Articles tagged with Messenger Rna
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The FDA's investigation into its own oversight of clinical trials reveals a concerning lack of surveillance, leaving room for scientific misconduct. Experts argue that the agency should inspect sites more frequently to ensure data quality and integrity.
Scientists at King's College London and the University of Bath have made a groundbreaking discovery about a molecule that plays a crucial role in nerve cell development. The study found that this molecule, known as SNRNP70, is not only present in the nucleus but also in the cytoplasm of nerve cells, where it shapes messenger RNA strand...
Researchers at Hokkaido University developed a novel branched ionizable lipid that significantly increases the efficiency of mRNA delivery by LNPs. The new lipid, CL4F 8-6, was found to enhance protein expression in mice and achieve stable formulations.
A study using mRNA and miRNA expression profiles identified molecular signatures that can differentiate muscle invasive bladder cancer patients who respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy from those who do not. The research found distinct gene pathways and subtypes associated with response, which may lead to more effective treatment delivery.
A study published in The BMJ found a small increased risk of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) after vaccination against the Covid-19 virus, particularly with adenovirus vaccines. Researchers recommend considering these risks when planning future immunization campaigns and vaccine development.
A retrospective study of 26,000 patients with cirrhosis found that receiving a third dose of the COVID-19 vaccine reduced overall and severe cases by 80% and 100%, respectively. This suggests that a third dose can overcome vaccine hyporesponsiveness in patients with cirrhosis.
A study of 1,199 US essential and frontline workers found that recent mRNA vaccination with 2 or 3 doses before infection with Delta or Omicron variants was associated with attenuated symptoms and viral load. Vaccination status also influenced duration of illness and medical care seeking.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a proof-of-principle for a new universal COVID-19 treatment using nanotechnology and messenger RNA. The treatment prompts the production of an enzyme that blocks multiple variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from entering cells.
Researchers analyzed 408 patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and found no increased risk of side effects from receiving both immunotherapy and the vaccine. The study supports NCCN's recommendations for COVID-19 vaccination in people with cancer, citing strong protection against severe COVID-19 for all variants.
A research team from Würzburg has discovered a crucial mechanism in cellular growth, showing how cells regulate protein production and keep a reserve of ribosomal proteins to quickly respond to changing conditions. This finding may also shed light on the deregulation of signaling networks in different types of cancer.
A large observational study in Brazil found that mRNA boosting offers considerably better protection against COVID-19 than inactivated CoronaVac boosting, particularly among elderly individuals. The findings have immediate implications for guiding boosting strategies in countries where most of the population received inactivated vaccines.
Researchers have discovered a new pathway for producing telomerase RNA from protein-coding messenger RNA, offering potential innovations in mRNA vaccines and understanding of telomere biology. This finding has implications for reversing cellular aging and extending human lifespan.
A large US population study found that receiving a third dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine reduced the risk of hospitalization due to COVID-19 by approximately 60% compared to receiving only two doses. The association was strongest when measured within three months after booster vaccination.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a promising messenger RNA therapy for ovarian cancer, which also shows promise in treating cachexia, a muscle-wasting condition associated with cancer. The treatment uses lipid nanoparticles to deliver mRNA that triggers the production of the follistatin protein within cancer clusters.
A new study by Kyoto University found that Regnase-1 gene expression is low in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), mirroring the pathology of humans. The protein's mRNA degradation leads to PAH inhibition, offering a potential new treatment for heart failure and premature death.
A team of researchers from Ritsumeikan University in Japan has elucidated the mechanism behind the liquid-solid phase transition of FUS protein that leads to ALS. They discovered a new therapeutic target, arginine, which suppresses FUS aggregation and could delay ALS progression.
Researchers have discovered the key components in plant cells that trigger 'wartime' protein production in response to pathogens. This mechanism allows plants to rapidly produce defense proteins while balancing resources between growth and defense, a delicate process that could inform strategies for creating disease-resistant crops.
A study by Osaka University researchers comprehensively analyzed mRNA and microRNA expression patterns in the blood of patients with severe COVID-19, revealing specific mRNAs and microRNAs associated with the immune response pathway. The findings suggest that interferon-β plays a crucial role in COVID-19 severity.
A case-control study found that pregnant women with higher folate levels are at a lower risk of having children with congenital heart disease. The researchers measured red blood cell folate levels and found that those with CHD had significantly lower median levels than those without CHD.
