Articles tagged with Risk Assessment
A nationwide cohort study in Sweden found that elite male football players have a lower risk of alcohol and drug related disorders compared to the general population. This protective effect was seen only for those who first played in the 1960s and later, while players from earlier eras had similar risks as men from the general population.
A new study found that drinking two or more cups of coffee daily may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality among people with severe hypertension. In contrast, moderate green tea consumption did not show a significant association with increased risk, suggesting potential benefits of polyphenols in reducing mortality.
A comprehensive analysis of over 100,000 colorectal cancer cases identified 100 new genetic risk factors strongly linked with the disease. These findings could help clinicians determine who's at highest risk for early detection and potentially identify candidates for preventive treatments.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine have developed a new biomarker-based strategy to screen for immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myocarditis, which can cause muscle damage and liver injury. Early detection of these biomarkers can lead to earlier treatment and improved survival rates.
The University of Texas at El Paso will establish a national Center for Collective Impact in Earthquake Science, addressing low-probability but high-impact earthquake risk and community needs. Researchers aim to develop leading-edge earthquake research projects and integrate diversity into their work.
A large real-world study has confirmed that COVID-19 vaccination is more effective than natural immunity in preventing death, hospitalizations, and emergency department visits for any cause. Vaccinated individuals had a 37% lower risk of all-cause death and hospital admission rates compared to those with natural immunity.
A study of nearly 4,000 patients found that the longer the time between COVID-19 diagnosis and surgery, the greater the risk of major cardiovascular events during or following surgery. This association could inform discussions on optimal surgical timing and perioperative outcomes for patients with a history of COVID-19 infection.
The Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games reported a lower overall injury rate of 8% compared to previous Games, but injuries sustained were more severe. Newly introduced sports of taekwondo and badminton had high injury rates, prompting calls for prevention measures.
A retrospective cohort study of 1,404 subjects with type 2 diabetes found that metformin use reduced the risk of delirium by 50% and decreased 3-year mortality rates. The study suggests that metformin may be a potential benefit for patients with diabetes, particularly in reducing age-related disorders such as dementia.
Lying prone reduces the risk of needing a breathing tube in COVID-19 patients by 24.2% compared to usual care, but evidence for its effect on mortality or other outcomes is inconclusive. The intervention also results in 55 fewer intubations per 1,000 patients.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Medicine found that COVID-19 vaccines significantly reduce the likelihood of reinfection and severe symptoms. Vaccinated individuals who have recovered from the virus have a 50% to 60% lower risk of reinfection compared to those who are not vaccinated.
A new study found that 39 out of 43 California's coastal airports have assets exposed to projected flooding by 2100. Sixteen airports have assets within their boundaries, while 23 have assets outside their jurisdiction at risk from flooding. The study highlights the need for collaborative climate adaptation plans to address this issue.
Researchers found that a one-year increase in retinal age was associated with a 10% higher risk of incident kidney failure over 11 years. Retinal age gap, a non-invasive biomarker based on retinal imaging, may help identify people at elevated risk for kidney failure.
A recent study found that consuming the most vegetables, including leafy greens and cruciferous veggies, was associated with a lower risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. Meanwhile, potatoes may not have the same benefits but aren't bad if prepared in a healthy way.
Researchers discover a shared genetic basis between fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), with males more likely to develop AAA when a family member has FMD. The study suggests that screening for AAA in male relatives of patients with FMD may be beneficial, along with established guidelines.
A study of over 1000 Australian adults found that people with trouble sleeping were more likely to have indicators of poor cardiometabolic health, including inflammatory markers, cholesterol, and body weight. Prioritizing a good night's sleep is crucial for maintaining good health, according to researcher Dr Lisa Matricciani.
Research by Lero and Motion-S found that fitting all UK cars with Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) could prevent 24% of road crashes. Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) is the most impactful technology, reducing three out of four most frequent accident categories.
Researchers found that individuals with persistent asthma have higher levels of inflammation and artery plaque, which may increase heart attack or stroke risk. The study also highlights the importance of addressing risk factors for cardiovascular disease in people with persistent asthma.
A trial found that extending anti-clotting treatment after a blood clot in the lower leg reduced further clot risk up to two years. Rivaroxaban administered for three months effectively and safely reduced venous thromboembolism compared to six weeks of treatment.
Chugh argues that AI risk assessments raise concerns about human biases and the absence of individualized decision-making in the judiciary. She advocates for more research on AI's role in the court system, prioritizing community-driven and individualized processes.
