Articles tagged with Messenger Rna
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Scientists in Germany developed a new analytical method to precisely elucidate the size of particles, structure, and RNA molecules in pharmaceutical products. This information can help evaluate product quality, enabling improved development of new products.
Researchers have developed a mineral coating that maintains mRNA activity for up to six months at room temperature. This breakthrough enables the storage of mRNA therapeutics like COVID-19 vaccines on medical shelves, bridging the gap between rich and poor communities.
A team of researchers at Hokkaido University has discovered a new role for 4.5 SH RNA in mice, which plays a crucial role in regulating alternative splicing and may be the first identified member of a new class of regulatory RNAs.
A new stem cell treatment using mRNA technology from COVID-19 vaccines has shown promise in regenerating liver tissue, potentially reversing chronic and acute liver diseases. The treatment stimulates the natural repair mechanism of the liver by activating specific receptors on stem cells.
Researchers have identified a sequence within therapeutic mRNAs that causes unintended immune responses and found a way to correct these errors. By designing 'slip-resistant' mRNAs, the team aims to produce future mRNA vaccines with improved safety and efficacy.
An mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination before vs. during pregnancy and omicron infection among infants study found that maternal vaccination during the antenatal period was associated with a lower risk of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants up to six months of age.
The study found co-administration of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine with the seasonal influenza vaccine to be effective in preventing COVID-19 and flu-related outcomes. This may improve vaccination uptake for both vaccines.
A study of 142,000 live births found that maternal mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy was associated with reduced risks of severe neonatal morbidity, neonatal death, and intensive care unit admission. No increase in hospital admissions or readmissions up to age six months was observed.
A primary mRNA vaccine series offers significant protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in Singaporean children aged 1-4. The study found a low incidence of hospitalization and severe illness, but highlights the potential benefits of vaccination in preventing infection and sequelae.
Researchers developed a new base modification, Z-mRNA, that demonstrates low immunogenicity and reduced cytotoxicity compared to unmodified mRNAs. The modified mRNA can induce a substantial immune response and has potential therapeutic applications beyond COVID-19 vaccines.
A team from Tokyo Medical and Dental University has developed a technique to improve bone regeneration over large areas in rats, using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Runx2. The combination of these two RNAs led to better regenerative responses in bone cells than each RNA alone.
Researchers detected distinct RNA patterns in healthy and preeclampsia-affected pregnancies, identifying messenger RNA, microRNA, and long noncoding RNA as potential biomarkers. The study developed classifiers for predicting preterm and early-onset preeclampsia with high accuracy.
Researchers identified OBOX genes as master regulators of zygote genome activation, enabling the newly formed embryo to develop according to its own genetic program. The study found that these genes facilitate Pol II locating to the correct genes, allowing for the activation of transcription factors and subsequent development.
Molecular biologists Ruslan Afasizhev and Inna Afasizheva have discovered the architecture of molecular machines involved in RNA editing in a disease-causing parasite. This understanding could potentially help treat African sleeping sickness, which is usually fatal and has limited treatment options.
Studies showed mRNA vaccines provided long-term immunity against severe COVID-19 outcomes in cancer patients. The study found waning immunity after up to 4 mRNA vaccine doses, highlighting the need for booster shots.
Researchers have developed a method to produce highly active mRNA vaccines at high purity using a unique cap to easily separate the desired capped mRNA. This 'Purecap' technique extracted up to 100% pure Cap2-type mRNA, which showed improved protein production and lower immunostimulatory activity.
A prospective study of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines found progressively declining immune functions in individuals with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The study, published in PLOS Medicine, showed that CLL patients experienced reduced antibody responses to the vaccines.
A German federal funding program will support a five-year research collaboration to develop specialty lipids and auxiliaries for mRNA vaccines. The project aims to enhance production capacities and improve the resilience of supply chains for future mRNA therapeutics.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a new method called single-particle profiling (SPP) to study bioparticles in health and disease. The SPP enables the measurement of thousands of particles between 5 and 200 nanometres in size, with potential applications in vaccine development and creating more effective nanocarriers.
A new research centre will focus on developing new types of RNA medicine for treating metabolic diseases. The centre, led by Professor Jørgen Kjems at Aarhus University, aims to create targeted treatments for conditions like diabetes and atherosclerosis.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in treating melanoma by adding an mRNA vaccine tailored to individual tumour genetics to common immunotherapy, significantly improving survival and disease recurrence rates. After two years, cancer-free survival increased to 78.6%, and the risk of death or cancer returning was reduced by 44%.
