Articles tagged with Longitudinal Studies
Researchers develop simple raisin test to forecast a child's attention and learning capacity. The test shows that premature-born toddlers are more likely to struggle with attention regulation and academic achievement.
A new longitudinal study found that adolescents' mood swings decline gradually as they get older, stabilizing by mid-adolescence. This decrease in mood variability is linked to fewer significant life events and better emotional regulation skills.
New research suggests that multiracial individuals may be healthier than minority peers who consistently identify as monoracial. Health care systems continue to use outdated approaches to racial categorization, masking health conditions and obscuring disparities in healthcare access and utilization among multiracial populations.
A new grant from the NIH will support the creation of a national chimpanzee brain resource at GW University, providing access to tissue samples, MRI scans, and data for scientists. The resource aims to promote further study of chimpanzee brains for future generations.
A new study finds that choosing a college major can significantly impact lifetime earnings, with STEM majors resulting in $700,000 to $800,000 higher earnings. In contrast, social science or liberal arts majors with advanced degrees may not see substantial increases in lifetime earnings.
A new study suggests that women's sexual identities are more flexible and adaptive than men's, with women being more likely to report bisexuality. Women who have favorable options in the heterosexual partner market may be less likely to explore relationships with same-sex partners.
Research by the University of Liverpool found that those who recognize they are overweight are more likely to experience weight gain than those unaware of their weight status. This is due to increased overeating in response to stress, making it challenging to adopt healthier lifestyles.
Researchers link positive and negative mood to daily pain in rheumatoid arthritis patients, suggesting that interventions targeting depression and momentary mood may improve pain and quality of life. The study's findings may have implications for individuals with chronic pain beyond rheumatoid arthritis.
A recent study has discovered a blood marker that can help identify women at risk for postpartum depression, a debilitating disorder affecting nearly 20% of new mothers. The oxytocin receptor marker is associated with increased risk and may enable early identification and intervention.
A recent study found that secondhand smoke exposure increases the risk of stroke by 30% for nonsmokers, regardless of other factors such as hypertension and heart disease. The study, which analyzed data from over 22,000 participants, suggests stricter smoking regulations to reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
A new study suggests a causal pathway between job strain and disturbed sleep, implying that interventions to treat sleep problems may improve work satisfaction. Higher work demands predicted subsequent sleep disturbances, while sleep disturbances also predicted higher stress levels.
The study found that out of 25 cities, five had the worst commutes in 2011, while cities like Omaha and Las Vegas had the shortest. The UC study also analyzed how commuting travel changed between 1990 and 2002 and from 2002 to 2011, providing new insights into the impact of planners' efforts on traffic congestion.
Research suggests single motherhood before age 50 is associated with poorer health in later life, particularly in countries with weak social support safety nets. Single mothers tend to be younger, less well-off, and less educated than dual-parent households.
Researchers found that kindergartners who watched 1-2 hours of TV daily were 50-60% more likely to be overweight and 58-73% more likely to be obese compared to those watching less than an hour. The study suggests limiting childhood TV viewing could help combat childhood obesity.
A new study found that people who transitioned to same-sex attraction in early adulthood reported more depressive symptoms than those whose sexual orientations did not change or changed in the opposite direction. The study highlights the need for social support during periods of sexual identity transition.
Researchers identified distinct immune changes in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), providing robust physical evidence of the disease's biological nature. The study's findings could improve diagnosis and treatment options for the debilitating disorder.
A recent study of YouTube videos involving alcohol intoxication found that these videos often juxtapose intoxication with humor and attractiveness, but rarely depict negative clinical outcomes. The videos frequently feature male characters, liquor brands, and positive sentiment, while less common are depictions of negative consequences.
A new study from Sam Houston State University reveals that approximately 2% of US youth are gang members, with involvement highest at age 14. Gangs have high turnover rates, recruiting new members constantly to replace those who leave.
Research found that teens who misperceive their weight have a 40% greater risk of becoming obese as adults. This association was strongest for boys, with an 89% increased risk of later obesity compared to those who perceived themselves accurately.