A large study found that mRNA vaccines increased myocarditis risk in younger males, especially after the second dose. Absolute rates were low, with higher observed rates compared to expected rates.
Researchers used wearable activity trackers to derive health metrics, including heart rate distribution and walking frequency, that correlated with clinically measured parameters. These findings suggest that activity-tracker data can identify surrogate markers of disease severity, enabling remote monitoring and potential personalized t...
A new study analyzed tumor biopsies from patients with newly-diagnosed germinal center B cell lymphoma and found that CREBBP mutations were associated with lower disease-free survival rates. The researchers identified CLMA as a practical tool to translate experimental findings into clinical applications.
Researchers found cannabis users had decreased patency and were 1.25 times more likely to require amputation one year after lower extremity bypass surgery. Cannabis use was also associated with a higher risk of opioid use after discharge.
A new analysis by researchers at Duke University proposes a four-step science-based framework to overcome barriers and enhance the success of early warning systems. The framework involves understanding potential barriers, engaging key stakeholders, identifying promising strategies to overcome barriers, and measuring outcomes.
A new calculator will assess an individual's risk and benefit of taking bisphosphonates for osteoporosis, considering factors such as fracture history and comorbid conditions. The calculator aims to provide personalized guidance on whether a drug holiday is beneficial or not.
A study of 2,400 women found nearly a quarter developed high blood pressure more than six weeks after delivery. The research suggests monitoring during this period could mitigate severe cardiovascular complications.
A pooled data analysis estimates that 24% of teens and young people engage in unsafe listening practices from personal listening devices and 48% attend loud music venues. This translates to a potential risk of hearing loss for 0.67-1.35 billion young people worldwide.
An international research team developed an animal-free testing battery to detect developmental neurotoxicity, using human cells instead of animals. The results show that the testing battery is technically feasible and already has a measurement sensitivity comparable to animal experiments.
The American Heart Association statement highlights telehealth's benefits in managing cardiovascular disease, including cost-effectiveness and improved rehabilitation. However, challenges like access to broadband internet and privacy security concerns hinder widespread adoption.
The IOF and ESCEO position paper recommends retaining the current WHO diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis, which has served the field well. The paper suggests that distinguishing between diagnostic and intervention thresholds can help improve treatment of patients at high risk of fractures.
Using 1980s environmental inventories, researchers found that disaster risk assessment could have predicted the damage from the Great East Japan Earthquake. The study compared composite risk maps from the 1980s with post-2011 hazard maps to show a significant increase in high-risk areas.
A recent study found that exposure to fine particulate matter during pregnancy is associated with delays in children's gross motor, fine motor, and personal-social development. The study of 17,683 infants in Taiwan suggests that protection from air pollution should start during pregnancy.
Research conducted at Linköping University found that screening for atrial fibrillation in older people could increase the chance of preventing stroke while saving money for healthcare systems. The study, based on data from the STROKESTOP clinical trial, suggests that screening can be a cost-effective intervention.
A new study led by Rice University and UCSF researchers found that seizure cycles are linked to age and common triggers, such as illness and menstrual cycles. The study used data from over 1,000 patients aged 2 months to 80 years to develop a statistical model that captures the effect of these factors on seizure risk.
A meta-analysis of over 600,000 patients found that psychological distress assessed with brief questionnaires was associated with nearly a 30% greater risk of cardiovascular disease. The screening process can be easy and efficient for healthcare providers without significant psychology training.
A large contact tracing investigation found no secondary cases of monkeypox, informing estimates of exposure risk and postexposure prophylaxis recommendations. The framework's ease of application and cross-setting use has important applications for future infection prevention efforts.
A higher urine-to-plasma urea ratio is associated with faster decline in eGFR and development of kidney failure in patients with common forms of CKD. This biomarker may improve risk prediction, particularly in low-cost, easily measurable assays.
Regular use of cholesterol-lowering and diabetes-control drugs may lessen the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in European populations. The pooled data analysis involved 38,694 participants and showed a 15% lower prevalence of any type of AMD with these medications.
A new study found that long-term treatment with intravenous iron improved symptoms and reduced recurrent hospitalizations among people with heart failure and iron deficiency. The treatment was associated with a significant benefit on reducing the risk of heart failure hospitalization and cardiovascular death.
