News on R&D across science and industry. Covers R&D awards, applied studies, quantum institutes, and university research initiatives.
A new approach is being developed to identify sepsis in newborn babies, with the potential to transform sepsis testing. The Neosepsis project aims to reduce neonatal deaths in Uganda by providing a quick and reliable test using a small drop of blood.
A multidisciplinary team investigates hospital wastewater samples and demonstrates the effectiveness of photocatalytic treatment in reducing pharmaceutically active compounds and bacteria. The study highlights the challenges posed by antibiotic-resistant bacteria and suggests a promising step towards sustainable wastewater treatment.
Researchers developed MonoXiver, a new method to help AI extract 3D information from 2D images, making cameras more useful tools for emerging technologies. The method significantly improves accuracy when used in conjunction with existing techniques, such as MonoCon.
Researchers have developed an integrated sensor capable of capturing and enhancing bio-signals, paving the way for potential treatments of brain disorders. The innovative technology uses inkjet printing to create a flexible substrate with a custom-made sensor.
Preeclampsia, a major cause of maternal mortality, has increased by 37% in Texas since 2017. A new $1.47 million NIH grant will support research initiatives to address preeclampsia rates in six Panhandle counties.
The Massive Transfusion in Children-II (MATIC-II) clinical trial will test multiple interventions for life-threatening bleeding in children. The trial aims to determine the most effective and safe bundle of care for pediatric trauma patients, with a focus on precision transfusion medicine.
Researchers have developed a hybrid silicon photocatalyst that efficiently produces hydrogen and high-value compounds using solar power. The non-toxic catalyst achieves an impressive rate of 14.2 mmol gcat−1 h−1, significantly higher than conventional silicon photocatalysts.
A comprehensive survey of ChatGPT papers reveals a rapid increase in interest for NLP models, but also raises concerns about biased content generation and technology misuse. The study emphasizes the need to establish responsible development and deployment frameworks for ChatGPT.
Researchers have developed a new flexible adhesive with improved recovery capabilities and high adhesive strength, enabling applications in foldable displays and medical devices. The adhesive demonstrated remarkable stability under repeated deformation and strain, making it suitable for fields requiring flexibility and optical clarity.
The University of Texas at Dallas will develop and commercialize new battery technologies, enhance domestic raw material availability, and train workers for the expanding battery industry. The Energy Storage Systems Campus will leverage $200 million in private capital.
The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus has received a $54 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to advance clinical and translational science. The grant will enable the Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute (CCTSI) to translate discoveries into better health and patient care across the state.
A new study led by Dr. Armen Saghatelyan uncovered the migratory mechanisms of neuronal cells in a neurodevelopmental disorder. The team found that modulating autophagy with FDA-approved drug metformin restored the cells' migratory properties.
Researchers at Indian Institute of Science create SQ-CARS, a scalable platform for advanced quantum experiments with superconducting transmon qubits, reducing cost and size.
The Human Brain Project has achieved major breakthroughs in understanding the complex structure and function of the brain, enabling novel medical and technological applications. The project's digital atlas and personalized virtual models have provided unprecedented insights into brain conditions such as epilepsy and Parkinson's disease.
Researchers have created a highly efficient and stable photoelectrode for water splitting using organic semiconductors. The new design overcomes the limitations of traditional inorganic semiconductor-based photoelectrodes, resulting in enhanced hydrogen production efficiency.
A new artificial olfactory system, integrated on a single chip, detects food spoilage by identifying low levels of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gases. The system tracks freshness scores in real-time during the spoilage process.
Researchers developed a photoelectrochemical technique to precisely tune the lasing wavelength of microdisk lasers with subnanometric accuracy. The new approach facilitates the fabrication of micro- and nano-laser batches with precise emission wavelengths.
Researchers at CNRS develop new synthesis method for silicones, eliminating toxic cyclic oligosiloxanes and endocrine disruptors. The breakthrough could significantly impact the industrial sector with a more environmentally-friendly alternative.
A new method can detect drivers' attention levels from their eye movements, enabling the development of more effective takeover signals. The study found that drivers who are engrossed in on-screen activities take longer to respond to warnings, highlighting a potential safety concern.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have developed a sensor technology called computer vision-based optical strain (CVOS) that enhances durability and streamlines fabrication processes. This breakthrough enables the precise recognition of intricate bodily motions through a single sensor.