A new study from Washington University in St. Louis found that close friends can accurately predict an individual's lifespan based on their personality traits. Men rated as conscientious and women rated as emotionally stable by their friends had longer lifespans.
Researchers at UCL found that people are more successful in quitting smoking, starting exercise, or losing weight when their partner makes a change. The study of over 3,722 couples aged 50+ shows that men and women are equally affected by their partners' behavior changes.
A long-term study of civilian women found that those with more PTSD symptoms had a nearly two-fold increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that antidepressant use and higher body mass index associated with PTSD may mediate this relationship.
A research letter found that older people who felt three or more years younger than their chronological age had a lower mortality rate compared to those who felt their age or older. The study included 6,489 individuals with an average self-perceived age of 56.8 years.
Starting smoking by age 13 is linked to an increased risk of chronic severe period pain. Smoking constricts arterial blood flow and affects hormones involved in menstruation, which may contribute to the association.
A UK study of over 2,000 children found that occasional cannabis use during adolescence has no impact on educational or intellectual performance. However, frequent use was linked to marginally worse exam results at age 16.
Researchers found no link between levels of physical activity at age 14 and depressive outcomes at age 17. The study suggests that any potential benefits of exercise on mood may be small or nonexistent during adolescence. This finding has important public policy implications, highlighting the need for alternative preventive measures.
A study of over 2,200 adolescents found that those who had at least one family meal a week were less likely to be overweight or obese as adults. Regular family meals are associated with reduced odds of obesity, regardless of race or ethnicity.
The report shows an almost doubling of dementia in people with Down syndrome and significantly reduced rates of heart attack and hypertension. People with ID experience unique health challenges, including poor bone health and low physical activity levels.
A new large-scale study aims to address knowledge gaps on sexual assault survivors' health outcomes and experiences. Nine hundred women will be enrolled and followed for one year to understand physical and mental health during recovery, as well as interactions with law enforcement, the legal system, and medical care.
A study at Sam Houston State University found that gang membership typically lasts around two years, with most youth joining between ages 10 and 16. The study also identified six pathways into and out of gangs, highlighting the need for targeted prevention and intervention programs.
Researchers analyzed data from Sweden, UK, and US, finding obese teen boys earn up to 18% less than peers. The study attributes the penalty to lower cognitive and non-cognitive skills linked to obesity, bullying, and discrimination. Targeting early-life obesity could reduce socio-economic inequalities.
A new study using data from over 3000 children found that factors such as birth weight, gestational age at birth and lung function, growth and other measures at 8 years can predict lung function during mid to late teenage years. The researchers discovered that weight at birth had a small effect on lung function in teen years.
A study on Chinese adults found that obese male manual laborers experience wage disparities compared to obese female workers and professionals. The researchers also discovered that increasing body weight is associated with decreasing wages for men in certain occupations.
Researchers found that a husband's declining health increases his wife's glucose levels, while a widowed spouse only affects men's blood sugar control. Caregiving demands on married women may lead to poor eating habits and inadequate glucose control.
A Quebec study found that 77% of children placed in out-of-home care eventually reunify with their families, with the majority reuniting within 6 months. Younger children and those from low-socioeconomic backgrounds face a lower likelihood of family reunification.
A study of over 3,000 Kenyan men found that male circumcision significantly reduces the risk of acquiring HIV without leading to increased promiscuity or decreased condom use. Despite an initial increase in sexual activity, all other risky behaviors declined and condom use increased across both circumcised and uncircumcised groups.
A large-scale study found that young women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) have a higher incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes, even if not overweight. Obesity is not a significant trigger for type 2 diabetes in PCOS patients.
A new study found that eating fish, fruit, and dairy products can improve lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study analyzed data from over 2,167 participants and showed that those who consumed these foods had better lung function, less emphysema, and improved quality of life.
A new study found that physical activity is the most important factor in slowing the progression from metabolically healthy to at-risk obesity in overweight women. Over seven years, researchers identified a significant reduction in cardiovascular disease risk among those who were physically active.
