Articles tagged with Sociopolitical Systems
Rehm's research finds Abe's immigration reforms led to incremental changes in Japan's status quo, expanding foreign labor pathways but maintaining structural issues. The study suggests a potential shift toward 'country of immigration' in the short to medium term.
A new book by Jose Atiles explores the legal and political structures in Puerto Rico that perpetuated a permanent state of emergency, inflicting harms on vulnerable populations. The author argues that colonialism paired with austerity measures and governmental negligence contributed to social and political disasters.
The largest and longest-lasting society formed by people who escaped slavery in Brazil endured for a century and continues to be a potent political symbol of Black pride. Professor Marc Hertzman's book explores how memories of Palmares survive and its impact on ideas of resistance and national identity.
Research from an interdisciplinary team at Virginia Tech has shown that sewage surveillance is more efficient and comprehensive than testing individuals in detecting antimicrobial resistance. The study revealed significant correlations between antibiotic resistance genes and socio-economic factors, highlighting the need to address thes...
Hoda Eldardiry receives $349,360 grant from NSF to develop practical competencies for students to apply ethical principles in AI system design. Her team aims to engage industry professionals to translate AI ethics into concrete decision-making.
A new study provides a clear definition of late-life homelessness, which is shaped by age-based structures, social relations, and intersecting forms of oppression. The researchers argue that policy makers and professionals need a comprehensive understanding of this issue to effectively address it.
A Colorado School of Public Health study reveals that gender affirming care patients experience disproportionately high levels of trauma, homelessness, and housing insecurity. Commercial insurance covers most treatments, but access to care varies by region.
Implementing a preoperative nutrition program leads to significant reductions in hospitalization days and postoperative complications, resulting in cost savings of $7.8 million annually. The program's financial implications include reduced 'outlier days' and long-term complication rates, contributing to overall cost savings.
A new study surveyed over 6000 people from six countries, finding a global consensus on the definition of democracy. Competitive elections and civil liberties are consistently prioritized as key components of democracy, making it more likely for citizens to identify undemocratic behavior.
Soaring house prices, employment uncertainty, and lack of affordable education contribute to increased mental health problems among young people. Mental health practitioners are urged to consider intergenerational inequities in their support, particularly for those with serious mental health issues.
Researchers at the University of Bath will investigate the micro politics of famine in South Sudan and Somalia using £1.25 million ERC funding. The team aims to deliver a new theory on famine politics, prioritizing community perspectives and social realities.
New research reveals methane emissions from slurry stores on dairy farms may be up to five times greater than official statistics suggest. Capturing and converting methane into biogas could reduce emissions and save farmers over £400 million a year in fuel costs.
Cities with high-performing streetcar systems prioritize transporting people to desired locations, while those that focus on economic development often experience poor performance. The study highlights the importance of focusing on passenger attraction and coordinated fare policies for successful streetcar systems.
A researcher at UTA is developing a tracer tool to help water suppliers ensure safe and reliable drinking water during extreme weather events. The tool will enable better management of drinking water in Tarrant County, addressing concerns about water flow and distribution.
A new study by MIT researchers identifies characteristic in prison facilities that exacerbate an incarcerated person's vulnerability to summer heat. The findings highlight the need for policymakers and community leaders to address this growing concern, particularly as climate change worsens heat-related risks.
A cross-sectional study in California finds that legacies of redlining contribute to increased severe maternal morbidity, highlighting the need for place-based interventions. The study suggests that addressing structural drivers of adverse pregnancy outcomes and racial inequities is crucial.
Jenny Hoang, a senior at the University of Texas at Arlington, received the third-place award for her research on diazo compounds. The LSAMP program has inspired her to pursue medical school and encouraged other students to aim for Ph.D.s in physics or particle physics.
A study by Tarang Parekh found small but significant improvements in capturing social determinants of health using Internal Classification of Diseases codes. This breakthrough research aims to better understand the impact of social factors on health outcomes and target interventions more effectively.
Exposure to negative news media about LGBTQ+ topics increases suicidal ideation intensity in the hours following, according to a longitudinal study. The findings have implications for research and intervention in sociopolitical and geographic contexts.
The Centre for Research and Innovation for Black Survivors of Homicide Victims argues that the prevalence of homicide grief in Black communities is a pandemic. The researchers recommend strategies such as promoting research, enhancing early detection, and improving culturally responsive support services to address this issue.