A large Canadian study found no association between Covid-19 vaccination during pregnancy and increased risks of preterm birth or stillbirth. The study analyzed data from over 85,000 births and concluded that vaccination is effective against Covid-19 in pregnant individuals and their newborns.
A large Canadian study published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases journal suggests COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are safe to use in pregnancy. Pregnant women who received the vaccine experienced lower rates of health events post-vaccination compared to non-pregnant vaccinated individuals.
Researchers assessed the safety and adverse events of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in long-term care residents in Quebec, Canada. No significant adverse events were reported following the third dose, highlighting the vaccine's effectiveness in this vulnerable population.
A case series of six patients reported rare skin reaction complications after receiving the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. The study aims to shed light on these unusual side effects.
A study of 980,000 people found that simultaneous administration of COVID-19 mRNA booster and seasonal influenza vaccines was associated with significant increases in reports of systemic reactions. The study suggests that the combination may lead to more severe adverse events, highlighting the need for further research.
A recent study published by The BMJ confirms previous reports that myocarditis is rare but cases are highest among young males shortly after a second dose of mRNA vaccine, especially Moderna. The risk of myocarditis or pericarditis might be lower when the second dose is given more than 30 days after the first dose.
A new imaging technique allows scientists to study mRNA molecules in the brains of living mice, revealing insights into how memories are formed and stored. The research could provide new information about diseases like Alzheimer's and help understand the process of memory generation and retrieval.
A new statistical method called Association Plot facilitates the determination and analysis of marker genes in single-cell data. This allows researchers to trace back RNA molecules to their cell of origin, providing insights into cell-type specific genes.
A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that COVID-19 vaccine immunity against new infection appears to wane rapidly, whereas people with a prior-infection were moderately protected from Omicron. Natural immunity provided strong and durable protection against severe illness.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona describe a cellular mechanism that coordinates inflammation resolution, with CPEB4 protein playing a crucial role. This regulation involves the balance between pro-inflammatory TTP and anti-inflammatory CPEB4 proteins.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed a chemical-only process to create customized mRNA vaccines, offering an inexpensive and large-scale production of mRNA. The new method allows for precise molecular design and stable mRNA with improved translational activity.
A single-center study found lower pneumonia frequency and severity in fully vaccinated patients compared to unvaccinated patients. The study included 467 patients who underwent chest CT during hospitalization for symptomatic COVID-19, with significant reductions in pneumonia frequency and severity observed in those fully vaccinated.
A recent study published in The BMJ found that three doses of the same vaccine or a combination of different vaccines work equally well in preventing COVID-19 infections. The research suggests that the number of vaccine doses is key to improving immunity, rather than the combination of vaccine types.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital studied mRNA vaccine safety in pregnant women, finding no Spike protein expression in placentas. The study provides further evidence of mRNA vaccine safety, supporting expanded vaccination efforts for vulnerable populations.
A study published in AJR found that COVID-19 mRNA vaccination-induced axillary lymphadenopathy resolves after a mean of 97 days. Longer resolution times were observed with Moderna vaccination, receipt of second doses, and thicker cortical thickness at presentation.
Researchers at the University of Cologne investigated UPF3A and UPF3B proteins involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), a quality control mechanism preventing defective mRNA from being processed into harmful proteins. The study shows that both proteins have partially overlapping functions, enabling fault-tolerant activation of NMD.
State bans on affirmative action policies are associated with lower enrollment of underrepresented minority students in public medical schools. The study found a 5.5 percentage point decrease in enrollment of underrepresented students relative to control schools.
Researchers identified key chemical marks that speed up and slow down gene expression in mRNA, opening new possibilities for genetic therapies. The discovery could lead to targeted protein production with minimal risk, potentially enhancing the effectiveness of mRNA vaccines.
A large-scale study found a link between SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations and an increased risk of myocarditis, particularly among younger individuals. The study, published in JAMA Cardiology, analyzed data from Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden.
A study of 48,000 individuals found that third-dose vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with mRNA vaccines was associated with increased reporting of low-severity adverse events. However, there was no significant increase in the reporting of severe adverse events.
Scientists at the University of Bath have developed a new technique called Transcription Block Survival (TBS) to accelerate the discovery of cancer-fighting drugs. TBS identifies molecules that can shut down dangerous proteins before they wreak havoc, by blocking their interaction with cell DNA.