Research finds that collegiate football players with a concussion history have smaller hippocampal volumes and slower reaction times compared to those without a concussion. The study suggests long-term anatomical and cognitive consequences of mild traumatic brain injury in young athletes.
A new study found that poor global QOL scores do not predict worse survival in high-risk lung cancer patients undergoing sublobar resection, contradicting prior studies. Patients with breathing problems at baseline or decline in function after surgery had poorer overall survival.
Depressive symptoms increased by 68% in young fathers over the first five years of fatherhood. Early intervention is crucial to help young men transition through this critical period and mitigate the detrimental effects on their children's language, reading, and behavior development.
The university will fund research, training, and education projects to address health disparities in this population. The center's Health Matters program has developed evidence-based tools, including peer mentoring and online resources, to promote healthy behaviors.
A new study of older men found that poor sleep quality is associated with a 40-50% increase in the odds of clinically significant decline in executive function. Sleep fragmentation and lower sleep efficiency were key predictors of cognitive decline.
A study by the University of Miami found that attributes such as physical attractiveness, personality, and grooming are associated with a greater probability of entering into a marital relationship. However, these traits do not collectively have a significant influence on forming a romantic cohabitating relationship.
A new Northwestern University study finds that excessive sitting time is a major risk factor for disability in people over 60. Sedentary behavior is almost as strong a risk factor as lack of moderate exercise.
Researchers found that older male workers are more likely to become self-employed due to a willingness to take risks and access to financial resources. In contrast, female workers may be forced into self-employment due to financial necessity, having fewer economic resources and less access to pensions.
A new study reveals that couples who perceive their spousal support as ambivalent experience higher levels of coronary artery calcification, a significant predictor of heart disease. Researchers found that this ambivalence can lead to increased stress and undermine supportive interactions in the relationship.
A study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that hearing loss accelerates brain tissue loss, particularly in regions processing sound and speech. This link highlights the importance of treating hearing loss early to reduce associated health risks.
A new study by Brigham Young University researchers found that nutritional recovery after early growth faltering can have significant benefits on schooling and cognitive achievement. Children who experienced catch-up growth scored relatively better on tests than those who continued to grow slowly.
Four years of sustained regular physical activity boosted the likelihood of healthy ageing sevenfold compared with consistent inactivity. Participants who became physically active reaped benefits, being more than three times as likely to be healthy agers.
Researchers followed 80 child synesthetes over 4 years, observing development of strong associations for around 50% of graphemes by age 7. The study also found that some children's synesthesia disappears as they grow older, likely due to changes in brain organization.
Researchers found that only 66% of participants experienced complications after undergoing bariatric surgery, with most being minor and temporary. The study's findings provide encouragement to adolescents and their families considering weight loss surgery as a treatment option for severe obesity-related health issues.
Catholic schools do not offer superior academic performance compared to public schools, according to a national study led by Michigan State University. The study found that math scores for Catholic students dropped between kindergarten and eighth grade, while public school students showed slight improvements.
Children with attention problems in first grade perform significantly lower on reading achievement scores after fifth grade compared to their peers. In contrast, second-grade attention issues have little impact on later academic performance.
A new study found that reports of shorter sleep duration and poorer sleep quality in older adults are associated with higher levels of beta-amyloid buildup, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests that treatments for poor sleep may help prevent or slow the progression of the disease.
A study by Helmholtz Munich found that increased body weight deteriorates physical health, but improves mental well-being in women. The researchers analyzed data from over 3000 people, revealing the complex relationship between body weight and overall health.
A new study finds that better-educated middle-aged Americans are more inclined to make healthy behavior changes in response to new medical conditions. The research reveals significant differences in health habits between education levels, with college graduates more likely to quit smoking and engage in physical activity.
A new study in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that patients who leave hospital against their doctors' orders are more likely to be readmitted or die. The research, which analyzed over 1.9 million adult admissions, shows that leaving hospital against medical advice is associated with a higher risk of readmission and deat...
A new Northwestern University study has found that high financial debt is associated with higher diastolic blood pressure and poorer self-reported general and mental health in young adults. Individuals with high debt reported higher levels of perceived stress and depressive symptoms, as well as worse self-reported general health.