Articles tagged with Gender
The most selective US universities have nearly closed the gender gap in physics, engineering, and computer science degrees, while less selective institutions have seen it widen. Women's representation in these fields is approaching parity at highly selective universities.
The C-Path initiative aims to generate drug development solutions that reflect each person's unique experience, leveraging diverse data and innovative technologies like AI and digital health. GEM-PD seeks to address unmet need in Parkinson's disease therapies by focusing on sex and gender differences.
Financial stress can lead to abusive supervision, with men being more susceptible due to societal expectations of control. However, women also experience abuse but less frequently. Supportive leadership and social networks can counteract negative effects.
A study of 19,259 university students from 48 countries found that parental leave policies influence perceptions of social norms for equal childcare division among mothers and fathers. The degree to which participants believed childcare should be equally divided was stronger when parental leave was available in their country.
A cross-sectional study reveals a significant risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors among autistic transgender and gender-nonconforming US college students. The study emphasizes the importance of providing targeted support to address this issue.
A study by University of Michigan researcher Chris Emproto found that 94% of minerals are named after men, while just 2.8% are named after women. The researchers analyzed nearly 6,000 mineral names and found that growth in the proportion of women among new minerals named for people stalled decades ago.
A new study analyzed data from over 700 Swedish children, finding associations between gender nonconformity and autistic traits, behavioral difficulties, and peer relationship problems. Higher levels of nonconforming play were linked to increased behavioral challenges in both sexes.
A study of over 250,000 American employees found moderate positive vocational interest fit across gender and ethnicity, but considerable differences observed regarding education. Employees with higher educational attainment showed greater vocational interest fit, particularly among women.
A recent study by Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT found that women's empowerment is associated with improved child nutrition, health, and education. The research shows that empowered women contribute to fewer underweight and wasted children, as well as improved household dietary diversity.
A new study by Lancaster University highlights that women are more likely than men to experience 'digital overload' and burnout due to their greater use of digital technologies in both work and family lives. The research emphasizes the need for gender-egalitarian work-from-home arrangements and policies to address this issue.
A new study highlights the importance of friendships in supporting young people who self-harm, while also considering the potential negative impact on friends' own mental wellbeing. The review recommends that adults should extend support to young people who disclose a friend's self-harming behavior.
The Tulane University-led COBRE will investigate biological sex and gender differences to improve medical outcomes, focusing on differences in autoimmune diseases, pneumonia infections, and treatment responses. The center aims to develop sex-specific miniaturized models of human tissues and organs to study disease progression.
Research emphasizes the impact of parental factors on offspring's health outcomes. The study discovered a significant association between parents' weight status at 17 and their children's risk of obesity. This finding suggests that health issues can be inherited across generations, with parental characteristics playing a crucial role.
A new commentary in JAMA explains the benefits and barriers of CMS' recommendations to incorporate sexual orientation and gender identity questions into Medicaid applications. The guidance aims to improve health equity by collecting self-reported SOGI data from 88 million adults enrolled in Medicaid, but limitations include non-represe...
A new Australian study reveals widespread cyberbullying and sexual harassment in the esports industry, particularly affecting cis-gendered and trans-gendered women players. The study found that professional gamers are exposed to hostile behavior, which affects their mental health.
The Cass Review found inadequate evidence for puberty blockers and hormones in children, yet many US professional bodies stand by their recommendations. The review calls for a more holistic approach to care, but its impact has been largely ignored in the US.
A recent study published in the British Journal of Surgery found that hospitals with a higher proportion of female surgeons and anesthesiologists had better post-operative outcomes for patients. The study suggests that a team diversity threshold of 35% female members is crucial for optimal performance.
A new study by NYU researchers reveals that English learner status is just one factor influencing high school graduation rates, with social identities like race and gender playing a significant role. Young women who learned English in school are more likely to graduate than young men, while Black students tend to have better four-year ...
A new study reveals a significant positive association between conformity to masculine gender norms and symptoms of muscle dysmorphia, including clinical risk for the condition and lifetime anabolic-androgenic steroid use. The research found that specific masculine gender norms like self-reliance and emotional control were most strongl...
A study of 175 national and elite female athletes found that opinions on transgender athlete eligibility differ according to sport and level of competition. The majority (58%) support biological sex categorization, while a large majority (81%) believe sporting bodies should improve inclusivity for transgender athletes.
