Articles tagged with Urine
New biomarkers have been discovered to improve the diagnosis and monitoring of lupus nephritis, a severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. The study identified six novel urine biomarkers that can detect even low concentrations of proteins in the urine.
Researchers developed nanosensors that can be inhaled and detected in urine, offering a potential alternative to CT scans for early lung cancer detection. The diagnostic system shows high specificity and sensitivity in detecting stage 1 or 2 lung tumors.
Researchers identify microbial enzyme bilirubin reductase that converts bilirubin into urobilinogen, causing urine's yellow color. The discovery sheds light on the gut microbiome's role in ailments like jaundice and IBD.
A multicenter observational cohort study found that cannabis exposure was associated with a higher risk of small-for-gestational-age birth, medically indicated preterm birth, stillbirth, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The risk was particularly pronounced among those who continued to use cannabis beyond the first trimester.
A study published in the Journal of Internal Medicine found that SARS-CoV-2 infection may worsen lower urinary tract symptoms in men. The research involved 17,986 men with medication for LUTS, half of whom had COVID-19, and showed a significant increase in urine retention, UTIs, and enlarged prostate issues.
A study published in Diabetologia found that daily dark tea drinkers had a 53% lower risk of prediabetes and a 47% reduced risk of type 2 diabetes compared to non-drinkers. Drinking dark tea may help improve blood sugar control by increasing glucose excretion in urine and reducing insulin resistance.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Kidney Diseases found that lower uromodulin levels are associated with a higher risk of developing end-stage kidney disease. Participants who experienced steeper declines in uromodulin also showed an increased risk of kidney failure.
Over 75% of hospitalized AKI patients lack proper follow-up kidney health testing after discharge. Less than 25% have kidney function monitored with blood and urine tests within 90 days of discharge.
Researchers found that urine levels of adenine are predictive and causative biomarkers of looming progressive kidney failure in patients with diabetes. An oral therapeutic drug showed promise in mice by reducing kidney adenine levels and protecting against diabetic kidney disease.
A promising molecular diagnostic tool uses a single biomarker to detect primary bladder cancer in patients with hematuria, showing high sensitivity and accuracy. The noninvasive test offers advantages such as shorter turnaround time and efficient analysis of results.
Researchers developed an innovative optical tool, the Schistoscope, to capture microscopy images of urine samples for efficient detection of Schistosoma haematobium eggs. A two-stage diagnostic framework using deep learning accurately identified and counted eggs in field settings with high sensitivity, specificity, and precision.
A Michigan State University study found that women with endometriosis have higher cadmium levels in their urine compared to those without the diagnosis. The researchers analyzed data from over 41,000 participants and found a significant link between urinary cadmium concentrations and endometriosis prevalence.
A study from Aarhus University reveals that PCSK9 regulates a receptor in the kidneys controlling protein excretion, leading to potential new treatment strategies for patients with kidney overloads. The researchers hope to further investigate the use of PCSK9 inhibitors in treating kidney diseases.
Researchers have identified a biomarker called CXCL-9 that can be used to diagnose acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (AIN), a condition causing inflammation of the kidneys. The biomarker can be detected via a simple urine test, potentially reducing the need for kidney biopsies.
Researchers have developed a technology to capture and release cell-free DNA from urine using nanowire surfaces, successfully detecting IDH1 mutation in glioma patients. This method opens possibilities for the detection of other tumor mutations and could revolutionize cancer diagnosis.
The USC Stem Cell team is developing artificial kidney organoids using human stem cells and synthetic biology. They aim to create a functional kidney that resembles the real thing in function but not in form.
A study of 14,400 febrile infants found that SARS-CoV-2 infection reduces the prevalence of urinary tract infections, bacteremia, and bacterial meningitis, particularly among infants aged 29 to 60 days. These findings suggest alternative management strategies for certain febrile infants testing positive for SARS-CoV-2.
A University of Houston team has discovered new biomarkers for early detection of bladder cancer, including D-dimer and IL-8, which may identify disease progression. The study's findings could lead to a simple urine test as the new standard for bladder cancer diagnosis.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers found that certain biomarkers in urine and blood can predict the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). Higher levels of KIM-1, MCP-1, and TNFRI were associated with a increased risk of CKD progression.
Researchers investigated perspectives of Black patients on shared decision making (SDM) during medical appointments. They identified preferences for humanistic communication, the need for doctors to account for family members' roles in decision-making, and a growing mistrust in doctors. The study's findings offer insights for adapting ...
