Articles tagged with Academic Policy
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Research from Cornell University finds that charter schools have contributed to increased school segregation and a decline in residential segregation. The study analyzed over 1,500 metropolitan school districts and found a link between charter school enrollment and racial sorting among families.
A study reveals five government approaches to address COVID-19 misinformation, including disseminating accurate info, addressing commercial fraud, restricting access to info, spreading disinformation, and criminalizing expression. These tactics have varying effects on public health and human rights.
Researchers will analyze federal clean energy policy and sectoral systems to enhance their impact. The study aims to provide new technologies, institutions, and business models to avert climate change's worst consequences.
A study by University of Pennsylvania researchers found that humorously presented news clips enhance memory retention and sharing among young adults, making them more likely to engage with politics. This social nature of comedy is linked to increased brain activity related to thinking about others' opinions.
A three-year international project is investigating how political issues are framed to influence public opinion. The study will analyze the emergence of frames in various areas of political debate, including trade, immigration, and global health.
A recent study by Matthew P. Steinberg and Lauren Sartain found that classroom observation scores for Black teachers in Chicago Public Schools are driven by school and classroom factors, such as student poverty and academic achievement, rather than teacher effectiveness. The study suggests that these scores may lead to disproportionate...
A study by George Mason University and UNC-Chapel Hill found that Black teachers in Chicago Public Schools were unfairly penalized for teaching in low-income neighborhoods with disadvantaged students. Once controlling for school and classroom factors, the racial gap in scores disappeared, highlighting the need to adjust teacher perform...
The American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP) has launched initiatives to address diversity and inclusion, with a focus on overcoming microaggressions that contribute to low representation of women and underrepresented minority groups in academic leadership. Evidence-based strategies and practical solutions are being implement...
Ketian Zhang's book examines China's use of coercion in the Asia-Pacific region, highlighting its selective approach to statecraft. The study aims to provide crucial insights into peace and stability in the area.
Researchers improved Uppstroms' performance by incorporating personal and population-level social determinants of health, leading to fewer false positives. The algorithm identifies patients at risk, allowing clinicians to offer referrals to specialized services before a crisis occurs.
An international group of scientists raises concerns about a recent publication evaluating an AI system for breast cancer screening, citing restrictive data access and lack of transparency. The authors argue that protecting patient privacy should not hinder the broader research community from contributing to methodology and correcting ...
The Maydan podcast will address various topics and themes across multiple academic disciplines, appealing to both expert and non-expert audiences. A team of scholars from diverse institutions will contribute to the project, leveraging their networks and expertise.
A study led by researchers at Tufts University found that many consumers cannot accurately identify the amount of whole grains in products. The results show that consumers are more likely to choose products with misleading labels, which can lead to poorer health outcomes.
The article provides recommendations from a National Academies of Sciences report on reopening elementary and secondary schools, emphasizing partnerships with public health officials and transparent communication. The report aims to minimize risks and maximize benefits for students, staff, and communities.
A UCLA-led study found that school HPV vaccine policies in Rhode Island and the District of Columbia significantly increased vaccination rates among adolescents. The expansion of such policies could lead to higher vaccination rates and reduced cancer risk, particularly for cervical, oral, and rectal cancers.
A new analysis predicts a sharp rise in alcohol-related liver disease in the US, with over 1 million deaths projected by 2040. Reducing high-risk drinking rates could prevent 299,000 deaths compared to the status quo scenario.
New study finds Paid Sick Leave mandates increase worker absences by 4.5 percentage points, particularly among women and low-wage industries
A study by Dr. Pooja Tandon found that 33% of middle schools and 69% of high schools do not restrict phone use during these times. Limiting phone use is believed to decrease screen exposure, improve focus in the classroom, and promote physically active play.
A recent survey of NYC residents found that nearly 3 in 10 reported losing their jobs due to coronavirus. Additionally, 80% experienced reduced ability to get food they need, and two-thirds lost social connections. The findings highlight disproportionate impacts on Hispanics, lower-income city residents, and middle-aged respondents.
Terry Clower examines North Carolina community college labor market using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and private sources. His analysis assesses market-competitive salaries and wages for teaching occupations, providing insights for local campuses.