Researchers discovered a protein complex called FERRY that plays a crucial role in transporting messenger RNA in neurons. The study provided evidence of the transport of mRNA using Early Endosomes (EEs) and a novel mode of binding RNA via coiled-coil domains.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute found that ghrelin activates specialized nerve cells in the amygdala, promoting food consumption and conveying hunger feelings. The study uncovers the physiological processes behind feeding behavior, which may lead to novel therapeutic approaches for eating disorders.
Researchers have cloned the wheat rust resistance genes Lr9 and Sr43, revealing that they encode unusual kinase fusion proteins. This breakthrough enables new options for addressing disease resistance in bread wheat and could lead to heat-resistant versions of the Sr43 gene to adapt to climate change.
Researchers found that a mutation in RPL3L, expressed only in heart and skeletal muscle, leads to impaired cardiac contractility by causing ribosomal collisions and protein folding abnormalities. The study aims to develop new treatments for cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute found that specific start sites (TSSs) are linked to distinct end sites (TESs), shaping the RNA landscape unique to each tissue. Dominant promoters, which overrule conventional signals, drive this process and are conserved across species.
Researchers have discovered a novel feature of long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) that can serve as markers indicating specific types of tissue. This finding has the potential to lead to highly specific disease treatments by targeting diseased tissues.
Researchers from Graz University of Technology have developed a novel method for producing central components of mRNA vaccines using biocatalytic synthesis. This approach achieves a yield of 92-95% compared to 40-50% for chemical processes, making it more efficient and cost-effective.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have found that long-term memories are formed through cycles of transcription and local translation of a short-lived protein. The study provides insights into the causes of neurological disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at MIT have created a vaccine printer that can produce hundreds of vaccine doses in a day, using microneedle patches that can be stored long-term at room temperature. The printer can be deployed anywhere vaccines are needed, providing on-demand vaccine production.
The primary COVID-19 vaccines provided adequate protection against transmission, hospitalization, and death, but their effectiveness waned in the face of the Omicron variant. The study found that vaccines developed prior to Omicron's emergence were 83% effective against infection at baseline, but this decreased to 47% by 40 weeks.
A new study found that the Pfizer bivalent COVID-19 booster vaccine reduced hospitalization and death risks by 72% and 68%, respectively, in adults aged 65 years and older. The study highlights the importance of bivalent booster vaccination in high-risk populations.
A large study of over 3 million patients receiving the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine found extremely rare cases of retinal vascular occlusion. The researchers concluded that there is no evidence suggesting an association between the vaccine and newly diagnosed RVO, rates similar to those of other vaccinations.
The funding will support the development of next-generation delivery technology for mRNA vaccines and CRISPR-based genome editing. This will enable broader application of messenger RNA therapeutics, including for various diseases and immunological properties of nanoparticles.
Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine are using mRNA vaccine technology to combat various infectious diseases. A new clinical trial aims to test an mRNA-based vaccine against malaria, with hopes for a rapid adaptive response to virus evolution and the manufacture of combination vaccines.
The study found that COVID-19 mRNA vaccine effectiveness decreased with time since the last dose, while booster doses increased protection. The findings suggest that vaccination strategies should prioritize boosters to maintain protection against severe illness.
A protein complex formed of HuR and YB1 is crucial for messenger RNA stability during muscle-fiber formation. Further research could help scientists influence protein synthesis and develop novel therapeutics for muscle-related pathologies.
Axillary lymphadenopathy after a COVID-19 vaccine booster dose resolves at a mean of 102 days. Findings support follow-up intervals of at least 12 weeks to avoid delaying screening mammography for suspected vaccine-related lymphadenopathy.
A new UC Davis study has identified 194 significantly different genes in the brains of people with autism, with many linked to brain connectivity, immune response, and inflammation. The research also found age-dependent differences in genes related to synaptic function and cell loss.
The US government invested at least $337 million in critical research leading to mRNA COVID-19 vaccines before the pandemic, and $31.6 billion during it. These public investments saved millions of lives and have potential to address future pandemics and treat other diseases.