A new AI-powered triage platform uses machine learning and metabolomics data to predict patient disease severity and length of hospitalization during a viral outbreak. The platform integrates routine clinical data, patient comorbidity information, and untargeted plasma metabolomics data to drive its predictions.
University of Louisville researchers have received a five-year, $11.7 million National Institutes of Health grant to investigate the connection between microorganisms and disease. The study will focus on various chronic conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, diabetes, periodontitis, and colorectal cancer.
A new nano-sized force sensor developed by Tampere University researchers allows for the measurement of intracellular forces and mechanical strains. This technology has great potential for studying cancer cells and understanding cellular mechanics.
Researchers developed a new mathematical model to study circadian rhythm resilience and develop ways to improve it in individuals with weak internal clocks. Sustained disruptions can lead to disorders like diabetes and memory loss.
The new microscope uses structured illumination and optical fibers to achieve fast super-resolution imaging over a wide field of view, enabling the study of individual cell responses to various drugs. The system can image multiple cells simultaneously with high resolution, providing statistical information about cell response.
Researchers developed a nanoscale material technique called inverse thermal degradation (ITD) to control high-temperature flames and tune material properties. By regulating oxygen access, ITD allows for smoldering rather than bursting into flames, producing carbon tubes with desired characteristics.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame recommends building water projects that allow community collaboration, reducing distances and increasing equity. The research team created a unique dataset to optimize locations and found that community collaboration models outperform traditional methods.
WVU linguists analyze speech recordings to determine how intensity and duration shape pronunciation in American English and Spanish. The two-year study aims to redefine sound patterns across languages.
A UK-Sri Lankan research network aimed to develop research capacities among senior academic staff members from both countries. The training network investigated differences, overlaps, and synergies between Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) research communities.
A £1.75m project led by Professor Chenyu Du aims to develop new processes for recovering polyester and cellulose from mixed cotton and polyester fibres. The goal is to create a roadmap towards net-zero for the textiles industry, reducing plastic waste and increasing recycling rates.
Geoscientists at Cornell University have discovered that gaseous carbon dioxide can trigger explosive eruptions in basaltic volcanoes. The research uses a new model to suggest that magma comes directly from the mantle, stored tens of kilometers below Earth's surface.
Researchers developed an innovative optical tool, the Schistoscope, to capture microscopy images of urine samples for efficient detection of Schistosoma haematobium eggs. A two-stage diagnostic framework using deep learning accurately identified and counted eggs in field settings with high sensitivity, specificity, and precision.
The NYU Tandon School of Engineering has been awarded a $1.2 million grant from the National Science Foundation to develop new technologies for securing the digital legal supply chain. The project aims to protect official laws and legal information from cyberattacks and malicious actors.
A Cornell University study found that encouraging fact-checking on Reddit led to a drop in story rank by an average of minus-25 spots, causing stories to be missed by readers. The research suggests that collective efforts to improve information environments can influence algorithmic recommendations.
A new sensor developed by Queen Mary University of London enhances robots' sense of touch, allowing them to accurately measure interaction forces and geometry. This breakthrough could pave the way for more advanced and reliable robotics in the future, enabling better handling and manipulation of objects.
Researchers at Queensland University of Technology have developed a new approach to designing molecular ON-OFF switches based on proteins, which can be used in various biotechnological and biomedical applications. The novel technique allows for faster and more accurate diagnostic tests for detecting diseases and monitoring water quality.
Researchers at University of Houston develop prototype of fully stretchable fabric-based lithium-ion battery, addressing safety concerns and enabling new applications for wearable technology. The innovation uses conductive silver fabric as a platform and current collector, providing stable performance and safer properties.
Researchers examined core elements shared between human intelligence and AGI, focusing on scale, multimodality, alignment, and reasoning. They found that brain-inspired AI systems can mimic human-like rapid learning capabilities through large language models.
Researchers develop a new technique to detect circulating tumor cells in blood, overcoming noise issues with existing methods. The dual-ratio approach enhances penetration range and accuracy, paving the way for quicker diagnosis of metastasis.
The Multi-frame Moving Object Detection System enhances remote sensing applications by detecting objects as small as one pixel in low-visibility conditions. It improves signal-to-noise ratio and detects fast- and slow-moving objects with high accuracy.
A University of Queensland-led survey found non-native English speakers need up to twice as much time to conduct scientific activities, with papers rejected two-and-a-half times more. The study highlights the challenges faced by non-native English speakers in academia, which can lead to stagnated careers and a loss of potential contrib...