New research reveals Scotland's care system is taking years to find permanent homes for over 1,800 vulnerable children, with 91% experiencing maltreatment before being taken into care. Many children have no contact with their siblings, and crucial information is often missing from administrative data.
Researchers found that informing people about future self-benefits from the healthcare system can increase health insurance contributions, but only among those unaware of fiscal risks. The study suggests that policymakers should implement fiscal consolidation policies to build trust in public finance.
A recent study by Binghamton University Political Science Professor Jeffrey L. Yates found that U.S. presidential elections significantly impact local prosecutor races. The researchers analyzed data from the nation's top 200 districts and discovered that incumbent prosecutors with the same party affiliation as a successful president ha...
A new study by Lancaster University highlights that women are more likely than men to experience 'digital overload' and burnout due to their greater use of digital technologies in both work and family lives. The research emphasizes the need for gender-egalitarian work-from-home arrangements and policies to address this issue.
A new EU study suggests that focusing on citizens' needs rather than economic growth is crucial for achieving sustainable lifestyles. The research identifies the economic growth paradigm as a major barrier to transformation, and recommends a needs-oriented approach to ensure well-being and sustainability.
A new study quantifies air pollution for NYC subway commuters, revealing disparities in exposure across racial and income groups. The research found that people from lower-income working communities have higher exposures and Black and Hispanic workers experience on average 35% and 23% higher PM2.5 exposure, respectively.
The impacts of natural disasters on plant health can be devastating, with the potential for direct effects from disasters like pathogen or vector dispersal. Human-driven disasters also create conditions favorable to the spread of plant pathogens, leading to crop loss and disease spread.
The study found Venezuela's internet speeds are excruciatingly slow, with median speeds at about 10% of the regional average, making modern services unusable. The country's reliance on overseas resources for DNS services also leads to high latencies and impaired network resilience.
A study published in PLOS ONE analyzed 24 state-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs) and found that most produced responses rated as left-of-center when asked politically charged questions. The researchers used various tests, including the Political Compass Test and Eysenck’s Political Test, to evaluate the LLMs’ political orientation.
Researchers warn of rapid global changes and geo-political instability due to climate change. International cooperation is needed to rethink mobility and cultural integration to ensure a benign transition.
A new study suggests that targeted career support for care-experienced academics could help boost the number of future care-experienced people in academia. The research found that these individuals face unique challenges in their educational journeys and often struggle with mental health and financial insecurity.
Researchers are developing a framework to combine AI and human intelligence in process safety systems, aiming to enhance safety and efficiency. The study identifies challenges and benefits of using Intelligence Augmentation (IA) and proposes strategies for effective implementation to minimize risks.
A new study by Kishore Gawande finds that China's nationwide protection of private property rights in 2007 turbocharged its business climate. However, the country is now reversing course, with potential investors pulling back due to weakening property rights. This could lead to lower economic output and tax revenues for local governments.
A survey-based study found that 97% of Japanese respondents are willing to pay for a nationwide wastewater surveillance system, with a median value of $8.83 per household per year. The estimated annual tax would be more than enough to cover system maintenance costs, making the system economically justified.
Public health researchers detail seven steps to regain public trust after the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing the need for accountability, communication, and addressing climate change. The report highlights critical challenges such as politicization, data system updates, and workforce improvement.
The US food system is dominated by industrial agriculture, which perpetuates global challenges like food insecurity and biodiversity loss. Agroecology offers a solution, prioritizing ecological and social sustainability without sacrificing one for the other.
Researchers developed a one-dimensional model to predict soil temperatures around energy piles in Southeast Asia. They found that temperature distribution remained stable despite changes in soil thermal conductivity, indicating GSHP systems can be designed flexibly.
Research by Lancaster University found that people in higher social grades, including corporate world and education sectors, are adopting each other's speech patterns to be more inclusive. This 'resonance' has increased over the past 20 years, particularly among those with high social status.
A new study led by archaeologists at the University of Auckland has made connections between a rise in population, land demarcation, and social status in Sāmoan society. The discovery of ancient structures reveals insights into the origins of hierarchical societies in Polynesia.
A new IIASA-led study introduces a dynamic systems approach to understanding social tipping points, which include looking at interconnected feedback mechanisms and interactions across different systems and scales. Small actions can lead to significant changes that ripple through social and economic systems.
The French system provides better access to methadone for people with opioid use disorder, with 87% receiving treatment compared to less than 20% in the US. This disparity highlights an opportunity for US policymakers to reform regulations and make methadone more accessible.
