A new study from Case Western Reserve University finds that low- to middle-income individuals with subsidized health-exchange insurance are more likely to experience problems with access and affordability. They are 2.5 times more likely to have difficulty paying medical bills and skip needed care, compared to Medicaid recipients.
A new Michigan Medicine study found that long-term opioid use by one or more family members was associated with persistent opioid use by adolescents prescribed opioids after common surgical and dental procedures. The research highlights the potential risks of young adults continuing opioid prescriptions long after their surgeries.
Researchers found that specific antioxidants are associated with particular colors of tomato fruit, suggesting a balance between these compounds. The study's results support the use of genotypes with different-colored fruit in breeding programs to increase antioxidant levels in commercial cultivars.
Researchers implemented a new assessment tool, HEART, to evaluate the level of risk for cardiac events in patients with chest pain. The study found a 4.4% decrease in hospital admissions and cardiac stress testing without increasing the risk of heart damage or death.
Patients who receive a kidney transplant are at increased risk of skin cancer, with the rate rising after stopping anti-rejection medications, according to a study. The study found that skin cancer rates fell during periods of transplant failure but remained higher than pre-transplant patients on dialysis.
Researchers identify dysfunctional neuronal connections in OCD patients' brains, particularly affecting the orbitofrontal cortex and primary sensory cortices. This study's findings suggest a deficient inhibitory interneuron system, contributing to the disorder's symptoms.
The discovery represents a powerful mechanism for quantum computing and cryptography. Researchers developed an exponential-SWAP gate that can link encoded particles on demand, mitigating the limitation of previous designs and enabling flexible operations.
Researchers at Binghamton University used non-invasive methods to locate and assess historical remains beneath the Alcatraz Recreation Yard, discovering a 'bombproof' earthwork traverse and vaulted brick masonry tunnel. The findings offer insights into the island's former military role as a 19th-century coastal fortification.
Researchers found that cuckoos, known as greater anis, act collectively but become social parasites after their nests are destroyed. They switch to a strategy of spreading eggs around other nests, achieving similar reproductive success to cooperative breeding.
Researchers at the University of Sydney have demonstrated an order of magnitude improvement in reducing infidelity, or error rates, in quantum logic gates by using codes to detect and discard errors. This achievement opens a path to further improvements in quantum computers.
An international team of researchers found that mycorrhiza-plant interactions hinder the colonisation of remote islands, acting as a brake on plant spread. This symbiosis is also linked to biogeographic patterns and preserving biological diversity.
People in Hawaii who received a false ballistic missile threat alert sought information to validate their risk, rather than immediate shelter. Social media played a key role in spreading accurate information and helped increase trust in future warnings.
A new study found that achieving the Paris Agreement's 1.5 degrees Celsius warming target could increase global fishers' revenues and seafood workers' income, while reducing household expenditures. The largest gains would occur in developing countries, with a projected 6.5% increase in top revenue-generating fish species globally.
Researchers propose using smartphones for disease diagnosis, testing, and treatment in low-income countries like sub-Saharan Africa. Simple testing technologies can be linked into a phone via USB or wirelessly, allowing people to test themselves at home.
New analysis offers insights into the nature of Planet Nine, estimating its mass as five times that of Earth and orbital semimajor axis of approximately 400 AU. The findings suggest that Planet Nine is likely to be reminiscent of a typical extrasolar super-Earth.
A new study published in Neurology has found that medications commonly used to lower blood pressure and cholesterol do not slow down cognitive decline in older adults. The study, which involved over 1,600 participants, suggests that longer studies are needed to determine the effects of these medications on brain health.
Researchers found seasonal variations in raindrop size distribution in East China, with summer having larger raindrops and higher mean rain rates. These findings have implications for microwave communication, radar, and satellite remote sensing, as well as numerical weather prediction models.
The study found that the live oral typhoid vaccine Ty21a can strengthen the immune response against subsequent, unrelated infections, including those caused by other pathogens. This promising research could lead to broader protection and lower mortality rates globally.
A UCI researcher has been awarded $2.7 million to investigate the role of ion channel transporters in neurological disorders such as epilepsy. The research aims to develop new therapeutic agents targeting these complexes to treat human disease.
A team of Montana State University scientists has discovered a unique and diverse microbial community in a hot spring at Yellowstone National Park. The community, found in the Smoke Jumper Geyser Basin, contains representatives from almost half of all known groups of microorganisms on Earth.