Researchers discovered a novel peptide, T14, that is detectable in human keratinocytes and inversely related to age, with higher levels found in chronically photosensitive individuals. The study suggests that monitoring T14 levels may offer insights into the link between degenerative diseases and epidermal cell profiles.
Researchers at CU Anschutz Medical Campus have found that vaping nicotine during pregnancy can be detrimental to the baby, disrupting bone and lung development. The study suggests that nicotine in e-cigarettes is just as harmful as that in traditional cigarettes.
Researchers create a three-dimensional epithelial model that reproduces the human lip area, allowing for evaluation of cosmetic ingredients and products. The model's structure and differentiation mode are similar to those of actual human lip tissue.
Researchers developed AEGIS, the first technique to detect backdoor attacks in robust machine learning models. It improves the trustworthiness of artificial intelligence by analyzing robust models and detecting mixed input distributions for poisoned classes.
Researchers at TUM developed a new approach to measure human brain activity using microelectrodes and awake brain surgery. They found individual neurons specialize in handling specific numbers, providing insights into cognitive functions and developing solutions for brain function disorders.
A new study using satellite data from over 7,000 global reservoirs found that total storage capacity has increased, but the filling rate is lower than anticipated. The analysis suggests that addressing future water demands cannot rely solely on constructing new reservoirs, highlighting the need for novel management strategies.
A research team from Taiwan has found a way to massively speed up aerial image simulations using wavelength scaling and fast Fourier transformation. The new algorithm improves computation speed by 4000-5000 times while maintaining only a slight intensity deviation.
VIRTUOSO, developed by Dr. Hyunkook Lee from the University of Huddersfield's Applied Psychoacoustics Lab, enables immersive 3D audio without loudspeakers through binaural technology powered by ASPEN. This technology simulates the ambience and reflections found in a room with headphones, allowing for accurate translation to real speakers.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH) developed a technology for high-performance organic polymer semiconductors that exhibit both stretchability and electrical functionality. The molecular brake prevents slipping under stretching conditions, preserving up to 96% of electrical performance.
Researchers at TU Delft and EPFL collaborated with ChatGPT to design a tomato-harvesting robot, showcasing the potential of AI in robotics. The study highlights the need for verification and validation of LLM output to prevent misinformation and bias.
Researchers developed a new AI framework that significantly improves the ability to analyze team communication, enabling adaptive training technologies to facilitate effective team collaboration. The framework performed substantially better than previous AI technologies in classifying dialogue and following information flow.
Erdafitinib achieves tumor-agnostic benefits across 16 cancer types, including urothelial, lung, and other cancers. The trial demonstrated a disease control rate of 73.7% and clinical benefit rate of 45.6%, with notable improvements in pancreatic and cholangiocarcinoma patients.
A new working group of the Global Research Council aims to map existing funding mechanisms for global research collaboration. The group will assess opportunities for multilateral engagement and figure out how to implement them, despite legal barriers that prevent public resources from crossing national borders.
The Annual Meeting of the Global Research Council, attended by 175 representatives from 81 institutions in 63 countries, discusses topics to shape future research collaboration. The event highlights the need for global cooperation to tackle complex issues like climate change and scientific evaluation.
Leaders of research funding agencies from four countries discussed initiatives to promote equality and inclusion in academia. FAPESP's quota system has increased diversity among USP students, while UKRI emphasizes the importance of diverse perspectives in driving research forward.
A recent study published in GeroScience found that a moderate-protein diet (25% and 35%) improved metabolic health in both young and middle-aged mice. The researchers also observed reduced blood glucose concentrations and lipid levels in liver and plasma. A balanced diet with moderate protein intake may promote metabolic health in huma...
A low-cost catalyst developed by Argonne National Laboratory can produce clean hydrogen from water at a lower cost, making it an ideal choice for replacing fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The new catalyst uses cobalt instead of expensive iridium, significantly reducing the cost and increasing efficiency.
A team of researchers developed an acoustic metasurface-based holography technique that uses a deep learning algorithm to generate and iteratively improve a hologram of the Mona Lisa. The technique successfully reconstructed the painting, with even greater detail in her left eye.
Researchers found volunteering associated with higher odds of excellent health and flourishing in children and adolescents, as well as lower anxiety in adolescents and behavioral problems in children. The study used survey data from across the US to explore the relationship between volunteering and child and adolescent health.