Researchers at Rockefeller University create comprehensive atlas of cell changes with age, revealing synchronized changes across organs and sex differences. The study identifies vulnerable cell types and molecular hotspots that could be targeted with drugs to slow aging.
Researchers at Rutgers University created a new metric called the Ecological Network Balance Index to track how gut bacterial communities shift between health and disease. The index consistently separated healthy individuals from patients with multiple diseases, including colorectal cancer.
A new study reveals widespread and accelerating declines of North American bird populations, particularly in areas with intensive agriculture. The research found that 47% of species studied show significant population declines, with many hotspots experiencing accelerated loss.
Researchers found that birds adapting to sugar-rich diets evolved both shared and unique genetic changes, affecting genes controlling blood pressure, heart rhythm, and insulin signaling. These findings hold promise for understanding metabolic diseases like diabetes and may lead to new therapeutic targets.
Ancient genetic fragments called L1 elements destabilise the cancer genome years before diagnosis, giving malignant cells more opportunities to grow and adapt. Long-read sequencing technology reveals large-scale structural rearrangements that seed genomic chaos, potentially driving cancer development.
A digital clinical decision support algorithm substantially reduced antibiotic prescribing in pediatric outpatient care in Rwanda, according to a non-randomized controlled trial. The study found no compromise in clinical recovery, suggesting the algorithm's effectiveness in guiding appropriate treatment.
Researchers found that long-standing mating preferences led to sex-biased interbreeding, resulting in the loss of Neanderthal DNA on X chromosomes. The study reveals a complex social history of human evolution, challenging the idea that survival of the fittest drove human migration.
Researchers have discovered that native rice stink bugs have more genetic diversity than invasive species, which could help monitor the spread of insecticide resistance. This study provides valuable insights into pest management for Arkansas rice growers, who face significant costs due to the bug's impact on their crops.
Two NJIT faculty members, Cesar Bandera and Sara Zapico, have been named Senior Members of the National Academy of Inventors for their demonstrated success in producing patented technologies with real-world impact. The class collectively holds over 2,000 US patents, making it the Academy's largest cohort to date.
The institute will focus on technologies required to operate next-generation AI supercomputer systems reliably while accelerating scientific breakthroughs. It aims to drive innovation in making AI data centers more efficient, reliable, secure, and integrated with the nation's energy system.
The American Heart Association brought hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and Hands-Only CPR awareness to Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Hispanic-Serving Institutions across the U.S. Hundreds of students, athletes, and community members received hands-on CPR demonstrations.
A new UCLA study suggests that adding hormone therapy to post-operative radiotherapy may provide little survival benefit for most men with prostate cancer, especially those with low PSA levels. However, men with higher PSA levels before radiation may see modest improvements in survival and metastasis-free survival.
A mobile app has been shown to significantly reduce opioid and non-opioid substance use among adults with unstable housing, as well as improve mental health measures. The uMAT-R app provides free support and resources for people with any substance use disorder, including misuse of opioids, stimulants, and hallucinogens.
Researchers have uncovered a new, exceptionally preserved fossil site in Newfoundland, Canada, dating back to 551 Ma. This find dramatically alters our understanding of the 'Kotlin Crisis,' the first extinction event in animal history, which is now estimated to have resulted in an astonishing 80% loss of biodiversity.
A new USF study challenges long-standing assumptions about the brown recluse spider, finding it's far less common in Florida and exhibits a lower propensity to bite. The research also reveals that bites typically produce shallow wounds with minimal tissue damage.
Researchers argue that AI's limitations and alignment with human values are key to preventing potential threats. They suggest sector-specific policies rather than universal regulations.
Researchers developed a new AI-based SLA forecasting model that outperforms existing approaches and can be widely applied to other prediction tasks. The Multistep-Earthformer model achieves high-accuracy short- and medium-range sea level anomaly forecasting by optimizing training strategies.
A study found that voice AI ordering encourages customers to choose indulgent food options due to mental fatigue. Adding a friendly avatar to the interface can reduce this effect and lead to more balanced decisions.
Researchers at UAlbany are developing a new technique using Raman spectroscopy to ensure mRNA is properly encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles, improving the safety and effectiveness of mRNA vaccines and therapeutics. The technique allows for instantaneous analysis without damaging the sample, enabling optimization of formulations.
A new edge-of-field water-treatment system has been developed to reduce excess nutrients washing into waterways from farm drainage systems. The system, combining woodchip bioreactors with biochar water-treatment modules, demonstrated significant reductions in nitrogen and phosphorus runoff.