Researchers at Osaka University found that the angle of male flies' genitalia is crucial for successful reproduction, with males having ideal dorsoventral direction having greater copulation success. The study suggests a cooperative evolution between morphology and behavior in dipterans, with implications for pest control.
Researchers tested an experimental treatment boosting Glial Cell Line Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) to regenerate dopamine brain cells in patients with Parkinson's. After nine months, the group receiving GDNF showed a 100% improvement in affected brain areas, offering hope for a potential reversal of the condition.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati found that adult jumping spiders mimic two species of ants to deceive predators, but retain their spiderly figures to woo potential mates. The spiders' detailed mimicry involves waving forelegs like antennae and performing weaving behavior, but they have lost the ability to jump.
Researchers analyzed a fossilized tooth of an extinct giant ground sloth found in Belize to understand its diet and climatic exposure. The study revealed seasonal fluctuations in the animal's diet, with grasses and shrubs likely comprising its diet during wet seasons.
Researchers found that antibiotic treatment courses for common infections in English primary care often deviate from guidelines, with the majority of excess days attributed to respiratory conditions. The study suggests that reducing antibiotic overuse through better adherence to recommended treatment durations may have significant scope.
Researchers designed and created proteins that mimicked different surface features of HIV, inducing rabbits to develop antibodies that could bind with the virus. The study provides a novel way to design proteins for vaccines, potentially paving the way for developing a vaccine for HIV.
Researchers examined antibody isotype and B cell receptor composition in young children, finding associations between environmental exposures and increased somatic hypermutation frequencies. This study sheds light on the complex relationships between environmental factors and immune system development in childhood.
Researchers created a 3D model of a Spokane neighborhood to analyze burglaries and natural surveillance. The study found that low visibility entry points were more likely to be targeted by burglars.
Tropical Cyclone Pola was passing near Fiji when NASA's Aqua satellite analyzed the storm in infrared light, finding cloud top temperatures getting colder. Colder cloud tops indicate a strengthening storm with strong thunderstorms capable of creating heavy rain.
A study has revealed a rare assemblage of sharks and rays from nearshore environments of Eocene Madagascar, including one new species, Carcharhinus underwoodi. The fauna shares similarities with ecosystems across North Africa but is uniquely lacking in sandsharks.
A team of researchers developed an online survey tool to assess the reproducibility of published research in hydrology studies. The tool evaluates data availability, result reproducibility, and replicability of findings, providing insights into the low rates of reproducibility in this field.
A team of biologists has discovered a key aspect of chromosome inheritance that helps ensure the faithful passage of short chromosomes during reproduction. They found that vast regions near the ends of both long and short chromosomes are primed for high-density genetic exchanges, known as EARs.
Insect-killing nematodes produce distinctive chemical cues that both plants and insects respond to, enhancing plant defenses and deterring Colorado potato beetle eggs. This discovery offers growers additional benefits from using EPNs for biological control of insect pests.
A new study by Colorado researchers finds that group dynamics-based exercise class increases quality of life beyond personal training for breast cancer survivors. Both groups showed similar physical gains, but the women in the group-dynamics class outpaced those in personal training.
Researchers at Penn State and MIT discovered that uniform-sized clear water droplets on a surface can produce bright iridescent colors. The color is due to total internal reflection and light interference, creating an optical effect not possible in perfect spheres.
A study of over 346,000 patients found that those with a family member using opioids long-term were more likely to develop persistent opioid use after first-time prescriptions for surgical or dental procedures. Persistent opioid use was seen in 4.1% of patients with a long-term family opioid user compared to 2.4% without.
The NSF awards funding to further develop Open OnDemand, a platform providing web-based access to high-performance computing services. The project aims to simplify access to HPC resources, making it more accessible to new users and disciplines.
A new software tool, Whetstone, sharpens artificial neurons, enabling neural computer networks to process information up to 100 times more efficiently than current industry standards. The tool is expected to increase AI penetration in mobile phones, self-driving cars, and automated image interpretation.
Researchers propose dark matter scatters with each other like billiard balls to spread out evenly in small galaxies. This idea could solve the puzzle of why dark matter doesn't clump together as expected in bigger systems.
Researchers developed a molecular bait to identify proteins involved in the cell's choice of DNA repair pathway, revealing key enzymes for homologous recombination. The discovery opens new possibilities for targeted cancer treatments using PARP inhibitors.