A Columbia University expert argues for a more effective inter-governmental partnership in implementing the ACA, with states having significant policy and administrative discretion while adhering to strong national standards. This approach can achieve universal coverage without eliminating the private insurance system.
Researchers Justin Gest and Jack Goldstone analyze aging and fertility rates to project population parameters under varying future immigration levels. They examine downstream effects on age distributions, fertility rates, fiscal balances, property values, economic growth, and GDP.
A four-year project examined how schools use screening tools and factors influencing their use. The study found that school leader knowledge and attitudes are key to proactive screening approaches, leading to better outcomes for students.
A study published in The Journal of Nutrition found that most American adults consume meals of poor nutritional quality when dining out, with disparities affecting certain groups. The researchers recommend improving the nutritional quality of restaurant meals and reducing health disparities to promote healthier eating.
Researchers Heski Bar-Isaac and John Asker found that MAP can be beneficial for consumers who seek lower prices, but also allows manufacturers to get more money from less price-discriminating shoppers. The study suggests a one-size-fits-all approach to regulating MAP is misguided.
The University of Illinois at Chicago will establish a Policy, Practice and Prevention Research Center (P3RC) to study various public health issues, including obesity and diabetes among Chicago schoolchildren. The center will also support researchers and community leaders in advocating for change and leveraging research data.
Experts argue that cyber risk requires collaboration across behavioral science, data science, economics, law, management science, and political science. A unified concept model identifies core questions to understand cyber risk and how each field can contribute to its efforts.
A new study found that enforcing restrictions on flavored tobacco products led to decreased teen use of both flavored and non-flavored tobacco. In contrast, a nearby community without such restrictions saw an increase in tobacco use among youth. The study suggests that flavor restriction policies can curb youth tobacco use in as little...
A recent study found that American adults consume too many low-quality carbohydrates and more saturated fat than recommended. Despite some improvements, older people and those with lower income or educational attainment continue to face greater hurdles in adopting healthier dietary habits.
A new special collection of articles analyzes the impact of 11 articles from the American Journal of Medical Quality (AJMQ) on improving healthcare safety. Despite progress, the country has only made modest strides towards zero harm, emphasizing the need for continued efforts.
Research from the University of Bath finds that negative interest rate policies are backfiring, curbing loan growth and damaging banking profits. Bank margins were being squeezed, eroding capital bases and limiting credit growth, thereby stifling domestic demand.
Research finds top universities globally struggle to implement diversity outreach initiatives, with varying levels of compliance across four areas. Despite progress in inclusivity, institutions still lag behind in addressing inequalities and promoting social justice.
The Georgia Child and Family Policy Lab will improve lifelong well-being for Georgia's children and families by evaluating programs, creating early warning systems, and increasing research capacity. The lab will integrate disparate data sources to examine the impact of social support programs and prevent negative child outcomes.
The Urban Studies Institute has been awarded a two-year grant to study the impact of mobility support options on the health behaviors and outcomes of low-income individuals with Type 2 diabetes in metro Atlanta. The research aims to address social barriers to health, reduce healthcare costs and advance health equity.
The American Marketing Association honored research on how mindfulness helps consumers make decisions more consistently with their values and preferences. The winning article, published in the Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, suggests that a mindfulness approach can be used to self-regulate choices.
A new study by Portland State University researchers found that Oregon's paid family leave policy is successful in supporting employees taking time off for family additions, but inequities exist in its implementation. The study highlights the need for explicit equity focus and supervisor training to ensure workplace fairness.
The CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy is part of a NYC consortium aiming to reduce opioid overdose mortality by 40% in 16 communities. The project focuses on whole-community approaches, including enhancing community engagement and increasing access to prevention and treatment.
Research found that schools with multicultural-based policies had minority students achieve just as well and feel a sense of belonging equally to their majority peers. In contrast, schools ignoring or rejecting diversity resulted in lower grades and less belonging among minority students.
A new study found e-cigarettes to be more effective than nicotine-replacement therapy in quitting smoking, with a one-year abstinence rate of 18% compared to 9.9% for NRT. However, health experts caution against recommending e-cigarettes as a primary treatment due to unknown health risks and long-term use concerns.
A new study led by Yale University finds that school-based nutritional programs limit increases in body mass index (BMI) among middle school students. Students in schools with enhanced nutrition policies and programs reported healthier behaviors and had lower BMI trajectories compared to those without such support.