A Canadian study of 35,000 Canadians found a significant link between cannabis use and increased rates of anxiety and depression. The study suggests that stronger products, wider availability, and stress relief may be contributing to the observed patterns.
A minimally invasive surgical procedure called lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) is being explored as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease. By improving brain lymphatic flow, LVA may help reduce clearance of neurotoxins and alleviate symptoms.
A new national study assesses the readiness of EMS agencies to care for children, identifying key areas for improvement. Having a pediatric emergency care coordinator is crucial for higher levels of readiness and better outcomes.
A new study analyzing 519 patients with cancer reveals that financial toxicity significantly impacts not only finances but also psychological resources like hope and social support. As these resources weaken, overall life satisfaction declines.
Researchers developed a single-item hoarding screen to quickly identify hoarding behaviors in patients with memory and brain disorders. The tool shows promise in flagging potentially serious hoarding behavior, especially in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.
Researchers from Cornell University discovered that fungi can convert low-value agricultural byproducts into nutritious foods through fermentation. The
The preference for feeding on humans among certain mosquito species evolved around 1.8 million years ago in response to the arrival of early hominins in Southeast Asia. This finding provides independent evidence supporting the limited fossil record of early hominin arrival in the region.
A team of researchers successfully enhanced the stability and performance of perovskite solar cells by introducing light-switchable molecules into grain boundaries. The new material design increases operational stability and lifespan while maintaining competitive performance.
Five Lehigh University professors have been recognized for their innovative work, collectively holding over 2,000 U.S. patents. Their research focuses on diverse areas, including orthopaedic device technology, nanocrystalline alloys, and energy storage systems.
Researchers introduce 'tuberculogenic environment' concept, highlighting interplay between social structures and TB risk. Current efforts overlook broader structural factors sustaining TB epidemic.
A new discovery from Lund University reveals that minor changes in moisture levels can promote lipid molecule reorganization, affecting skin, lung, and tear film protection from dehydration. This understanding can inspire smart materials and improve lipid-based drug delivery systems.
Recent studies show that T cells support milk production and have lasting effects on maternal health and infant immunity. The review highlights emerging evidence of the crucial role of immune cells in lactation, which can inform strategies to improve maternal and infant health outcomes.
Researchers shed light on moths & butterflies' evolution, conservation needs, and diverse feeding habits. Discoveries suggest that these insects obtained plant-digesting abilities from fungi, while mandibled moths were once more diverse but largely extinct.
A new study has identified key candidate genes for citronelloid biosynthesis in the Citronella plant, including terpene synthase and dehydrogenase genes. The research also provides a molecular framework explaining species divergence and tissue-specific accumulation of these compounds.
The article summarizes updated recommendations on fertility preservation in people with cancer, considering potential health risks to offspring and treatment side effects. Clinicians should inform patients about available options before treatment initiation.
A study developed a bacterial cellulose-based delivery system loaded with nisin and mandelic acid to target acne treatment. The system exhibited strong antibacterial activity and antioxidant properties, while showing minimal cytotoxicity in fibroblast cells.
Laughter beats embarrassment when making small mistakes, research from the American Psychological Association finds. Laughing at oneself signals social confidence and reduces tension, while acting embarrassed may be perceived as excessive. The study suggests that humor is socially effective in certain situations but risky in others.
A new study from Binghamton University School of Management provides a framework for organizations to anticipate, interpret, and respond to social media backlash. The toolkit identifies four phases of online social disapproval and offers guiding questions and analytical indicators to aid in early detection, response, and recovery.
Contemporary donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors are now at 44% of organ procurement organizations. DCD donations account for half of all deceased donors in the US, leading to increased reliance on these organs to maintain transplant access.
Researchers have identified a novel transcriptional module that governs purple background coloration in flare tree peony. The MYB transcription factor PrMYB75a and its upstream regulator PrFRS2 work together to control anthocyanin accumulation, leading to uniform petal background color.
The GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH has discovered a total of 192 nuclear isomers, more than any other research facility worldwide. Dr. Ivan Kojouharov is responsible for 143 of these discoveries, making him the top co-discoverer globally.
A team of researchers from the University of Oldenburg has discovered a unique genetic pattern, or 'fingerprint', associated with NOTCH1 gene variants that commonly cause congenital heart defects. This breakthrough enables more reliable diagnoses and targeted therapies for patients and their families.