Researchers have developed a novel nanocarrier system that synergizes poly(l-ornithine) for mRNA protection with charge-conversion polymer for endosomal escape. This innovation enhances protein expression efficiency by approximately 80-fold, outperforming traditional PLL-based systems.
A new mechanism has been discovered that decorates the end tails of RNA molecules in a parasite causing sleeping sickness, preventing their degradation and potentially increasing virulence. This fundamental discovery opens new avenues for treatment strategies for this disease, as well as other RNA-based infections/diseases.
Katalin Karikó, a Hungarian-born biochemist, received the 2022 Vilcek Prize for Excellence in Biotechnology for her decades-long research leading to the development of safe and effective mRNA vaccines. Her work has had a profound impact on culture and society, particularly in the fight against COVID-19.
Researchers analyzed nearly 100,000 pregnancies and found no association between COVID-19 vaccination and poor birth outcomes. The study provides further evidence on the safety of mRNA vaccines for pregnant individuals.
The study found that a solid state of oskar RNP granules is crucial for localization and function in Drosophila embryos. Genetic engineering resulted in defects when granules were made liquid-like, highlighting the importance of biophysical properties.
Research in the Journal of Hepatology suggests that COVID-19 vaccines are unlikely to cause liver injury, but liver transplant patients may experience delayed care due to the pandemic. The study found that vaccinated patients with liver disease had a lower antibody response compared to healthy patients.
A new study published in Frontiers in Oncology has shown that mRNA-based Covid-19 vaccines are well-tolerated by high-risk patients with impaired immunity. The trial enrolled 566 patients and found no evidence of increased adverse events or interference with treatment, reassuring vaccine-hesitant immunocompromised individuals.
A new Phase 1 clinical trial has enrolled its first 12 participants, evaluating the safety and immune responses of three experimental HIV vaccines using mRNA technology. The study aims to understand how the immune system responds to these vaccines and gain insights into developing an HIV vaccine regimen.
Researchers mapped the molecular changes that orchestrate embryonic mouse cell differentiation into diverse cell types. The study provides a roadmap of mouse embryogenesis, which will help researchers understand the molecular programs controlling cell emergence and tissue organ formation.
A team of researchers has identified a bacterial protein called MutS2 that detects stalled ribosomes and marks them for destruction. The discovery sheds light on the fundamental process of quality control in bacteria, which may also play a role in neurodegenerative diseases in humans.
Scientists have discovered that mRNA modifications play a crucial role in the brain's reward learning process and transporting mRNAs to synapses. The study found that removing these modifications impaired flies' ability to learn essential survival skills, highlighting the importance of these modifications in animal function.
A large US study found that 92% of reported adverse events following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination were non-serious, with most side effects being mild and decreasing substantially after one day. The study also found that less than 1% of participants reported seeking medical care after vaccination.
A research team has discovered how the Covid virus reproduces itself by taking over the cell's protein factory. The team identified a specific structure in viral mRNA that allows the virus to access the ribosome and produce its own proteins, while blocking cellular production. This discovery opens up new avenues for antiviral treatments.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that the risk of immediate allergic reactions to a second dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines is low among patients who experienced an immediate allergic reaction to their first dose. The study included 1,366 patients and showed no significant increase in severe immediate reactions or anaphylaxis.
A team of scientists from Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg and the Max Planck Institute discovered the essential final step in mRNA production. The process involves 16 proteins that precisely control the structure of mRNA, which determines protein function and disease risk.
Researchers have discovered that messenger RNA can be used to regenerate bone at low doses, producing high-quality tissue with no side effects. The new method is superior to existing treatments and may not require repeat doses.
A large population-based study found that newborns of vaccinated women have similar outcomes as those of unvaccinated women. The observational design limits the interpretation of the findings, suggesting further research is needed.
Researchers have identified the impact of protein corona formation on nanoparticles' physiochemical and biological properties. This knowledge can be used to optimize carriers for nanomedical applications, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of biopharmaceutical delivery.
Researchers at MIT have developed a pill that can deliver RNA to the stomach, potentially making vaccines easier to tolerate and treat gastrointestinal diseases. The capsule is designed to release RNA in the stomach, where it can stimulate an immune response without being degraded by digestive enzymes.
Researchers at UMass Lowell are developing a production method to freeze-dry COVID-19 vaccines activated by messenger-RNA, eliminating the need for refrigeration. The innovation could ease supply chain issues and deliver lifesaving immunizations to more people worldwide.