A new method developed by Flatiron Institute researchers can diagnose COVID-19 with near-perfect accuracy, even in asymptomatic patients. The technique monitors the body's molecular response to a viral attack and measures mRNA molecules to identify an immune response.
Researchers estimate transcription error rates in human cells and identify genetic and epigenetic factors responsible for inaccuracies. Inaccurate transcription produces truncated or altered proteins, leading to disease.
A new approach to boosting protein production has been discovered, which could lead to the generation of a universal booster for protein production. The breakthrough centers on Exin21, a sequence that increases mRNA synthesis and stability and protein expression and secretion.
Scientists at the University of Adelaide have constructed the first reference genome for psyllium husk, a versatile plant-derived product used to improve gut health and control blood cholesterol. The discovery will pave the way for improvements to the quality and quantity of psyllium crops.
Researchers developed a new method to quantify the structure and quality of messenger RNA (mRNA) medicines using liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and software analysis. The platform can analyze all three key components of mRNA medicines simultaneously, providing unparalleled efficiency in checking for quality.
A recent study published by The BMJ found that COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy may have benefits for both mother and baby. Two doses of mRNA Covid-19 vaccine were highly effective against delta infection, while two doses against omicron infection showed moderate effectiveness. A third dose during pregnancy also bolstered protecti...
Regulatory T cells suppress self-reactive T cells by controlling protein synthesis, maintaining immune tolerance and preventing autoimmunity. A small molecule inhibitor called RocA also shows promise in mitigating inflammatory responses.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 17 studies found mRNA COVID-19 vaccination to be associated with lower risks of SARS-CoV-2 infections, severe illnesses, and hospitalizations. While vaccination was linked to higher adverse event rates, the frequency of severe adverse events remained low.
A new approach to gene therapy for inherited blindness uses lipid nanoparticles to deliver mRNA inside the eye, targeting light-sensitive cells and creating proteins that edit vision-harming gene mutations. The technology has shown promising results in animal studies, including mice and nonhuman primates.
Smidt Heart Institute researchers have identified a way to control the natural 'fight back' response of heart cells against RNA therapies, leading to increased effectiveness. By targeting specific microRNAs, they were able to stabilize the heartbeat and boost gene expression.
Researchers discovered that RNA interference, a viral defence mechanism, also prevents overproduction of body's own proteins in intestinal cells, promoting ER quality control. This interplay is crucial for maintaining protein balance and overall intestinal health.
A systematic review of 23 studies found COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-associated myopericarditis is rare in adolescents and young adults with a low incidence rate. The condition generally has favorable early outcomes, but continued follow-up is recommended.
Researchers have developed a polymeric carrier for mRNA vaccines that reduces inflammation and maintains efficiency, potentially offering better cancer treatment options. The new carrier, tested in preclinical studies, shows promise for low-side-effect cancer therapy.
A study published in PLOS Medicine suggests that primary vaccination provides moderate protection against Omicron infection regardless of prior infection history. However, the additional benefit of an original booster dose is unclear in people who have previously experienced COVID-19 infection.
A large study from Argentina found that COVID-19 vaccines remain effective in preventing death in children and adolescents, regardless of the predominant circulating variant. The study's results show that vaccinated children had a 67% reduced risk of death related to COVID-19 infection during the omicron period.
Using an AI, researchers successfully designed synthetic DNA that controls protein production in cells. The technology can speed up the development of vaccines, drugs for severe diseases, and alternative food proteins.
Researchers at Kyoto University discovered METTL16's role in DNA repair and erythropoiesis, a process generating 200 billion new red blood cells daily. Tiny methyl groups on specific mRNAs play a pivotal role in this process, involving mechanisms mediated by RNA-binding proteins.
Researchers identified USP7 as a novel cyclin F-interacting protein that stabilizes cyclin F protein. The study also found that USP7 regulates cyclin F mRNA, with pharmacological inhibition resulting in downregulation of cyclin F mRNA.
A large study found that mRNA vaccines increased myocarditis risk in younger males, especially after the second dose. Absolute rates were low, with higher observed rates compared to expected rates.
Researchers have characterized the functional significance of DDX41 in molecular processes underlying cancer. The study reveals that DDX41 serves crucial functions in transcriptional processes, RNA splicing, and genomic integrity maintenance, which may hold significance in treating hematopoietic malignancies.