A new study found that implementing strong school nutrition policies is associated with healthier weight trajectories in middle school students. The study, which followed 595 students over three years, found that students from schools with nutrition policy interventions experienced less than a 1% increase in body mass index (BMI), whil...
A recent study by Georgia State University faculty found that commitment to democratic values is the strongest predictor of climate change concern worldwide. In contrast, party identification plays a more significant role in Western democracies, particularly in the US.
Researchers found that people display confirmation bias when judging the direction of moving dots and the average of a series of numbers. This bias is linked to selective attention, where people prioritize information consistent with their initial choice.
A new study led by UCLA researchers found that the ACA reduced disparities in healthcare between Mexican-heritage Latinos and other Latinos, with a significant increase in health insurance coverage among Mexican-heritage Latinos after implementation of the law's major provisions. However, disparities persist due to legal status, income...
A recent study by Aaron Thompson found that high-performing school social workers were more likely to have graduate degrees and work in states with certification standards. This suggests that policies supporting minimum competencies and national certification standards can improve school safety outcomes for students.
A new study by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine found that Social Impact Bonds (SIBs) have a role in developing outcome-based contracting but are not a panacea for public service reform. SIBs were shown to be effective in providing personalized support and flexibility, but their impact on cost savings is limited.
A new study finds persistent disparities in diet quality for SNAP recipients, with lower consumption of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and fish/shellfish. Despite some improvements over time, SNAP participants still have the lowest diet quality compared to income-eligible nonparticipants and higher-income individuals.
The University of Texas at Arlington's Ali Abolmaali is leading academic review of public work policies in Fort Worth. The project will assess various infrastructure needs, including pavement reconstruction, storm drainage, and water pipe durability, to improve the city's sustainability and efficiency.
A survey of interventional cardiologists found that two-thirds avoided performing potentially lifesaving procedures due to concerns about public reporting. Physicians reported being pressured by colleagues to avoid procedures, even if they were preferred for the patient's condition.
Researchers at SF State University investigate how federal and state nutrition policies affect childhood health, with a focus on racial/ethnic disparities. The study aims to inform future policies and determine the impact of nutrition policies on child obesity rates in different communities.
Indonesia's anti-IUU fishing policies have successfully kick-started fishery recovery without reducing local fishing effort or catch. The country's policies reduced foreign fishing in its waters by over 90% and total fishing by 25%, generating a 14% increase in catch and a 15% increase in profit by 2035.
Researchers developed an AI-powered tool to extract key information from online privacy policies, enabling users to easily navigate and understand data collection and use. The project's interactive website allows users to compare readability levels of popular websites' privacy policies.
A new paper by Professor Inderjeet Parmar argues that the US-led liberal international order's founding values are incompatible with diverse international powers, causing inequality and political turmoil at home. The approach creates more instability as the US struggles to manage its rivalry with China.
A new report highlights the benefits of health literacy for both patients and providers, achieving the quadruple aim of quality care, community health, reduced costs, and improved patient and provider experiences. Health literacy can improve patient outcomes, reduce hospitalization rates, and lower health expenditures.
McGill University has received a $10-million donation to establish a new School of Public Policy, bringing together faculty and students from across Canada and worldwide. The school will offer a one-year graduate program in public policy and executive teaching programs.
A recent study found that polyvictimization - exposure to multiple forms of victimization - significantly erodes feelings of school safety, equity, and connection. The study highlights the need for schools to implement comprehensive policies addressing all forms of victimization to create a safe environment.
A systematic review of high-deductible health care plans found they curb both healthcare cost and usage, including preventive care. The study showed a decrease in patient use of medical services, including desirable services like cancer screenings.
A new model from the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management provides an integrated marketing-operations framework to help companies design effective service policies for their call centres. The framework links call centre capacity, service quality, and future consumer behaviour, enabling companies to tailor service levels ...
A study by Tufts University researchers found that Congress has no historical justification for preempting state and local sugar-sweetened beverage taxes. The authors argue that such preemption undermines local control and challenges the financial stability of local governments.
A more diverse school board can lead to more equitable school punishment among students of different races, according to a new study. The researchers found that schools with larger minority populations tend to suspend more black and Hispanic students, while white students in these schools are less likely to be suspended.