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine discovered that bacteria causing vaginal infections can also be present in men and transmitted through heterosexual sex. The study found that only men who reported having vaginal sex carried the bacteria, with detectable presence for at least two months after intercourse.
A recent study published in Communications Biology used thermal imaging to capture the social dynamics of 'pee-shy' mice, revealing that males adjust their urine marking behavior based on their past interactions. The research provides insight into how animals manage their social signaling, a crucial aspect of their survival and evolution.
A study found that healthy adult men with vaginal sex have a unique bacterial community in their urethra, with a core community supporting health and a secondary group more commonly found in the vagina. Vaginal sex has lasting effects, reshaping the male urinary-tract microbiome and increasing bacterial variation.
The study reveals that more than 70% of patients developed urinary tract infections caused by endogenous E. coli strains from their own gut microbiota. The researchers also found that non-lactose-fermenting E. coli strains, less common in other countries, were present in the gut microbiota of some patients.
Researchers found that urine-diverting toilets expelled fewer virus particles than traditional toilets during flushing. The study simulated an average excretion event from a sick person and estimated viral emissions for different types of toilets.
A University of Houston engineer has made a groundbreaking discovery that could improve pharmaceuticals by controlling the growth of ammonium urate crystals. By manipulating tautomers, researchers found that a small fraction can control crystal growth, potentially preventing crystallization and related health issues.
Researchers developed a new device to identify key membrane proteins in urine indicative of brain tumors. This could lead to early detection and increased survival rates for patients.
Researchers modified an algorithm to detect urinary tract infections (UTIs) in primary care settings, removing microscopy features that weren't available. The new algorithm performed well and suggests withholding antibiotics from low-risk patients to reduce antibiotic overuse.
Researchers found that nitrified urine fertilizers, such as Aurin and CROP, can be used safely and productively in agriculture. The study tested these fertilizers on cabbage cultivation, with results showing yields comparable to conventional fertilizer products.
Researchers discovered that urinary tract infections can arise after sterile tubes are inserted into the urinary tract, even when no bacteria are detectable beforehand. This study suggests that screening patients for hidden reservoirs of dangerous bacteria could supplement infection-control efforts and help prevent deadly infections. B...
A WVU engineer has developed a technology that can treat urine on site rather than at a centralized wastewater treatment facility, allowing for the recovery of nitrogen as a valuable fertilizer. The approach enables quick treatment and promotes the reduction of nutrient discharge into lakes and rivers.
Researchers from the Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology have identified three metabolites as potential biomarkers for individual coffee consumption. These biomarkers could help determine the health value of coffee by objectively verifying coffee consumption levels.
A study by the Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research found that cheetah marking trees serve as hotspots for communication among multiple mammalian species. These trees were visited more frequently by some species, such as black-backed jackals and warthogs, suggesting they gain important information from the scent marks. In co...
A team of scientists has identified three new biomarkers for detecting the consumption of emerging synthetic cannabinoids like OXIZID. These biomarkers will facilitate work by drug enforcement agencies worldwide in monitoring OXIZID abuse, enabling more accurate identification of abusers and potentially preventing overdoses.
Researchers identified formic acid as a sensitive urinary biomarker for early-stage Alzheimer's disease, which could lead to large-scale screening programs. The study found that formic acid levels correlate with cognitive decline and can predict disease stage when combined with blood-based biomarkers.
A California study of 99,000 pregnancies found that prenatal cannabis use was more common in areas with greater retail availability of cannabis. The study suggests a larger absolute increase in prenatal cannabis use among those living closer to storefront retailers during the pandemic.
A new technique analyzing urine extracellular vesicles can detect changes in the kidneys earlier than conventional methods and predict renal function decline. This method has the potential to develop new urine tests that can catch the disease earlier, as well as similar tests for other diseases.
Researchers have developed a method that uses urea from urine to trigger the production of proteins in bacteria, replacing costly 'inducer' molecules. The new system produces similar quantities of protein as standard methods while being cheaper and easier to use, opening up new avenues for biotech industries.
A UC Riverside-led study found that acute THS exposure initiates mechanisms of inflammatory skin disease and elevates urinary biomarkers of oxidative harm. The researchers discovered elevated molecular biomarkers in blood associated with early-stage activation of contact dermatitis, psoriasis, and other skin conditions.
Researchers have used single-cell sequencing to uncover novel gene expression patterns in injured kidney cells, providing new avenues for biomarker discovery and treatment. The studies reveal that epithelial cells of all tubule segments are involved in the injury processes, with distinct molecular patterns across patients.