A new study has shown that SGLT-2 inhibitors, a type of diabetes medication, can decrease cardiovascular risk in adults with chronic kidney disease. The meta-analysis included results from 13 major clinical trials and found a 28% lower risk of worsening kidney disease and death from cardiovascular disease.
A study published in the Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network found that breast cancer survivorship has doubled among Canadian women, with 2.1% of adult females diagnosed with breast cancer and 86% surviving by 2022. The prevalence varies by age group, with senior women having a higher rate of survival.
A new study published in Molecular Psychiatry suggests that parental discord and divorce may be indicators of children's genetic risk for future alcohol misuse. Researchers found that exposure to parents' relationship discord or divorce is associated with increased risk of alcohol use disorder symptoms in adulthood.
Two new discoveries led by Cedars-Sinai Cancer investigators improve understanding of ovarian cancer's development and suggest personalized therapeutic approaches. They identified four new genetic regions linked to increased ovarian cancer risk and found that some tumors may develop resistance to chemotherapy from an early stage.
A study in Brazil found that reducing childhood poverty could prevent up to 22.5% of future criminal convictions. The researchers analyzed 22 risk factors and interviewed over 1,900 children twice, finding that poverty was the only modifiable factor significantly associated with crime.
A Mayo Clinic study found that clinicians who were high adopters of an AI-enabled clinical decision support tool were twice as likely to diagnose low left ventricular ejection fraction as those who were low adopters. The tool's accuracy was critical in detecting serious health conditions before symptoms appeared.
A specialized triage algorithm, ROCA test, enables earlier stage diagnosis in women deferring preventive surgery, saving NHS costs. The approach results in fewer major surgical interventions and lower risk of wider disease spread.
A study of over 2,600 young heart attack survivors found that those who experienced more perceived discrimination had a higher risk of worse health outcomes. The research suggests that perceived discrimination acts as a chronic stressor that adversely impacts cardiovascular disease.
Researchers found a longer PR interval and prolonged QT duration in genetically modified pig hearts after transplantation into humans, indicating signs of electrical disease. The study provides a foundation for future research to better understand xenotransplantation's effects on the heart's electrical system.
Researchers tracked participants for almost 30 years and found a link between past exposure to intimate partner violence and future cardiovascular health. The study suggests that intimate partner violence is associated with a higher risk of heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure hospitalizations.
Mount Sinai researchers created a cloud-based digital framework, Employee Health COVID-19 REDCap Registry, to track employee health data and mitigate COVID-19 spread. The platform reduced case follow-up times from days to hours and helped identify occupational and non-occupational risk factors.
A one-year lifestyle intervention with a digital app and group counselling improved diet quality, reduced abdominal obesity and insulin resistance among 2907 Finnish adults at risk of type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that commitment to lifestyle counselling supports positive changes.
A new exercise-testing approach detects asymptomatic cardiovascular abnormalities in pediatric cancer survivors, highlighting the need for routine monitoring before symptoms appear. The method assesses exercise data through a combination of peak and submaximal parameters simultaneously.
A study published in The BMJ found a small increased risk of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) after vaccination against the Covid-19 virus, particularly with adenovirus vaccines. Researchers recommend considering these risks when planning future immunization campaigns and vaccine development.
A study published in European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging identified specific genetic markers associated with high risk of head and neck cancer. The research used DNA sequencing, artificial intelligence, and positron emission tomography to analyze cellular characteristics of tumors. These markers can facilitate mo...
A pooled data analysis found that workplace exposure to gases, fumes, and aromatic solvents is associated with a decline in lung capacity. Regular check-ups are recommended for workers in these environments to prevent respiratory illness.
Researchers have developed a deep learning algorithm that can accurately assess the stage of head and neck cancer using standard CT scans, outperforming expert radiologists. The algorithm demonstrated superior accuracy in measuring the extent of cancer spread, especially for patients with high-risk disease.
A team of WVU researchers is studying how people bounce back after disastrous flooding, using lessons learned from the 2016 West Virginia flood. The project aims to create a more effective framework for flood response and community recovery in West Virginia, with a focus on identifying gaps in organizational capacity and improving floo...
The majority of pregnancy-associated homicides are linked to intimate partner violence and firearms, and are entirely preventable. Ending male violence, including gun violence, could save hundreds of lives in the US every year.
A recent analysis found that individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis and those with the disease have higher blood levels of antibodies against Prevotella copri, a bacterial strain typically found in the gut. This study suggests that targeted therapies may be developed to prevent or treat the disease.