A new study found that local Atlantic salmon produce vastly more offspring than those spawning on unfamiliar grounds. This 'home ground advantage' may help wild salmon populations and inform conservation efforts.
A study reveals key insights into breeding and distribution practices in the turfgrass industry, aiming to address growing environmental concerns. Researchers identified primary parties influencing breeders' decisions and challenges they face when developing target traits.
Scientists at UC Berkeley engineered yeast to produce pure cannabinoids, including THC and CBD, at a lower cost than extraction from marijuana plants. This breakthrough could enable easier medical research on the complex chemicals in cannabis.
A new study from Michigan Medicine reveals that pesticide exposure contributes to faster progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The research, published in the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, found that patients with higher levels of pesticides in their blood had a shorter median survival time.
A new study found that giraffes living near human settlements have larger home ranges than those living far from towns, while areas with more rain have smaller home ranges. This suggests that humans are impacting giraffe habitat and forcing them to travel longer distances to access critical resources.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have identified two molecular pathways that could lead to new treatments for esophageal cancer. By blocking the JNK and TGF-beta pathways, tumors can be slowed in growth and even regressed in mice. The study's findings suggest a new targeted therapeutic avenue for this deadly form of cancer.
A multi-center study by MD Anderson Cancer Center reveals that a liquid biopsy test, Guardant360, is comparable to standard tissue biopsies in detecting guideline-recommended biomarkers for advanced NSCLC. The test identified four mutations for which FDA-approved drugs exist and offers faster turn-around time.
A study published in Science Advances found that deeper sleep is crucial for the brain's waste removal system, known as the glymphatic system. The researchers observed that mice administered a combination of anesthetics exhibited slow and steady brain activity similar to deep non-REM sleep, which is optimal for glymphatic function.
Researchers found that joint use of tobacco and alcohol increased reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the rat brain, leading to lower levels of a growth factor essential for neuron survival. The study suggests that alcoholics who smoke may be at additional risk for neural damage.
A study found that chelated calcium improves leaf mechanical strength in poinsettias, enhancing their resistance to physical damage. This treatment is recommended for stock plants to improve postharvest quality during shipping and propagation.
Researchers at UTSA are working on new accident tolerant fuels (ATFs) that will limit overheating and reduce the risk of radioactive leaks. The goal is to replace conventional fuel with a more durable material, enabling nuclear plants to better withstand accidents.
A new research centre will focus on biological hair follicle research, developing innovative scalp cooling treatments and individual 3D-printed cooling caps. The centre aims to become a global leader in scalp cooling and hair follicle research.
A free software platform called Photo Sleuth uses crowdsourcing to identify faces in Civil War-era photos, with over 85% of proposed identifications being correct. The database now contains over 4,000 registered users and more than 8,000 photos, making it a valuable tool for historians and genealogists.
Researchers found that delaying or withholding antibiotics for older adults with urinary tract infections increases the risk of bloodstream infections and death. Immediate antibiotic treatment is recommended for this vulnerable group due to their increased susceptibility to sepsis following UTI.
Research suggests that infants as young as six months old can detect anger in their mothers' voices and respond with increased brain activity. Maternal interactions also play a crucial role in shaping the infant's brain response to angry vocalizations.
A team of researchers has identified biomarkers in the blood that can predict the accumulation of toxic fats in the liver, a sign of early fatty liver disease. The discovery has the potential to lead to a blood test to detect those at risk of advanced fatty liver disease and could represent a new approach in precision medicine.
A study published in Nature reveals that bone growth in mice follows the same principles as cell production in blood and other tissues. The discovery suggests that bone growth may be more dynamic than previously thought, with cells generated from a stem-cell like progenitor cell.
Researchers have developed biocompatible ion-driven transistors that can record high-quality neural signals, suitable for advanced data processing. The transistors' channel is made from fully biocompatible materials, enabling efficient communication with neural signals.
This CVIA special issue addresses the #1 threat to women's health, cardiovascular disease, with a focus on overlooked topics and fresh perspectives. Key findings include novel imaging modalities for diagnosing stable ischemic heart disease in women and psychosocial stressors uniquely affecting female cardiovascular risk.
Researchers discovered that freshwater bacteria grow faster in daylight and use blue light absorption mechanisms to regulate growth. The study suggests that these bacteria have special genes that allow them to sense light and adjust their metabolism accordingly.