ability to degrade plastic. The team then conditioned these fungi to consume polyurethane and other types of plastics more efficiently. By studying their adaptability, scientists hope to develop new solutions for cleaning up oceans.
A comprehensive global study reveals pesticides are a major contributor to the biodiversity crisis, affecting over 800 species of plants, animals, fungi, and microbes. The research highlights the need for policies and practices to reduce pesticide use, including regenerative agriculture and Integrated Pest Management.
A new study led by University of Oxford suggests that plants are more likely to be eavesdroppers than altruists when tapping into underground networks. The study found that it is unlikely that plants would evolve to warn other plants of impending attacks, instead finding that plants may signal dishonestly to harm their neighbors.
Researchers at Michigan State University, along with citizen scientists and their truffle dogs, have discovered two new species of truffle. The newly named Tuber canirevelatum and Tuber cumberlandense were identified through DNA analysis and have aromatic compounds found in valuable truffle species. These discoveries could lead to incr...
A team of food scientists is developing tempeh products from chickpeas and peas to offset the health risks of a Western diet. The new fermented foods may help with obesity, fatty liver, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. Preliminary research suggests they are high in fiber and low in fat.
Researchers at PolyU have invented a ground-breaking self-powered mechanism to eject freezing droplets, enabling cost-efficient and promising technological applications. The discovery uses spring-like elastic pillars to accelerate ejection velocity and enlarge kinetic energy transformation of freezing droplets.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science have discovered a previously unreported enzyme that catalyzes the creation of cyclopentachromone-containing compounds. This breakthrough could potentially lead to the development of new pharmaceuticals for treating cancer and inflammation.
Researchers have developed a biotechnological process to break down and remove the matrix from carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs), recovering valuable chemicals. Genetically modified fungi feed on benzoic acid produced during breakdown, yielding the compound OTA with potential medical applications.
Researchers identified five fungi species with toxic effects against the bacterium, which disrupts cellular levels of thiols essential for bacterial survival. The findings support a strategy for developing treatment-shortening drugs by targeting biological processes maintaining thiol levels.
Colombian researchers create novel mycelium-based biocomposites by cultivating Ganoderma gibbosum on agro-industrial residues. The resulting biocomposites exhibit tailored physical-mechanical properties, enabling sustainable and renewable materials production.
Scientists at the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology have successfully created luminous wood by combining fungal threads with hardwood. The process involves a two-stage enzymatic reaction that stimulates the production of luciferin, emitting green light from the treated wood.
A new study reveals that a type of lichen, Lepraria, has genes for sexual reproduction, defying decades of scientific assumption. The discovery opens up new avenues for research into the mysterious reproductive habits of these unique organisms.
Researchers at Kyushu University develop a novel technique for building complex 3D microfluidic networks using plant roots and fungal hyphae in silica nanoparticles. This bio-inspired method enables the creation of intricate biological structures, opening new opportunities for research in plant and fungal biology.