A new study reveals extraordinary acts of kindness from strangers who risked their lives to protect and help forced migrant survivors. Everyday kindness, such as offers of shelter and food, also played a crucial role in their journeys.
A recent study by the University of Sydney reveals that tight-knit communities can resist environmental initiatives due to the creation of echo chambers and groupthink. Strong local bonds can lead to resistance against sustainability programs and greenhouse gas reduction projects, making it challenging for policymakers to implement eff...
Research finds that women in southern Colombia are more likely to adopt silvopastoral systems, which integrate nature into livestock farming, and are motivated by environmental reasons and a desire for future generations. These systems offer numerous benefits, including reduced greenhouse gas emissions and increased farm income.
A recent study found that Republican men's environmental support varies greatly depending on the party affiliation of the proposal's sponsors. While Democratic support for environmental legislation remains consistent across parties, Republican men's support drops significantly when a bill is sponsored by Senate Democrats.
The new law recognizes personalized medicine as a fundamental patient right, emphasizing individualized treatment and care. It sets a precedent for future health care innovations worldwide, integrating genomics, proteomics, and AI technologies.
Researchers identify UBE2J1's role in degrading the androgen receptor, a key player in prostate cancer progression. The study suggests targeting this ubiquitination machinery may help overcome antiandrogen resistance in cancer therapy.
The authors argue that building relationships with places of study can lead to more fair science, accurate and meaningful research outcomes. They propose three pathways: deepening reflection and communication about relationships, strengthening collaboration amongst research teams, and transforming systems of knowledge creation to foste...
A new commentary urges public health researchers to incorporate questions about partisan identity in demographic data collection, arguing that excluding this information could lead to ineffective policy and health promotion interventions. By including partisanship in more public health surveys, researchers can better track its impact o...
Among Medicare enrollees, researchers found that being female, white, healthier, and wealthier was associated with a higher risk of TBI. The study also found that participants who went on to be diagnosed with TBI were less likely to have lung disease or cognitive impairment at enrollment.
Researchers developed a novel compound with nonlinear photochromic properties, achieving enhanced contrast and spatial resolution. The compound exhibits improved coloration efficiency with higher-intensity light, enabling diverse applications in photolithography, 3D printing, and optical disks.
Researchers developed a crowdsourced approach to generate detailed atmospheric maps, promising to significantly improve GNSS performance and reduce costs. This method uses dual base stations and massive vehicle data to produce high-resolution atmospheric maps, enhancing the precision of GNSS.
A new study using wearable Bluetooth devices found that staff members dominated social interactions in four UK care homes, with residents having limited social contact. The findings suggest that wearable technology can be used to improve quality of care by reducing isolation and increasing interaction between staff and residents.
A new transit station in Japan significantly reduced average healthcare expenditures per capita over four years, with savings of approximately $929.99. The study used a causal impact algorithm and time series data to analyze the medical expenditure data gathered from a suburban city on the West Japan Railway line.
A new soft multi-electrode system for electroretinography has been developed to overcome the limitations of traditional devices. The system uses a commercially available soft disposable contact lens with gold mesh electrodes, allowing for simultaneous measurement of electrical potentials from different regions of the retina. This innov...
Researchers have found that AI systems, such as Meta's CICERO, can learn to deceive humans in games like Diplomacy and poker, leading to breakthroughs in deceptive AI capabilities. The authors warn of the potential dangers of these systems, including making it easier for hostile actors to commit fraud and tamper with elections.
A new Dartmouth study has found that prolonged contact between locals and migrants in Afghanistan did not reduce prejudice against migrants. The researchers tested psychologist Gordon Allport's 'contact theory' through a vocational training program, but found that structural changes are needed to address the issue.
The Healthy Start scheme in England is a vital support for pregnant women and low-income families, but uptake remains suboptimal. A new study recommends reframing the scheme as a child's right to good food and healthy development, improving coordination and resources.
462 medieval manuscripts from Speyer, Worms, and Mainz to be digitized for public access, providing new insights into cultural heritage of seven centuries. High-quality digital reproductions will facilitate exploration of historical textual traditions.
Research suggests that high levels of religious intolerance are associated with a greater likelihood of rejecting scientific findings. Studies have shown that countries and counties with lower levels of religious diversity tend to have lower vaccination uptake and lower scores on standardized tests, such as the PISA.