Respondents to a survey on genital tucking express a need for more open discussions with healthcare providers. The majority of respondents (70%) say they would feel comfortable having this discussion, suggesting that education and empathy are key.
A landmark issue explores strategies for promoting gender equality in academia, enhancing rigor in the study of sex-related variables, and supporting transgender researchers. The special content discusses the past, present, and future of research on sex and gender.
A Japanese study published in JACC: Asia found that women with depression are at a greater relative risk of developing heart-related negative health outcomes compared to men. The study identified sex-specific factors contributing to the increased CVD risk and emphasized the need for targeted prevention and treatment strategies.
A review suggests that psychiatrists should prioritize alleviating the sequelae of gender minority stress to promote resilience in TGD individuals. The authors emphasize the importance of individualized, culturally responsive care and educate clinicians to address unique challenges faced by this population.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found that socioeconomic status consistently underlies other factors affecting opportunities for girls to participate in sports. Higher family socioeconomic status increased the likelihood of girls playing most sports, while lower-income schools had a negative impact on participation rates.
A recent study of over 7,000 Australian adults found that reported marital harmony and conflict account for nearly 10% of mental health self-assessments. Financial difficulties and demographic factors also contribute to variation in mental health scores.
A study found that most people in Britain and the USA choose white men as their heroes, with women and people of color often being overlooked. Only 1 in 4 Britons and 1 in 5 Americans said they had a heroine, highlighting a persistent gap between prominent white male heroes and forgotten heroines.
A new large national study of collegiate student-athletes in the US finds no sex difference in concussion recovery, with similar recovery patterns on cognitive function, symptoms and mental health. Women reported more problems with eye and inner ear function after injury, but there was no significant delay in return to play.
A new study found that women's success as leaders in family businesses is deeply rooted in how employees interpret their leadership style, with a focus on inclusive and supportive cultures. Women can leverage their business's commitment to learning and open-mindedness to support entrepreneurship, but face biases in nonfamily firms.
Despite improved living conditions, sex differences in personality, verbal skills, and negative emotions are larger in countries with higher standards of living. Women tend to benefit more from these improvements, exhibiting greater altruism and cooperative ability, while men show better cognitive skills but at a smaller advantage.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine argue that post-Gender Affirming Surgery (GAS) regret is rarer than believed, citing limited evidence-based studies. They advocate for using scientific data to define and address post-surgical regret in diverse populations.
A study found that viewers' perceptions of Facebook users differed from users' self-perceptions, with multimedia views being more accurate than text-only views. The findings highlight the importance of understanding online self-presentation and impression formation.
A national Australian astronomy centre achieved gender parity in just five years by implementing evidence-based strategies and creating a supportive culture. The Centre's program reached a tipping point when there were 40% women in leadership positions, resulting in accelerated student enrolments by women.
The COVID-19 pandemic and drug overdose epidemic significantly contributed to the widening gender gap in US life expectancy. Chronic metabolic disease and mental illness are also thought to play a role in the growing disparity.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that people with high body mass indexes (BMIs) do not pose a significant risk for postoperative complications following chest masculinization surgery. Despite this, BMI was still used to determine eligibility for the procedure in many cases.
A survey of 34,000 healthcare professionals found that nurses have higher implicit bias towards transgender people, with more likely to conflate sex and gender identity. Healthcare professionals reported less personal connections with transgender individuals than non-healthcare professionals.
A comprehensive analysis of retention in academia reveals that women faculty are leaving academia at a higher rate than men, especially after receiving full professorship. The study found that harsh workplace climates, including harassment and feelings of not belonging, were the most common reason for women's departure.
A study by Dr Veronica Lamarche discovered that equal consumption was more important than levels of drunkenness in perceiving consensual sex. Hook-ups where one partner is drunker are more likely to be seen as non-consensual, coercive, and dangerous.
A study by Michał Gulczyński reveals a strong relationship between population density and sex ratios, indicating imbalanced marriage markets in rural areas. The researcher found that men tend to outnumber women in rural areas due to gender-specific migration patterns.
A systematic review found conversion practices affecting approximately 1 in 10 sexual and gender minority populations, with significant variations across countries, racial groups, and sex assignments. The study's results highlight the need for increased awareness and support for individuals experiencing these practices.