A new study has identified an altered expression of specific genes in individuals with obesity, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and liver fibrosis. The research team found that inhibiting the gene expression can reduce liver fibrosis, offering a potential new treatment option.
A new monoclonal antibody neutralizes the toxin pyocyanin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, reducing cellular damage and increasing survival of immune cells. This approach has the potential to reduce antibiotic use and minimize infection progression without promoting antibiotic resistance.
A recent study reveals that PD-L1 functions beyond immune regulation to regulate intracellular signaling pathways within cancer cells. The research team identified a novel molecular mechanism by which PD-L1 directly regulates autophagy signaling, leading to reduced cell proliferation and suppressed tumor growth in lung cancer models.
A recent study by Politecnico di Milano researchers reveals that environmental migration in Somalia is primarily driven by water scarcity, with over three-quarters of cases linked to droughts and food insecurity. The study emphasizes the need for community-led solutions, coordinated policies, and international collaboration to address ...
Researchers at Houston Methodist found that short-term antibiotic treatment significantly reduced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration following traumatic brain injury by altering the gut microbiome. Beneficial bacteria Parasutterella excrementihominis and Lactobacillus johnsonii drove cell repair, while reducing harmful gut bacteria.
Scientists at Columbia University have experimentally confirmed that quantum fluctuations in a 2D material can alter the properties of a nearby crystal. The team placed a nanometer-sized flake of hexagonal Boron nitride on top of a superconducting material, where the vibrations matched and interacted, suppressing superconductivity.
A new study examining small-scale farming in Tanzania argues that major agricultural development initiatives are built on flawed assumptions about how rural households make decisions. The research finds that household composition, gender dynamics, and labor constraints strongly shape how small-scale farmers allocate land and labor.
A new study mapped 77 reviews on outcomes for children in out-of-home care, revealing significant gaps in knowledge, particularly around identity, bullying, and early education processes. The review aims to inform policymakers and practitioners with a comprehensive understanding of the evidence base.
A study published in the Chemical Engineering Journal proposes a new method for environmental remediation of pharmaceutical pollutants in water. The researchers used high-energy sparks to degrade pollutants, achieving better results than conventional methods.
Pickleball professionals and amateurs showed low use of high-quality protective eyewear, with many relying on personal prescription glasses that may not provide adequate protection. This study underscores the importance of consistent use of well-fitting protective eyewear to prevent pickleball-related eye injuries.
The Synergy Framework aims to support effective research knowledge valorisation by aligning Open Science and Intellectual Property management. The framework identifies key barriers, including limited IP literacy and policy inconsistencies, and provides recommendations for researchers, institutions, and policymakers.
AI research at Georgia Tech suggests that simple safety measures are not enough to address the technology's moral implications. The study proposes a middle ground between safe and autonomous AI by advocating for 'end-constrained ethical AI.' This approach prioritizes fairness, honesty, and transparency in AI decision-making.
A universal 'instruction manual' helps immune cells protect our organs by identifying MafB, a key genetic regulator that enables macrophages to reach full maturity and preserve organ health. This discovery sheds light on how the immune system sustainably protects multiple organs from chronic diseases.
A recent study at the Universities of Bonn and Freiburg has discovered a previously unknown mechanism by which mitochondria influence lipid storage in cells. The molecular machine MIM complex and enzyme Ayr1 play key roles in this process, which affects cellular lipid metabolism.
Researchers created an automated method to quickly analyze the metabolic effects of natural products, such as kratom, using high-resolution mass spectrometry and molecular network mapping. This breakthrough provides a detailed view of how chemicals are reshaped by human metabolism, marking a major step in natural products research.
A new study finds that a novel GLP-1 receptor agonist, Exendin-4-Phe (Ex-Phe-1), preserves glycemic control while reducing malaise and vomiting behaviors in preclinical models. The compound uses biased agonism to selectively activate certain signaling pathways, achieving desired effects without triggering others.
The study found that representation of underrepresented racial/ethnic groups nearly doubled in cosmetic surgery patients, from 17% to 33.5%, between 2010 and 2023. This trend exceeded demographic shifts in the US population, with an average annual increase of 10% for underrepresented groups compared to 2% for the overall population.
A novel delivery method using microscopic lipid bubbles has successfully delivered a neuroprotective molecule to the brain, improving motor function in mice with ALS. The breakthrough could pave the way for human clinical trials to slow down or halt disease progression.