Researchers have developed a new labeling technique to analyze exosomes from specific cell types, providing insights into their role in both health and disease. The technique allows for the identification of protein cargo and RNA in exosomes, enabling the study of cellular communication and potential monitoring of response to treatment.
The study investigated the effects of combined endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on liver function and metabolic homeostasis in mice models. Significant changes were observed at high EDC exposure levels, including liver weight increase, lipid buildup, and elevated blood glucose levels.
Researchers identified lipopolysaccharide-responsive and beige-like anchor protein (LRBA) as a crucial regulator of aquaporin-2 water channels in the kidneys. The study found that LRBA interacts with PKA to facilitate AQP2 activation, maintaining water homeostasis and preventing polyuria.
A Mayo Clinic study found that diets rich in calcium and potassium can help prevent recurrent symptomatic kidney stones. Patients who experienced a first-time stone were more likely to experience recurrence if their diet was low in these nutrients.
A Rutgers study found that a Yoga of Immortals mobile app significantly improves urinary incontinence symptoms in people practicing for four weeks. The app-based intervention engages the pelvic floor and specific energy centers, leading to reduced frequency and severity of urine leaks.
A Rutgers researcher contributed to a National Institutes of Health study confirming a link between phthalate exposure and increased risk of preterm birth. The study examined data from 6,045 pregnant women in the U.S., finding that higher concentrations of phthalate metabolites were associated with slightly higher odds of preterm birth.
A review suggests that women timing their intercourse with urine-based hormone tests can increase their chances of conceiving. The study found that timed intercourse resulted in a 20-28% chance of pregnancy, compared to 18% for spontaneous intercourse.
A cross-sectional study found significant differences between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and directly measured GFR (mGFR), highlighting the importance of considering uncertainty in eGFR calculations. Researchers suggest renaming eGFR as a population average GFR to improve accuracy.
Researchers have discovered a unique biochemical profile in severe asthmatic patients, which could lead to more effective treatments. The study found a decrease in carnitine metabolism in severe asthmatics, playing an important role in cellular energy generation and immune responses.
Researchers at the University of Houston have identified blood biomarkers predicting heart disease in lupus patients and urine biomarkers for diagnosing kidney inflammation in children with lupus. These findings hold promise for early preventive measures and improved treatment outcomes.
Scientists have discovered that certain metals found in people's urine could be potentially useful clinical biomarkers for the early detection of acute kidney injury (AKI). The study, which was led by experts from the University of Nottingham, found that concentrations of these metals rose in urine within an hour after cardiac surgery ...
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that more than 70% of primary care physicians reported prescribing antibiotics to treat asymptomatic bacteria in urine tests, defying medical guidelines. This practice can lead to adverse health effects and contribute to antibiotic resistance.
Male mice exhibit increased stress hormones and decreased pain sensitivity when near pregnant or lactating females, which is linked to a specific olfactory signal. This finding has significant implications for improving experiment reliability and represents a breakthrough in mammalian social signaling.
The NTU team has developed a process using industrial carbide sludge and urea to create biocement, which can strengthen soil, reduce water seepage, and even repair rock carvings. The biocement-making process generates fewer carbon emissions and requires less energy compared to traditional cement production methods.
A flexible sensor embedded in a diaper measures multiple components in urine, sharing results over Bluetooth for fast bedside analyses. The technology has potential to provide quick and painless urinalysis for incontinent, elderly or infant patients.
A team of researchers has identified two transcription factors, AP-2α and AP-2β, that regulate distinct segments of the distal nephron in the mammalian kidney. The study sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying urinary concentration and its implications for treating kidney diseases.
A new study found that dogs and cats are exposed to potentially toxic aromatic amines in their homes, which have been linked to cancer. The chemicals were detected in over 38% of urine samples from pets, with cats showing higher concentrations than dogs.
Researchers have created a 'worm-on-a-chip' device that uses roundworms to detect lung cancer cells, showing 70% accuracy. The device could potentially help doctors diagnose cancer at an earlier stage non-invasively.
Researchers at Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf developed a laboratory-based model of acute kidney injury (AKI) using three-dimensional kidney organoids. They treated the organoids with a toxic substance to replicate processes such as inflammation and cell death, which are common in kidney diseases.
Researchers found that impaired kidney function is preferentially associated with cardioembolic stroke in a large cohort of patients. Low filtration rates and high urine protein levels predicted increased risk of cardioembolic stroke, disability, and mortality.