A recent study found that households headed by single women of color in Brazil are four times more likely to experience food insecurity compared to those headed by married white men. The researchers argue that policies addressing gender equality, antiracism, and family considerations can help reduce poverty and hunger.
A mixed methods study of 53,246 patients and 56 clinicians found that gay and lesbian patients, cisgender women, and doctors' sociodemographics are linked to higher odds of documented sexual history. Conversely, older patients, long-term relationships, and non-English primary languages are associated with lower odds.
Microglial cells age differently in male and female mice, with female microglia displaying a 'middle-aged' phenotype and male microglia switching suddenly to an aged phenotype. The researchers identified key genes and mechanisms contributing to this aging process, including the role of aged-like microglia in cognitive decline.
A randomized clinical trial found immediate testosterone therapy significantly reduced gender dysphoria, depression, and suicidality in transgender and gender-diverse individuals. The study included 64 participants and compared immediate testosterone therapy to no treatment.
A commentary suggests that governments should consider publicly funding minimally invasive procedures, such as hair removal and facial injectables, to support transgender and gender diverse individuals. These procedures are already recommended by the World Professional Association for Transgender Health Standards of Care Version 8.
A new study by Tel Aviv University reveals that people tend to attribute more attractive appearances, pleasant scents, and agreeable voices to strangers they anticipate interacting with. This phenomenon is attributed to our innate desire for a socially and physically gratifying environment.
Researchers compared absorbency of 21 menstrual hygiene products using human red blood cells, finding that menstrual discs held the most blood, while super-absorbency period pants held the least. The study highlights the need for more research on menstruation to improve diagnostic accuracy and care for women.
A new study found that state restrictions on gender-affirming care for transgender youth significantly increase drive times for seeking necessary treatment. With over 25% of gender clinics located in restricted states, existing clinics may struggle to meet the demand from out-of-state patients.
Researchers investigated whether people rate women's and men's soccer differently based on player gender. They found that biased perceptions of female athletes' talent and toughness exist, affecting how we perceive their performance quality. The study suggests that women's soccer hasn't yet reached its full economic potential.
The Las Kellys collective has constructed its identity through solidarity and resistance, uniting hotel room attendants and other feminized and precarious workers in Spain. Their strategy has led to increased media attention, public debate, and political repercussions, shedding light on the poor working conditions faced by these workers.
The initiative aims to improve data collection methods on researchers' racial and ethnic dimensions. It seeks to overcome obstacles, including sensitive data that may be leaked, to promote structural changes and impact in the research ecosystem.
A study in Pakistan found that coworkers who date report being ostracized and sabotaged by colleagues. Romantic relationships can impact work performance and job satisfaction.
A study found that LGBTQ+ and feminist activists support adding a gender-neutral 'X' marker to state IDs, as well as removing sex and gender markers altogether. The study also revealed that conservative gender activists are unlikely to support these changes, citing medical and safety concerns.
A nationwide VR research project is working to create diverse groups of participants to reflect real-world social dynamics. The Virtual Experience Research Accelerator (VERA) aims to provide researchers with access to large, reliable, and diverse groups for various VR research projects.
A research team at Göttingen University analyzed data from over 1,000 prehistoric burials in Europe, finding that 10% of individuals did not fit the binary norm. The study suggests that non-binary persons were formally acknowledged and protected in prehistoric societies.
A study by UOC researchers found that Spanish courts impose milder punishments and lower compensation amounts when a victim's partner or ex-partner is accused of rape. In cases involving intimate partners, only 22% of rulings mentioned this as an aggravating factor, leading to milder sentences.
A recent study published in Brain found that stress increases Alzheimer's risk in female mice by elevating amyloid beta levels, while male mice do not exhibit this effect. The researchers identified a cellular stress response pathway in brain cells that is active in females but not males.
A first-of-its-kind study has estimated that transgender women taking estrogen are at a higher risk for prostate cancer, with 14 cases per 10,000 people. The study found disparities in diagnosis rates among different racial groups.
A new UCLA study identifies sex-specific brain signatures associated with obesity in men and women, revealing differences in brain networks related to early life adversity, mental health, and sensory stimulation. The findings suggest the need for tailored interventions based on an individual's sex.
Research highlights gaps in knowledge about the relationship between gender and energy, limiting policymakers' actions and exacerbating inequality. Women's access to finance, education, and household bargaining power can increase adoption of efficient cooking technologies and cleaner fuels.